Download or read book Sulfur Polymer Cement Stabilization of Elemental Mercury Mixed Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elemental mercury, contaminated with radionuclides, is a problem throughout the Department of Energy (DOE) complex. This report describes the development and testing of a process to immobilize elemental mercury, contaminated with radionuclides, in a form that is non-dispersible, will meet EPA leaching criteria, and has low mercury vapor pressure. In this stabilization and solidification process (patent pending) elemental mercury is mixed with an excess of powdered sulfur polymer cement (SPC) and additives in a vessel and heated to (approximately)35 C, for several hours, until all of the mercury is converted into mercuric sulfide (HgS). Additional SPC is then added and the mixture raised to 135 C, resulting in a homogeneous molten liquid which is poured into a suitable mold where is cools and solidifies. The final stabilized and solidified waste forms were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, as well as tested for leaching behavior and mercury vapor pressure. During this study the authors have processed the entire inventory of mixed mercury waste stored at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL).
Download or read book Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Radioactive and Mixed Wastes written by Roger D. Spence and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-12-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of stabilization and solidification techniques in the field of waste treatment reflects the efforts to better protect human health and the environment with modern advances in materials and technology. Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous, Radioactive, and Mixed Wastes provides comprehensive information including case studie
Download or read book Sulfur Polymer Cement a New Stabilization Agent for Mixed and Low Level Radioactive Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solidification and stabilization agents for radioactive, hazardous, and mixed wastes are failing to pass governmental tests at alarming rates. The Department of Energy's National Low-Level Waste Management Program funded testing of Sulfur Polymer Cement (SPC) by Brookhaven National Laboratory during the 1980s. Those tests and tests by the US Bureau of Mines (the original developer of SPC), universities, states, and the concrete industry have shown SPC to be superior to hydraulic cements in most cases. Superior in what wastes can be successfully combined and in the quantity of waste that can be combined and still pass the tests established by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Download or read book The State of Development of Waste Forms for Mixed Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-07-02 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Disposal Strategy of Proton Irradiated Mercury from High Power Spallation Sources written by Suresh Chiriki and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2010 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sulfur Polymer Cement for Macroencapsulation of Mixed Waste Debris written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In FY 1997, the US DOE Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) sponsored a demonstration of the macroencapsulation of mixed waste debris using sulfur polymer cement (SPC). Two mixed wastes were tested--a D006 waste comprised of sheets of cadmium and a D008/D009 waste comprised of lead pipes and joints contaminated with mercury. The demonstration was successful in rendering these wastes compliant with Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR), thereby eliminating one Mixed Waste Inventory Report (MWIR) waste stream from the national inventory.
Download or read book Sulfur Polymer Cement a Final Waste Form for Radioactive and Hazardous Wastes written by GR. Darnell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of its unusual properties, sulfur polymer cement (SPC) is a promising solidification and stabilization agent for radioactive and hazardous wastes. SPC accepts no water and requires no activation agents. It always melts at 115°C and pours at 135°C; therefore, economical remediation is offered through remelt and addition of additives or more SPC to meet specifications. Compressive strength upon cooling is approximately 27.6 MPa (4 000 psi). SPC has survived for years in acids and salts that destroy or severely damage hydraulic concretes in months or even weeks. In tests with 5 wt% loading of pure toxic metal oxides in powder form, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure shows the maximum leachate concentration of mercury, lead, silver, arsenic, barium, and chromium to be less than their established threshold limits. Tests to determine SPC's expected longevity are being conducted and are encouraging.
Download or read book Gebedenboek van Theresia Cornelia van Haeften fl 1699 written by and published by . This book was released on 1699 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fiscal Year 2000 Department of Energy Budget Authorization Request Parts I and II written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1999-05-27 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook written by Chang H. Oh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With detailed photos and schematic system diagrams, the Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook provides the latest information on current technologies in the market. Intended as a reference for scientists, engineers, and engineering students, it covers waste-related thermal and non-thermal technologies, separation techniques, and stabilization technologies. It provides an overview of recent waste technologies, for both hazardous chemical wastes and radioactive wastes. By implementing the techniques presented in this book, readers will be able to decide which appropriate technology to use and how to design the equipment for their particular needs.
Download or read book Sulfur Polymer Cement a Solidification and Stabilization Agent for Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic cements have been the primary radioactive waste stabilization agents in the United States for 50 years. Twelve years ago, Brookhaven National Laboratory was funded by the Department of Energy's Defense Low-Level Waste Management Program to test and develop sulfur polymer cement (SPC). It has stabilized routine wastes as well as some troublesome wastes with high waste-to-agent ratios. The Department of Energy's Hazardous Waste Remedial Action Program joined the effort by providing funding for testing and developing sulfur polymer cement as a hazardous-waste stabilization agent. Sulfur polymer cement has passed all the laboratory scale tests required by the US Environmental Protection Agency and US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Two decades of tests by the US Bureau of Mines and private concrete contractors indicate this agent is likely to exceed other agents in longevity. This bulletin provides technical data from pertinent tests conducted by these various entities.
Download or read book Weisel Heidi written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The folder may include clippings, announcements, small exhibition catalogs, advertisements, and other ephemeral items.
Download or read book Final Disposal Options for Mercury written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory testing was completed on chemical stabilization and physical encapsulation methods that are applicable (to comply with federal and state regulations) to the final disposal of both hazardous and mixed hazardous elemental mercury waste that is in either of the following categories: (1) waste generated during decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) activities on mercury-contaminated buildings, such as Building 9201-4 at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, or (2) waste stored and regulated under either the Federal Facilities Compliance Agreement or the Federal Facilities Compliance Act. Methods were used that produced copper-mercury, zinc-mercury, and sulfur-mercury materials at room temperature by dry mixing techniques. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) results for mercury on batches of both the copper-mercury and the sulfur-mercury amalgams consistently produced leachates with less than the 0.2-mg/L Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulatory limit for mercury. The results clearly showed that the reaction of mercury with sulfur at room temperature produces black mercuric sulfide, a material that is well suited for land disposal. The results also showed that the copper-mercury and zinc-mercury amalgams had major adverse properties that make them undesirable for land disposal. In particular, they reacted readily in air to form oxides and liberate elemental mercury. Another major finding of this study is that sulfur polymer cement is potentially useful as a physical encapsulating agent for mercuric sulfide. This material provides a barrier in addition to the chemical stabilization that further prevents mercury, in the form of mercuric sulfide, from migrating into the environment.
Download or read book Evaluation of Sulfur Polymer Cement as a Waste Form for the Immobilization of Low level Radioactive Or Mixed Waste written by C. H. Mattus and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Full scale Tests of Sulfur Polymer Cement and Non radioactive Waste in Heated and Unheated Prototypical Containers written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulfur polymer cement has been demonstrated to be superior to portland cement in the stabilization of numerous troublesome low- level radioactive wastes, notably mixed waste fly ash, which contains heavy metals. EG G Idaho, Inc. conducted full-scale, waste-stabilization tests with a mixture of sulfur polymer cement and nonradioactive incinerator ash poured over simulated steel and ash wastes. The container used to contain the simulated waste for the pour was a thin-walled, rectangular, steel container with no appendages. The variable in the tests was that one container and its contents were at 65°F (18°C) at the beginning of the pour, while the other was preheated to 275°F (135°C) and was insulated before the pour. The primary goal was to determine the procedures and equipment deemed operationally acceptable and capable of providing the best probability of passing the only remaining governmental test for sulfur polymer cement, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's full-scale test. The secondary goal was to analyze the ability of the molten cement and ash mixture to fill different size pipes and thus eliminate voids in the resultant 24 ft3 monolith.
Download or read book Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Radioactive and Mixed Wastes written by T. Michael Gilliam and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
