Download or read book Suprathermal Electrons in KJ laser Produced Plasmas M Shell Resolved High resolution X ray Spectroscopic Study of Transient Matter Evolution written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Space and Time Resolved Spectroscopy of Laser produced Plasmas written by Bruce Kai Fong Young and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detailed Hydrodynamic and X Ray Spectroscopic Analysis of a Laser Produced Rapidly Expanding Aluminum Plasma written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a detailed analysis of K-shell emission from laser-produced rapidly-expanding aluminum plasmas. This work forms part of a series of experiments performed at the Vulcan laser facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK. 1-D planar expansion was obtained by over-illuminating Al-microdot targets supported on CH plastic foils. The small size of the Al-plasma ensured high spatial and frequency resolution of the spectra, obtained with a single crystal spectrometer, two vertical dispersion variant double crystal spectrometers, and a vertical dispersion variant Johann Spectrometer. The hydrodynamic properties of the plasma were measured independently by spatially and temporally resolved Thomson scattering, utilizing a 4[omega] probe beam. This enabled sub- and super- critical densities to be probed relative to the 1[omega] heater beams. The deduced plasma hydrodynamic conditions are compared with those generated from the 1-D hydro-code Medusa, and the significant differences found in the electron temperature discussed. Synthetic spectra generated from the detailed term collisional radiative non-LTE atomic physics code Fly are compared with the experimental spectra for the measured hydrodynamic parameters, and for those taken from Medusa. Excellent agreement is only found for both the H- and He-like Al series when careful account is taken of the temporal evolution of the electron temperature.
Download or read book Study of Relativistic Electrons Generated from Ultra intense Laser plasma Interaction Relevant to Laser Wakefield Acceleration and Fast Ignition Laser Fusion written by Mianzhen Mo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-intense (> 10^18 W/cm^2) laser interaction with matter is capable of producing relativistic electrons which have a variety of applications in scientific and medical research. Knowledge of various aspects of these hot electrons is important in harnessing them for various applications. Of particular interest for this thesis is the investigation of hot electrons generated in the areas of Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) and Fast Ignition (FI). LWFA is a physical process in which electrons are accelerated by the strong longitudinal electrostatic fields that are formed inside the plasma cavities or wakes produced by the propagation of an ultra-intense laser pulse through an under-dense plasma. The accelerating E-fields inside the cavities are 1000 times higher than those of conventional particle accelerators and can accelerate electrons to the relativistic regime in a very short distance, on the order of a few millimeters. In addition, Betatron X-ray radiation can be produced from LWFA as a result of the transverse oscillations of the relativistic electrons inside the laser wakefield driven cavity. The pulse duration of Betatron radiation can be as short as a few femtoseconds, making it an ideal probe for measuring physical phenomena taking place on the time scale of femtoseconds. Experimental research on the electron acceleration of the LWFA has been conducted in this thesis and has led to the generation of mono-energetic electron bunches with peak energies ranging from a few hundreds of MeV to 1 GeV. In addition, the Betatron radiation emitted from LWFA was successfully characterized based on a technique of reflection off a grazing incidence mirror. Furthermore, we have developed a Betatron X-ray probe beamline based on the technique of K-shell absorption spectroscopy to directly measure the temporal evolution of the ionization states of warm dense aluminum. With this, we have achieved for the first time direct measurements of the ionization states of warm dense aluminum using Betatron X-ray radiation probing. Fast Ignition (FI) is an advanced scheme for inertial confinement fusion (ICF), in which the fuel ignition process is decoupled from its compression. Comparing with the conventional central hot-spot scheme for ICF, FI has the advantages of lower ignition threshold and higher gain. The success of FI relies on efficient energy coupling from the heating laser pulse to the hot electrons and subsequent transport of their energy to the compressed fuel. As a secondary part of this thesis, the transport of hot electrons in overdense plasma relevant to FI was studied. In particular, the effect of resistive layers within the target on the hot electron divergence and absorption was investigated. Experimental measurements were carried out and compared to simulations indicating minimal effect on the beam divergence but some attenuation through higher atomic number intermediate layers was observed.
Download or read book Time resolved Spectroscopic Studies of Laser produced Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low and Mid Z EUV Spectroscopy of High Temperature Plasmas written by Penka Georgieva Wilcox and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectroscopy has proven to be an essential tool for plasma diagnostics, both of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. Exploitation of the EUV and soft x-ray (SXR) spectral regions is very promising but a relatively recent and challenging area of study. While these ranges are more difficult to access, due to the harsh environment and the plentitude of atomic resonances and photoabsorption, they provide very sensitive tools for elemental and chemical identification, thus creating many scientific and technological opportunities. In this dissertation, a comprehensive spectroscopic study of EUV/SXR radiation from variety of low- and mid-Z plasmas was accomplished by the author. The emphasis was on application of the newly developed non-Local Thermodynamics Equilibrium (non-LTE) models of various elements (Li, C, B, N, O, F, Al, and Ni) for studying radiative properties of different high temperature plasmas. In addition, relativistic atomic data calculations, including dielectronic recombination and satellite lines of Ni ions, that implement several different codes and take into account a large number of configurations to assure accuracy, were performed. The applications of models to following experiments were considered: NSTX at Princeton, SSPX and EBIT at LLNL, and "Sparky" laser plasma and NTF Zebra Z-pinch experiments at UNR. As a result, the spectral features of EUV/SRX experimental radiation generated under various plasma conditions were compared and analyzed: from NSTX tokamak (at relatively low electron densities of 1013 -1014 cm−3) to the laser-produced and Z-pinch plasma spectra (at higher electron densities of 1018 -102° cm−3) and at various electron temperatures - from as low as 20 eV up to 300 eV. These investigated low- and mid-Z high resolution experimental data help to benchmark and improve our spectroscopic models and theory.
Download or read book Study of Volumetrically Heated Ultra High Energy Density Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heating dense matter to millions of degrees is important for applications, but requires complex and expensive methods. The major goal of the project was to demonstrate using a compact laser the creation of a new ultra-high energy density plasma regime characterized by simultaneous extremely high temperature and high density, and to study it combining experimental measurements and advanced simulations. We have demonstrated that trapping of intense femtosecond laser pulses deep within ordered nanowire arrays can heat near solid density matter into a new ultra hot plasma regime. Extreme electron densities, and temperatures of several tens of million degrees were achieved using laser pulses of only 0.5 J energy from a compact laser. Our x-ray spectra and simulations showed that extremely highly ionized plasma volumes several micrometers in depth are generated by irradiation of gold and Nickel nanowire arrays with femtosecond laser pulses of relativistic intensities. We obtained extraordinarily high degrees of ionization (eg. we peeled 52 electrons from gold atoms, and up to 26 electrons from nickel atoms). In the process we generated Gigabar pressures only exceeded in the central hot spot of highly compressed thermonuclear fusion plasmas. The plasma created after the dissolved wires expand, collide, and thermalize, is computed to have a thermal energy density of 0.3 GJ cm-3 and a pressure of 1-2 Gigabar. These are pressures only exceeded in highly compressed thermonuclear fusion plasmas. Scaling these results to higher laser intensities promises to create plasmas with temperatures and pressures exceeding those in the center of the sun.
Download or read book Suprathermal Electron Transport in Laser produced Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A self-consistent, collisional, particle-in-cell scheme has been developed to model the one dimensional transport of suprathermal electrons in laser produced plasmas. This full Monte Carlo approach was taken, since earlier, simpler models have failed to explain an experimentally almost universal anomalous inhibition of thermal transport. The Monte Carlo scheme allows for free-streaming, ion scatter, and self thermalization of the electrons, which are moved in self-consistent E-fields computed with the aid of implicit fluid moments. PIC hydrodynamics for the ions, ponderomotive forces, and resonance and inverse-bremsstrahlung absorption of the light are all accommodated. In application to the anomalous inhibition problem, use of the scheme demonstrates that intrinsic differences in the Monte Carlo, and conventional flux-limited diffusion modelling of the transport results in apparent and real inhibition, explaining the need for strong flux-limiting in the simpler diffusion modelling of experiments.
Download or read book Studying Electron Distributions Using the Time resolved Free bound Spectra from Coronal Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Absorption of laser light in a plasma by inverse bremsstrahlung, I.B., can lead to a non-Maxwellian velocity distribution provided the electron-elecron collision frequency is too low to equilibrate the velocity distribution in the coronal plasma region of a laser heated aluminum disk by measuring the radiation recombination continuum. The experiments are performed using lambda/sub L/ = 0.532 .mu.m laser light at intensities of approx. 1016 W/cm2. Such parameters are predicted to produce conditions suitable for a non-thermal electron distribution. The shape of the K-shell recombination radiation has been measured using a time-resolved x-ray spectrograph. The electron distribution can be determined from deconvolution of the recombination continuum shape.
Download or read book Atoms Solids and Plasmas in Super Intense Laser Fields written by Dimitri Batani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 30th Course of the International School of Quantum Electronics on Atoms, Solids and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields, held 8-14 July, in Erice, Sicily
Download or read book Principles of Plasma Spectroscopy written by Hans R. Griem and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive description of the theoretical foundations and experimental applications of spectroscopic methods in plasma physics research. It introduces the classical and quantum theory of radiation, with detailed descriptions of line strengths and high density effects, and describes theoretical and experimental aspects of spectral line broadening. The book illustrates the concepts of continuous spectra, level kinetics and cross sections, thermodynamic equilibrium relations, radiative energy transfer, and radiative energy losses. The basics of plasma spectroscopy to density and temperature measurements and to the determination of some other plasma properties are also explored. Over one thousand references not only guide the reader to original research covered in the chapters, but also to experimental details and instrumentation.
Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
Download or read book Plasma Atomic Physics written by Frank B. Rosmej and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Atomic Physics provides an overview of the elementary processes within atoms and ions in plasmas, and introduces readers to the language of atomic spectra and light emission, allowing them to explore the various and fascinating radiative properties of matter. The book familiarizes readers with the complex quantum-mechanical descriptions of electromagnetic and collisional processes, while also developing a number of effective qualitative models that will allow them to obtain adequately comprehensive descriptions of collisional-radiative processes in dense plasmas, dielectronic satellite emissions and autoionizing states, hollow ion X-ray emissions, polarized atoms and ions, hot electrons, charge exchange, atomic population kinetics, and radiation transport. Numerous applications to plasma spectroscopy and experimental data are presented, which concern magnetic confinement fusion, inertial fusion, laser-produced plasmas, and X-ray free-electron lasers’ interaction with matter. Particular highlights include the development of quantum kinetics to a level surpassing the almost exclusively used quasi-classical approach in atomic population kinetics, the introduction of the recently developed Quantum-F-Matrix-Theory (QFMT) to study the impact of plasma microfields on atomic populations, and the Enrico Fermi equivalent photon method to develop the “Plasma Atom”, where the response properties and oscillator strength distribution are represented with the help of a local plasma frequency of the atomic electron density. Based on courses held by the authors, this material will assist students and scientists studying the complex processes within atoms and ions in different kinds of plasmas by developing relatively simple but highly effective models. Considerable attention is paid to a number of qualitative models that deliver physical transparency, while extensive tables and formulas promote the practical and useful application of complex theories and provide effective tools for non-specialist readers.
Download or read book Magnetic Fusion Technology written by Thomas J. Dolan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: • magnet systems, • plasma heating systems, • control systems, • energy conversion systems, • advanced materials development, • vacuum systems, • cryogenic systems, • plasma diagnostics, • safety systems, and • power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.
Download or read book Handbook for Highly Charged Ion Spectroscopic Research written by Yaming Zou and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectroscopy of highly charged ions plays a key role in numerous areas of physics, from quantum electrodynamics (QED) and parity nonconservation (PNC) testing to fusion and plasma physics to x-ray astronomy. Handbook for Highly Charged Ion Spectroscopic Research brings together many of the techniques and ideas needed to carry out state-of-the-a
Download or read book Progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science written by Antonio Giulietti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers a range of topics from this interdisciplinary field, focusing on coherent responses of gaseous and condensed matter to ultrashort intense laser pulses, propagation of intense laser pulses, and laser-plasma interaction and its applications.
Download or read book Laser Plasmas and Nuclear Energy written by Heinrich Hora and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
