Download or read book Surface temperature Sensing Programs for Subsurface Conditions and Geothermal Sources written by James Wendell Spencer and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Monitoring written by Rob Young and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2009 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Geologic Monitoring is a practical, nontechnical guide for land managers, educators, and the public that synthesizes representative methods for monitoring short-term and long-term change in geologic features and landscapes. A prestigious group of subject-matter experts has carefully selected methods for monitoring sand dunes, caves and karst, rivers, geothermal features, glaciers, nearshore marine features, beaches and marshes, paleontological resources, permafrost, seismic activity, slope movements, and volcanic features and processes. Each chapter has an overview of the resource; summarizes features that could be monitored; describes methods for monitoring each feature ranging from low-cost, low-technology methods (that could be used for school groups) to higher cost, detailed monitoring methods requiring a high level of expertise; and presents one or more targeted case studies."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Sustainable Materials for Transitional and Alternative Energy written by Mufrettin Murat Sari and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Materials for Transitional and Alternative Energy, a new release in the Advanced Materials and Sensors for the Oil and Gas Industry series, comprises a list of processes across the energy industry coupled with the latest research involving advanced nanomaterials. Topics include green-based nanomaterials towards carbon capture, the importance of coal gasification in terms of fossil fuels and advanced materials utilized for fuel cells. Supplied from contributing experts in both academic and corporate backgrounds, the reference contains a precise balance on the developments, applications, advantages and challenges remaining. The book addresses real solutions as energy companies continue to deliver energy needs while lowering emissions. The oil and gas industry are shifting and implementing innovative ways to produce energy in an environmentally friendly way. One approach involves solutions developed using advanced materials and nanotechnology. Nanomaterials are delivering new alternatives for engineers making this a timely product for today’s market. Teaches readers about developments, workflows and protocols in advanced materials for today’s oil and gas sectors Helps readers gain insights from an experienced list of editors and contributors from both academia and corporate backgrounds Addresses environmental challenges in oil and gas through technological solutions in nanotechnology
Download or read book Master s Theses and Doctoral Dissertations in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terrestrial Heat Flow in Europe written by V. Cermak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outflow of heat from the earth's interior, the terrestrial heat flow, and the temperature field at depth are determined by deep-seated tectonic processes. The knowledge of the re gional heat flow pattern is thus very important in geophysics and provides a useful tool for studying crustal and litho spheric structure and understanding the nature of their evo lution. In order to use the results of heat flow measurements for regional studies and/or to correlate the observed surface geothermal activity with other geophysical or geological fea tures, a map showing the surface distribution of heat flow is necessary. Since 1963, when the first comprehensive listing of all available heat flow data appeared (Lee, 1963), several at tempts have been made to up-date the list, to classify all the data and to interpret them with respect to tectonics, deep structure and to use them for constructing surface heat flow maps. The first listing was subsequently revised by Lee and Uyeda (1965); numerous new data which were published there after were included in successive catalogs compiled by Simmons and Horai (1968) and then again by Jessop et al. (1976). The map showing the surface heat flow pattern may also be of great value for practical purposes, in view of the recent world-wide search for applicable sources of geothermal energy.
Download or read book MEMS Materials and Temperature Sensors for Down Hole Geothermal System Monitoring written by Sarah Wodin-Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advancement of renewable energy technologies is critical due to the unsustainable nature of currently used energy sources and the need to meet increasing energy demands. A broad and diverse energy plan is important for long term energy independence and stability. Geothermal energy sources including hydrothermal systems and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) should play a key role in this energy plan. Geothermal energy is the most reliable, currently developed, schedulable alternative energy source. It is estimated that improvements in these systems have the potential to provide at least 200,000 exajoules of energy to the U.S. in as little as 50 years [1]. The progress in developing this field is challenging in part due to the complex geochemical and geophysical properties of the subsurface environment. This dissertation reviews geothermal energy system limitations due to current well monitoring technologies and introduces microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors as a means of optimizing well performance. Harsh environment MEMS offer an ideal alternative to macro-scale sensors due to their harsh environment material compatibility, the ability to couple MEMS with wireless RF transmission systems, and their small footprint. In this work, harsh environment MEMS encapsulation materials are tested in simulated geothermal environments to determine their survivability. The sensors must be encapsulated to provide protection from oxidation, erosion, surface roughening, and other chemical attacks. Encapsulation materials such as silicon carbide, sapphire, vitreous carbon, and poly-crystalline diamond were tested in multiple simulated geothermal environments to determine a suitable protective layer for these MEMS devices. Once appropriate materials are determined, two temperature sensors are designed, optimized, fabricated, and tested. The first sensor improves upon existing out-of-plane MEMS capacitive temperature sensor devices by utilizing harsh environment materials. The second sensor is a novel in-plane design optimized to linearize capacitive output. These sensors are tested up to over 650 °C. [1] Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The future of geothermal energy: Impact of enhanced geothermal systems (egs) on the united states in the 21st century. 200.
Download or read book Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations in the Pure and Applied Sciences Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geothermal Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of Finite Element Computer Modelling and Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing to the Study of Geothermal Anomalies written by Robert J. Cosgrave and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buried heat sources can be investigated by examining thermal infrared images and comparing these with the results of theoretical models which predict the thermal anomaly a given heat source may generate. Key factors influencing surface temperature include the geometry and temperature of the heat source, the surface meteorological environment, and the thermal conductivity and anisotropy of the rock. In general, a geothermal heat flux of greater than 2% of solar insolation is required to produce a detectable thermal anomaly in a thermal infrared image. A heat source of, for example, 2-300K greater than the average surface temperature must be a t depth shallower than 50m for the detection of the anomaly in a thermal infrared image, for typical terrestrial conditions. Atmospheric factors are of critical importance. While the mean atmospheric temperature has little significance, the convection is a dominant factor, and can act to swamp the thermal signature entirely. Given a steady state heat source that produces a detectable thermal anomaly, it is possible to loosely constrain the physical properties of the heat source and surrounding rock, using the surface thermal anomaly as a basis. The success of this technique is highly dependent on the degree to which the physical properties of the host rock are known. Important parameters include the surface thermal properties and thermal conductivity of the rock. Modelling of transient thermal situations was carried out, to assess the effect of time dependant thermal fluxes. One-dimensional finite element models can be readily and accurately applied to the investigation of diurnal heat flow, as with thermal inertia models. Diurnal thermal models of environments on Earth, the Moon and Mars were carried out using finite elements and found to be consistent with published measurements. The heat flow from an injection of hot lava into a near surface lava tube was considered. While this approach was useful for study, and long term monitoring in inhospitable areas, it was found to have little hazard warning utility, as the time taken for the thermal energy to propagate to the surface in dry rock (several months) in very long. The resolution of the thermal infrared imaging system is an important factor. Presently available satellite based systems such as Landsat (resolution of 120m) are inadequate for detailed study of geothermal anomalies. Airborne systems, such as TIMS (variable resolution of 3-6m) are much more useful for discriminating small buried heat sources. Planned improvements in the resolution of satellite based systems will broaden the potential for application of the techniques developed in this thesis. It is important to note, however, that adequate spatial resolution is a necessary but not sufficient condition for successful application of these techniques.
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Earth Resources written by NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A national plan for energy research development and demonstration written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Resources Division in the 1980 s written by Edith B. Chase and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Resources Division in the 1980 s written by E. C. T. Chao and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
