Download or read book Sugar Sweetened Beverage Tax in Pacific Island Countries and Territories written by Andrea McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamic development shifting demographics and changing diets written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asia and the Pacific is experiencing major demographic shifts and urbanizing rapidly. E-agriculture technologies (remote sensing, drones, sensors) are emerging, with potentially profound implications for the entire food system and management of the natural resource base. Structural transformation of the economy has also changed the nature of the food security problem. Earlier, many governments thought that producing more staple food was sufficient to improve food security. However, today’s economy, increasingly based on human capital and less on physical strength, requires that policies and programmes promote healthy diets for healthy people. This need for improved nutrition will require shifts in agricultural production and trade patterns. Solving the malnutrition problem in urban areas will also require different solutions than in rural areas, due to the difference in urban and rural food environments. In line with the structural transformation of the economy, farm households also increasingly rely on non-farm income to support their livelihoods and risk management strategies, which has implications for the uptake of new technologies. The demographic shifts, urbanization and structural changes in the economy, coupled with climate change, have made the food security and nutrition problem more complex than it was in the past. Solutions require input from different stakeholders, both public and private, as well as a range of government ministries, including Health, Finance, Education, Environment, Trade and Social Welfare in addition to Agriculture.
Download or read book Asia and the Pacific Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2019 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asia-Pacific is home to well over half of all people worldwide who do not obtain sufficient dietary energy to maintain normal, active, healthy lives. To achieve SDG 2 in the region, more than 3 million people must escape hunger each month from now until December 2030. In most countries in the region, the diets of more than half of all very young children (aged 6–23 months) fail to meet minimum standards of diversity, leading to micronutrient deficiencies that affect child development and therefore the potential of future generations. The high prevalence of stunting and wasting among children under five years of age is a result of these deficiencies. Only four countries in the region are on track to meet the global target of a 40 percent reduction in the number of stunted children between 2012 and 2025.At the same time, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising steadily among children and adults, negatively affecting health and well-being. Addressing the resultant burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases places great strain on national healthcare budgets and also causes productivity losses. Social protection is an important way of reducing inequality and mitigating the impacts of disasters, and it is expanding in the region. A special section of this report discusses how to develop social protection programmes that accelerate progress in eradicating hunger and malnutrition.
Download or read book Sugar Rum and Tobacco written by Mike Berridge and published by Bridget Williams Books. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can a sugar tax improve public health? Even if it can, is it the right thing to do? One of New Zealand’s foremost health scientists, Mike Berridge, teams up with tax expert Lisa Marriott to explore the issue. This BWB Text explains the relationship between sugar and ill-health, and explores how taxes can reduce people’s sugar intake. It draws on research and case studies from around the world, including Denmark, Mexico and the Pacific. With New Zealand now the third most obese nation in the OECD, Berridge and Marriott’s discussion is a timely addition to a contentious debate.
Download or read book Sugar Sweetened Beverage Taxation in the Region of the Americas written by Global Health Advocacy Incubator and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar-sweetened beverage excise taxes are an effective evidence-based noncommunicable diseases (NCD) prevention policy. Along with tobacco and alcohol excise taxes, they are a tool to attain the Sustainable Development Goals, and are recommended by the World Health Organization to modify behavioral risk factors associated with obesity and NCDs, as featured in the WHO Global Action Plan. Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages have been described as a triple win for governments, because they 1) improuve population health, 2) generate revenue, and 3) have the potential to reduce long-term associated healthcare costs and productivity losses. Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages has been implemented in more than 73 countries worldwide. In the Region of the Americas, 21 PAHO/WHO Member States apply national-level excise taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages and seven jurisdictions apply local sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in the United States of America. While the number of countries applying national excise taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages in the Region is promising, most of these taxes could be further leveraged to improve their impact on sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and health. This publication provides economic concepts related to the economic rationale for using sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and the costs associated with obesity; key considerations on tax design including tax types, bases, and rates; an overview of potential tax revenue and earmarking; evidence on the extent to which these taxes are expected to impact prices of taxed beverages, the demand for taxed beverages, and substitution to untaxed beverages; and responses to frequent questions about the economic impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation.
Download or read book Food Culture in the Pacific Islands written by Roger Haden and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-08-10 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The food culture of the Pacific Islands has been determined by isolation from the rest of the world. Original immigrants from Asia brought their foods, animals, and culinary skills with them, then for several thousand years, they were largely uninfluenced by outsiders. The tropical climate of much of the region, unique island geology and environmental factors also played a role in the evolution of islander cuisine, which is based on unique ingredients. The staples of breadfruit, yams, taro, coconut, sweet potato, and cassava are incorporated into a cuisine that uses cooking and preservation techniques unique to Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia. Today, food culture in the Pacific is largely one of extremes. Although traditional foods and cookery survive and are highly valued, Westernization has meant that the overall diet of islanders has been negatively transformed and that islands are net importers of unhealthful foods. Ironically, the tourism industry has re-engaged islander people in food production and boosted their sense of identity. Students, food mavens, and travellers will find this to be a stellar introduction to the current culture of the Pacific Islands, with discussion of Hawaii, Australia, and New Zealand included. Chapter 1, Historical Overview, offers a fascinating chronicle of the evolution of a food culture of extremes, of isolation, climate, environment, and Western influences. Chapter 2, Major Foods and Ingredients, introduces a host of traditional tropical manna as well as imported products. The Cooking chapter discusses the truly unique cooking styles of the islands, such as steam-baking in the ground in an umu (oven). Chapter 4, Typical Meals, largely explores the emphasis on the ubiquitous processed foods. A Regional Specialties chapter reveals both pan-regional dishes and the noted local dishes. Chapter 6's Eating Out discussion shows the new acceptance of the individualist, recreational ritual of eating away from the community. The typical life-cycle food rituals are covered in the Special Occasions chapter. A final chapter on Diet and Health highlights the increase in Western diseases arising from diet and lifestyle changes and discusses timely food security issues as well. Recipes are interspersed throughout, and a timeline, glossary, selected bibliography, and photos round out the coverage.
Download or read book Wealthy But Unhealthy written by Mattias Helble and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asia and the Pacific have recently recorded high rates of not only economic growth but also overweight and obesity, which are important risk factors for diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. Both conditions reduce productivity and thus have a direct impact on economies. Both conditions are also typically chronic and often require lifelong treatment, which burdens households and governments. This book (i) summarizes the knowledge on overweight and obesity in the region; (ii) presents the main determinants of overweight and obesity across countries; (iii) evaluates the economic costs of overweight and obesity, including the negative impact on productivity and higher probability of premature death; and (iv) recommends ways to lower the incidence of overweight based on market and nonmarket-based instruments.
Download or read book Diet Food Supply and Obesity in the Pacific written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organisation (Who). This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper attempts to collect documented evidence to examine the relationship between the food supply, dietary patterns and obesity in Pacific countries. It draws on dietary studies and reviews undertaken over the last 80 years and documented accounts of diets since evidence or food crop consumption in the Pacific was established over 28 000 years ago. Section 1 gives a short account of obesity, emphasizing that it is a growing epidemic that has affected urban communities. Section 2 discusses and defines a healthy diet for a population. In section 3, a view of food consumption patterns is given from Pacific pre-civilization and pre-European contact times to show the conservative and homogeneous nature of Pacific communities. Pacific dietary studies are reviewed in section 4, with emphasis on the contributions of micronutrients to energy. The section starts with individual country data, listing countries alphabetically. The food supply is then examined and analyzed, with data from FAO Food Balance Sheets from seven Pacific countries. This section ends with a short account of food dependence. Conclusions are then given in section 5. There is a large reference list, and food supply data are provided in the Annexes.
Download or read book Global Report on Diabetes written by Gojka Roglic and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On the occasion of World Health Day 2016, WHO issues a call for action on diabetes, drawing attention to the need to step up prevention and treatment of the disease. The first WHO Global report on diabetes demonstrates that the number of adults living with diabetes has almost quadrupled since 1980 to 422 million adults. This dramatic rise is largely due to the rise in type 2 diabetes and factors driving it include overweight and obesity. In 2012 alone diabetes caused 1.5 million deaths. Its complications can lead to heart attack, stroke, blindness, kidney failure and lower limb amputation. The new report calls upon governments to ensure that people are able to make healthy choices and that health systems are able to diagnose, treat and care for people with diabetes. It encourages us all as individuals to eat healthily, be physically active, and avoid excessive weight gain."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Guideline Sugars Intake for Adults and Children written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guideline provides updated global, evidence-informed recommendations on the intake of free sugars to reduce the risk of NCDs in adults and children, with a particular focus on the prevention and control of unhealthy weight gain and dental caries. The recommendations in this guideline can be used by policy-makers and programme managers to assess current intake levels of free sugars in their countries relative to a benchmark. They can also be used to develop measures to decrease intake of free sugars, where necessary, through a range of public health interventions. Examples of such interventions and measures that are already being implemented by countries include food and nutrition labelling, consumer education, regulation of marketing of food and non-alcoholic beverages that are high in free sugars, and fiscal policies targeting foods and beverages that are high in free sugars. This guideline should be used in conjunction with other nutrient guidelines and dietary goals, in particular those related to fats and fatty acids (including saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids), to guide development of effective public health nutrition policies and programmes to promote a healthy diet.
Download or read book The Global Afghan Opium Trade written by United Nations and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Importing Into the United States written by U. S. Customs and Border Protection and published by . This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains process of importing goods into the U.S., including informed compliance, invoices, duty assessments, classification and value, marking requirements, etc.
Download or read book Fisheries of the Pacific Islands written by R. D. Gillett and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions. The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition.
Download or read book Beans Bullets and Black Oil written by Worrall Reed Carter and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2014 written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This global status report on prevention and control of NCDs (2014), is framed around the nine voluntary global targets. The report provides data on the current situation, identifying bottlenecks as well as opportunities and priority actions for attaining the targets. The 2010 baseline estimates on NCD mortality and risk factors are provided so that countries can report on progress, starting in 2015. In addition, the report also provides the latest available estimates on NCD mortality (2012) and risk factors, 2010-2012. All ministries of health need to set national NCD targets and lead the development and implementation of policies and interventions to attain them. There is no single pathway to attain NCD targets that fits all countries, as they are at different points in their progress in the prevention and control of NCDs and at different levels of socioeconomic development. However all countries can benefit from the comprehensive response to attaining the voluntary global targets presented in this report.--Publisher description.
Download or read book Making Better Policies for Food Systems written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food systems around the world face a triple challenge: providing food security and nutrition for a growing global population; supporting livelihoods for those working along the food supply chain; and contributing to environmental sustainability. Better policies hold tremendous promise for making progress in these domains.
