Download or read book Suicide Gene Therapy and Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer written by Matthew James Alexander Perry and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Preclinical Evaluation of Adenovirus mediated Suicide Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer and Multimodality Imaging of Viral Biodistribution and Transgene Expression written by Mai H. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Promising Hypoxia inducible Suicide Gene Therapy Strategy for Prostate Cancer written by Laure Marignol and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gene Therapy and Prostate Cancer written by P. Ronald and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-06-20 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Biology - Genetics / Gene Technology, grade: 4.5, University of Michigan, language: English, abstract: The subject of gene therapy first came up in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and is still the latest innovation in the field of medicine. Gene therapy works on the basis of manipulating the basis of human inheritance, the DNA. In a lot of medical conditions, the underlying problem is an abnormality in the gene which is the basic building block of inheritance and transfer of information from generation to generation. Gene therapy can be broadly defined as a branch of biomedical engineering which deals with the insertion, withdrawal or alteration of DNA (gene) within specific cells in order to treat a medical condition. Usually, the most common form of gene therapy involves the insertion of an artificially synthesized gene into a specific genetic locus to replace a transformed gene.

Download or read book Gene Therapy of Cancer written by Edmund C. Lattime and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene therapy as a treatment for cancer is at a critical point in its evolution. Exciting new developments in gene targeting and vector technology, coupled with results from the first generation of preclinical and clinical studies have led to the design and testing of new therapeutic approaches. The Third Edition of Gene Therapy of Cancer provides crucial updates on the basic and applied sciences of gene therapy. It offers a comprehensive assessment of the field including the areas of suicide gene therapy, oncogene and suppressor gene targeting, immunotherapy, drug resistance gene therapy, and the genetic modification of stem cells. Researchers at all levels of development, from basic laboratory investigators to clinical practitioners, will find this book to be instructive. Cancer gene therapy, like cancer therapy in general, is evolving rapidly, testing new concepts, targets and pathways, evoking new technologies, and passing new regulatory hurdles. Its essence, however, has not changed: the hope and challenges of returning altered genes to normal, using targeted gene expression to alter the function of both tumor and microenvironment, and in some cases normal cells, and delivering functionally important genes to specific cell types to increase sensitivity to killing or to protect normal cells from cancer therapies. In some instances, gene therapy for cancer forms a continuum from gene repair through the use of molecularly modified cells; the use of viral and non-viral vector based gene delivery to both tumor and tumor microenvironment; the use of viral and gene based vaccines; and development of new gene-based therapeutics. The unique mechanistically chosen vector platforms are at the heart of this technology because they allow for direct and selective cell death and transient to sustained delivery of vaccine molecules or molecules that affect the microenvironment, vasculature, or the immune response. - Explains the underlying cancer biology necessary for understanding proposed therapeutic approaches - Presents in-depth description of targeting systems and treatment strategies - Covers the breadth of gene therapy approaches including immunotherapeutic, drug resistance,oncolytic viruses, as well as regulatory perspectives from both the NCI and FDA

Download or read book Nitroreductase Suicide Gene and Immunotherapy in Locally Relapsed Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer written by Richard Philip Charles Viney and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oncolytic Adenovirus Vectors for Nitroductase Suicide Gene Therapy of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gene Therapy for Castration resistant Prostate Cancer Cells Using Jc Polyomavirus like Particles Packaged with a Psa Promoter Driven suicide Gene written by 林勉君 and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Suicide Gene Therapy written by Nejat Düzgüneş and published by Humana. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume explores the methods used for most of the recent approaches to suicide gene therapy of cancer, which exploits promoters that are specific to cancer cells, thereby ensuring (or greatly increasing the likelihood) that the therapeutic gene is expressed only in cancer cells. The book also contains chapters describing methods to improve the safety of cell therapy and techniques utilizing bone marrow mesenchymal cells. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Suicide Gene Therapy: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for researchers expanding upon our knowledge and application of this vital form of cancer therapy.

Download or read book Cancer Gene Therapy New Insights for the Healthcare Professional 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Gene Therapy: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about Cancer Gene Therapy in a concise format. The editors have built Cancer Gene Therapy: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Cancer Gene Therapy in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Cancer Gene Therapy: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Novel Gene Therapy Approaches written by Ming Wei and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene therapy has the potential to be a tailor-made therapeutic with increased specificity and decreased side effects that can offer a "cure" for many disorders. The aim of this book is to provide up-to-date reviews of the rapidly growing field of gene therapy. Chapters cover a large range of topics including methods of gene delivery, and identification of targets with several papers on cancer gene therapy. If more people become aware of the true nature and potential of gene therapy, perhaps we can achieve the full benefit of such an innovative approach for the treatment of a range of diseases, including cancer.

Download or read book Cancer Gene Therapy written by David T. Curiel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-03 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete introduction and guide to the latest developments in cancer gene therapy-from bench to bedside. The authors comprehensively review the anticancer genes and gene delivery methods currently available for cancer gene therapy, including the transfer of genetic material into the cancer cells, stimulation of the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, and the targeting of the nonmalignant stromal cells that support their growth. They also thoroughly examine the advantages and limitations of the different therapies and detail strategies to overcome obstacles to their clinical implementation. Topics of special interest include vector-targeting techniques, the lessons learned to date from clinical trials of cancer gene therapy, and the regulatory guidelines for future trials. Noninvasive techniques to monitor the extent of gene transfer and disease regression during the course of treatment are also discussed.

Download or read book Formulated Delivery of Enzyme Prodrug and Cytokine Gene Therapy to Promote Immune Reduction of Treated and Remote Tumors in Mouse Models of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is the second highest cause of cancer death in men in Western society. Early disease is treatable by surgery or radiation, but once late stage disease becomes refractory to hormone removal, patient care is limited to pain management. New treatments are needed. We use gene therapy, alone and in combination with hormones called cytokines that stimulate the immune system. The concept is that delivering a cell-killing agent to an accessible tumor, coupled with help from the immune system can promote tumor reduction both at the treatment site and at remote locations. In this therapy, a gene (a fusion of cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CD/UPRT)) is delivered to a cancer cell by a virus, or expressed by molecular engineering, so that harmless bacterial proteins are made. When followed by a pro-drug, 5 fluorocytosine (5FC), cancer cells that make CD/UPRT convert SF0 to a toxin that kills the original and neighbouring cells. This system works in slow growing tumors like prostate cancer. Killing the tumor cells attracts immune cells. We are identifying these and then delivering cytokine genes that attract more immune cells into the tumors. We will deliver the cytokine gene alone or with the suicide gene because in other studies, combination therapy works better.

Download or read book Suicide Gene Therapy written by Caroline J. Springer and published by Humana. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene therapy has expanded rapidly over the last decade. The number of clinical trials reported by 2001 included 532 protocols and 3436 patients. Phase I trials predominate with 359 trials of 1774 patients versus Phase II (57 trials with 507 patients) and Phase III (3 trials of 251 patients). The disease overwhelmingly targeted by gene therapy is cancer: involving 331 trials with 2361 patients. Despite the somewhat disappointing results of clinical trials to date, gene therapy offers tremendous promise for the future of cancer therapy. The area of gene therapy is vast, and both malignant and nonmalignant cells can be targeted. Suicide Gene Therapy: Methods and Reviews covers gene therapy that targets malignant cells in a treatment that has become known as “suicide gene therapy. ” Basically, this approach uses the transduction of cancer cells with a gene for a foreign enzyme that, when expressed, is able to activate a nontoxic prodrug into a highly cytotoxic drug able to kill the cancer cell population. This is a major area in cancer gene therapy—in 2001 this technique was represented by 52 clinical protocols with a total of 567 patients. Additional trials used multiple gene therapy protocols that also involved suicide gene therapy (83 with 497 patients), indicating that the interest in this area is considerable. Suicide Gene Therapy: Methods and Reviews aims to cover comprehensively, both in theoretical and practical terms, the rapidly evolving area of suicide gene therapy for cancer.

Download or read book Viral HSV1 TK Gene Radiolabeled FIAU and Ganciclovir written by Omer Al-Derwish and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strategy of suicide gene therapy in cancer is based on the idea of enabling tumour cells, by gene transfer, to convert a non-toxic pro-drug into a toxic product. Previous work has shown that the combination of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene (HSV1-tk) transfer with the pro-drug ganciclovir (GCV) to be a promising suicide gene therapy in cancer. Unlike several other gene therapy systems, early-phase clinical trials of this strategy have shown encouraging results. Therefore, methods to improve its therapeutic efficacy are urgently sought. The thymidine analogue 5-iodo-2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-ß-D-arabino-furonosyluracil (FIAU) is an alternative substrate of the HSV1-TK enzyme. The iodine atom of FIAU can be substituted with radioactive iodine, for example; [123I]-iodine, and thereby utilised for the delivery of ionising radiation into tumour cells expressing the viral tk gene. The aim of this study was primarily to investigate the therapeutic potential of combining HSV1-tk gene transfer and [123I]FIAU for the targeted radiation cytotherapy of prostate cancer cells alone or in combination with GCV. The HSV1-tk gene was cloned into the plasmid vector pcDNA3.1. This plasmid, driven by the ubiquitous promoter of CMV, was then used to transfect the prostate cancer cell line DU145 and the glioma cell line UVW. A viral TK positive, commercially available cell line derived from osteosarcoma (143B-TK) along with its TK-negative clone were also used for comparison. The viral tk gene transfection efficiency was assessed by three independent methods. Firstly, the uptake of [123I]FIAU normalised to the uptake of tritiated thymidine ([methyl-3H]TdR); secondly, GCV sensitivity, assessed by the MTT assay; and thirdly, by the detection of HSV1-tk gene by RT-PCR. The highest specific activity of [123I]FIAU was obtained by the use of a no-carrier added method of synthesis. The cytotoxicity of [123I]FIAU was assessed by clonogenic assay after incubating monolayers of parental and TK-positive clones of the cell lines with a range of doses of [123I]FIAU for the periods of 4 h, 8 h and a period equal to their doubling times. The effect of this treatment on cell cycle progression was assessed by FACS analysis after staining the cellular DNA with propodium iodide. Combination therapy using GCV and [123I]FIAU for the treatment of TK-positive clones of the prostate cancer cell line DU-145 and the osteosarcoma cell line 143B was assessed by the method of median effect analysis and combination index. Monolayers were treated with a constant ratio of various doses of [123I]FIAU for 4h or GCV for 72h. The combination therapy followed three different timing schedules of GCV-before-[123I]FIAU, [123I]FIAU-before-GCV, or simultaneous therapy. The expression of HSV1-tk gene by the three cell lines was confirmed by the three methods described above. For instance, the TK positive clone of the cell line DU145 exhibited 4.25 ± 0.15 times higher [123I]FIAU/ [methyl-3H]TdR uptake ratio and 43 times higher sensitivity to GCV compared with the parental cell line. The three cell lines demonstrated sensitivity to radiolabelled FIAU, which was significantly enhanced by HSV1-tk gene expression. This sensitivity was time-, dose-, and proliferation-dependent. Maximum cell kill was achieved when the monolayers were exposed to [123I]FIAU for a period equavelant to the cellular doubling time. For example, the sensitivity enhancement factor by tk gene expression of the cell line DU145 increased from 5.2 to 7.6 when the treatment period was prolonged from 4 h to 26 h (doubling time of DU145). Following the treatment with [123I]FIAU for a period equal to the doubling time, cells were arrested at G2/M phase of the cell cycle. For instance, 49% of DU145-TK cells treated with 1 MBq/ml for 26 h were at G2/M phase compared with 21.9% of the untreated cells. In contrast, incubation of DU145-TK or 143B-TK cell lines with lethal doses of [123I]FIAU for 4 h and GCV for 72 h had no significant effect on cell cycle progression. Comparison of the effectiveness of [123I]FIAU in the monolayer and spheroid cultures indicated that clonogenic cell kill resulting from Auger electron bombardment was restricted to targeted rather than bystander cells. The combination therapy of [123I]FIAU and GCV of the cell line DU145-TK resulted in antagonistic effect throughout the examined dose range of the schedules of FIAU-before-GCV and simultaneous therapy and the low toxicity concentration range (lower surviving fractions) of the GCV-before-FIAU schedule. The high toxicity concentration range of the latter schedule has shown evidence of additive effect. For the osteosarcoma cell line 143B-TK, synergistic effect was observed at the high toxicity concentration range of the three combination schedules and antagonism at the low toxicity concentration range of the combinations. We concluded from this in vitro study that the combination of HSV1-tk gene transfer and the delivery of radiolabelled FIAU is a promising strategy for targeted radiation cytotherapy of prostate cancer. This proliferation-dependent therapy has caused significant cell cycle arrest that warrants further investigation. Furthermore, the combination of GCV and radiolabelled FIAU for the treatment of tumour cells expressing the gene of viral TK resulted in a dose- and schedule-dependent synergism. We believe that these encouraging results should be substantiated by in vivo experiments in the near future.

Download or read book Oncolytic Adenovirus Vectors for Nitroreductase Suicide Gene Therapy of Prostate Cancer written by Morgan Reece Herod and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in the UK and USA, with a 1/13 chance of diagnosis and a 1/30 lifetime risk of death from the disease. Current treatment options include radiotherapy, surgery and hormone therapy, however 1/3 patients escape from all therapies and novel therapies are urgently required for this patient group. The University of Birmingham gene therapy group constructed two oncolytic adenovirus vectors, CRAd-NTR and vNR6, both of which contained the E1B-55K deletion and expressed the transgene nitroreductase for combined oncolytic virotherapy and enzyme/prodrug gene therapy. The latter of these two vectors, vNR6, expressing nitroreductase from the pIX virus promoter demonstrated the greatest cytotoxicity at low virus concentrations however also showed some lytic activity to non-transformed human fibroblasts. Our collaborators at the Institut Català d'Oncologia designed a panel of oncolytic adenovirus vectors with the E1A CR2 [Delta]24 deletion and the E1A promoter replaced by an insulated E2F-1 promoter. The latest two in this series of vectors, termed ICOVIR-5 and ICOVIR-7, provide potential oncolytic backbones for the introduction of the therapeutic transgene nitroreductase. The aim of this thesis was therefore to 'arm' the ICOVIR based vectors with nitroreductase for combined oncolytic virotherapy and enzyme/prodrug therapy. At the beginning of this study no reports were published with either ICOVIR-5 or ICOVIR-7 based vectors. It was therefore first decided to construct both vectors expressing the marker transgene eGFP. These vectors were characterised in terms of cytotoxicity, transgene expression, DNA replication and E1A expression. Furthermore, these vectors were compared to the vNR3, an E1B-55K deleted virus similar to vNR6, but the eGFP ORF replacing that of pIX. The ICOVIR-7 based vectors were identified as being the most tumour selective vectors and demonstrated no cytotoxicity to non-transformed human fibroblasts, and were therefore chosen for the introduction of the therapeutic transgenes. The new ICOVIR-7 based vectors were constructed to express either wildtype, double mutant or triple mutant nitroreductase. Double and triple mutant nitroreductase are two previously characterised mutant nitroreductases, which show enhanced catalytic activity for the prodrug CB1954. The new nitroreductase expressing ICOVIR-7 vectors were characterised in terms of virus mediated cytotoxicity, tumour selectivity, E1A and NTR expression and cytotoxicity with the prodrug CB1954. One vector, expressing double mutant nitroreductase, showed the highest tumour selectivity and greatest combined cytotoxicity with the prodrug CB1954. Furthermore, this vector showed greater tumour selectivity and combined cytotoxicity than the E1B-55K deleted vector vNR6.

Download or read book Development of Suicide Enzyme based Therapeutics for Cancer Therapy written by Stacy Emilie Martin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To improve the yeast cytosine deaminase-triple (yCDtriple)/5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) suicide gene therapy system, we targeted the C-terminal region of yCDtriple for regio-specific random mutagenesis. We hypothesized that regio-specific random mutagenesis of amino acids E147-E158 would generate mutants that display improved kinetic parameters towards 5-FC. An additional alanine-scanning mutagenesis strategy of these C-terminal amino acids demonstrated that this region was important for overall catalytic activity, and that specific residues were integral for enzymatic function.