Download or read book Surface Weather Observing written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 2001-05-11 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recognizes that the aviation weather system is a national system and that continued safe and efficient air transportation requires FAA commitment and leadership to aviation weather services. This order provides the practices and procedures to make weather observations an important part of the FAA's overall weather services. The practices and procedures set forth in this order apply to all FAA personnel, FAA contract personnel, and Non-Federal Observer personnel who provide aviation weather observation services. These personnel are required to be familiar with the provisions of this order that pertain to their observational responsibilities and to exercise their judgment if they encounter situations not covered by this order.
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations and Reports written by Federal Coordinator Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-09 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 presents an introductory overview of surface weather observations. Chapter 2 discusses the surface weather observation program, types of observations, criteria for specials, general observing standards, and dissemination. Chapter 3 presents the certification and quality control standards. It discusses certification of observers and quality control performed on-site, and at remote locations. Chapter 4 defines the requirements for maintaining records of surface weather data. It discusses the types of records, preparation and maintenance of the Station Information File, types of storage, and procedures for maintaining records of surface weather data. Chapters 5 through 11 focus on a specific element (e.g., Visibility is an element) and all the associated parameters (e.g., Prevailing Visibility and Sector Visibility are visibility parameters) of that element that appear in the weather report. The elements are: Wind (Chapter 5), Visibility (Chapter 6), Runway Visual Range (Chapter 7), Present Weather (Chapter 8), Sky Condition (Chapter 9), Temperature and Dew Point (Chapter 10), and Pressure (Chapter 11). Each chapter contains a similar format: a brief overview of the chapter, a section that describes parameters, and a section that defines further the observing and reporting standards for the reports. Each chapter also contains a Summary Table that offers an abridged listing of standards described in the chapter. By design, these summary tables do not contain all of the details found in the text. Therefore, these tables should only be used as an overview of the standards contained in the chapter. Chapter 12 defines the coding procedures for reports in the METAR/SPECI format. Appendix A is a Glossary. Appendix B is a list of Abbreviations and Acronyms. Appendix C lists Sensor Standards. Appendix D contains Runway Visual Range Tables. Throughout this Handbook, the following definitions apply: a. "shall" indicates a standard is mandatory. b. "should" indicates a standard is recommended. c. "may" indicates a standard is optional. d. "will" indicates futurity; it is not a requirement to be applied to standards.
Download or read book National Weather Service Observing Handbook written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations and Reports written by United States. National Weather Service. Office of Systems Operations. Observing Systems Branch and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Automated Surface Observing System written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Weather Observing METAR written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aviation Weather for Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Surface Weather Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manual on Codes written by World Meteorological Organization and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations written by U. S. Air U.S. Air Force and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 15-1, Atmospheric and Space Environmental Support. It also implements Federal Meteorological Handbook No. 1 (FCM-H1) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Manual on Codes, Volume I.1, Part A (WMO 306, Vol I.1, Part A) aerodrome routine meteorological reports (FM-15 METAR) and aerodrome special meteorological reports (FM-16 SPECI) codes. It prescribes basic observing fundamentals and terms and establishes aviation code forms for recording and disseminating weather observations. It applies to all Active and Reserve Component organizations conducting weather operations, including government-contracted weather operations if stated in the Statement of Work or Performance Work Statement.
Download or read book Airport Surface Weather Observation Options for General Aviation Airports written by Adam Switzer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report identifies currently available options for providing airport surface weather observations at general aviation airports. Surface weather observations are an important component of many operational decisions at general aviation airports, particularly those related to go/no go, runway and approach selection, and crosswind landings. In some cases, specific airport surface weather observation information is required to meet regulatory requirements for specific types of aviation operations, including takeoffs and landings under instrument flight rules. The need for surface weather observations at general aviation airports varies depending on the type of operations that an airport can, or wishes to, support. This study is based on information acquired through a literature review and survey results from 27 airports participating in the study located in several geographic regions across the United States. Results of the literature review and survey and case examples describing the different types of surface weather observing capabilities currently employed at general aviation airports are presented." -- Publisher's website.
Download or read book Understanding Weather written by Karel Karel Hughes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weather provides a wide variety of stimuli for our senses. The sound of thunder and gales, the smell of damp soil at the start of a summer thunderstorm are but temporary phenomena while the visual panorama of the changing sky that provides a more revealing insight into the workings of the dynamic atmosphere. Understanding Weather shows how it is possible to understand weather and climate by combining our ability to observe weather systems from the earth's surface with visualisation from above - notably by means of satellite imagery. This fusion of human observation with the contrasting capabilities of remote sensing gives us a new perspective for exploring the three dimensional atmosphere. Remote sensing imagery and real-time weather information are now widely available through the internet, allowing the reader to relate the case studies to today's weather situation. As with all sciences, understanding starts with careful observation. This books aims to show that it is possible to analyse global weather systems through a visual approach rather than the traditional use of mathematics and physics. After examining the interaction of atmospheric heat, moisture and motion in a non-technical style, the contrasting but complementary techniques of weather observation from 'below' and 'above' are compared. The world's climates are then surveyed with key weather features illustrated by satellite imagery, highlighting the way in which weather events may develop into atmospheric hazards.
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations and Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-07 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overall increase in global-mean atmospheric temperatures is predicted to occur in response to human-induced increases in atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping "greenhouse gases." The most prominent of these gases, carbon dioxide, has increased in concentration by over 30% during the past 200 years, and is expected to continue to increase well into the future. Other changes in atmospheric composition complicate the picture. In particular, increases in the number of small particles (called aerosols) in the atmosphere regionally offset and mask the greenhouse effect, and stratospheric ozone depletion contributes to cooling of the upper troposphere and stratosphere. Many in the scientific community believe that a distinctive greenhouse-warming signature is evident in surface temperature data for the past few decades. Some, however, are puzzled by the fact that satellite temperature measurements indicate little, if any, warming of the lower to mid-troposphere (the layer extending from the surface up to about 8 km) since such satellite observations first became operational in 1979. The satellite measurements appear to be substantiated by independent trend estimates for this period based on radiosonde data. Some have interpreted this apparent discrepancy between surface and upper air observations as casting doubt on the overall reliability of the surface temperature record, whereas others have concluded that the satellite data (or the algorithms that are being used to convert them into temperatures) must be erroneous. It is also conceivable that temperatures at the earth's surface and aloft have not tracked each other perfectly because they have responded differently to natural and/or human-induced climate forcing during this particular 20-year period. Whether these differing temperature trends can be reconciled has implications for assessing: how much the earth has warmed during the past few decades, whether observed changes are in accord with the predicted response to the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on model simulations, and whether the existing atmospheric observing system is adequate for the purposes of monitoring global-mean temperature. This report reassesses the apparent differences between the temperature changes recorded by satellites and the surface thermometer network on the basis of the latest available information. It also offers an informed opinion as to how the different temperature records should be interpreted, and recommends actions designed to reduce the remaining uncertainties in these measurements.
Download or read book The Elements of Surface Weather Observation written by United States. Weather Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations and Reports written by United States. Office of Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
