Download or read book Subsurface Microbial Communities and Degradative Capacities During Trichloroethylene Bioremediation written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunological Techniques as Tools to Characterize the Subsurface Microbial Community at a Trichloroethylene Contaminated Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective in situ bioremediation strategies require an understanding of the effects pollutants and remediation techniques have on subsurface microbial communities. Therefore, detailed characterization of a site's microbial communities is important. Subsurface sediment borings and water samples were collected from a trichloroethylene (TCE) contaminated site, before and after horizontal well in situ air stripping and bioventing, as well as during methane injection for stimulation of methane-utilizing microorganisms. Subsamples were processed for heterotrophic plate counts, acridine orange direct counts (AODC), community diversity, direct fluorescent antibodies (DFA) enumeration for several nitrogen-transforming bacteria, and Biolog [reg sign] evaluation of enzyme activity in collected water samples. Plate counts were higher in near-surface depths than in the vadose zone sediment samples. During the in situ air stripping and bioventing, counts increased at or near the saturated zone, remained elevated throughout the aquifer, but did not change significantly after the air stripping. Sporadic increases in plate counts at different depths as well as increased diversity appeared to be linked to differing lithologies. AODCs were orders of magnitude higher than plate counts and remained relatively constant with depth except for slight increases near the surface depths and the capillary fringe. Nitrogen-transforming bacteria, as measured by serospecific DFA, were greatly affected both by the in situ air stripping and the methane injection. Biolog[reg sign] activity appeared to increase with subsurface stimulation both by air and methane. The complexity of subsurface systems makes the use of selective monitoring tools imperative.
Download or read book Microbiology of the Terrestrial Deep Subsurface written by Penny S. Amy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obtaining and analyzing samples is challenging in subsurface science. This first-of-its-kind reference book addresses accomplishments in this field-from drilling to sample work-up. A collaborative approach is taken, involving the efforts of microbiologists, geochemists, hydrologists, and drilling and mining experts to present a comprehensive view of subsurface research. The text provides practical information about obtaining, analyzing, and evaluating subsurface materials; the current status of subsurface microbial ecology; and describes several applications that will interest a variety of readers, including engineers, physical, and life scientists.
Download or read book Comparative Plant Uptake and Microbial Degradation of Trichloroethylene in the Rhizospheres of Five Plant Species Implications for Bioremediation of Contaminated Surface Soils written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to collect data that would provide a foundation for the concept of using vegetation to enhance in situ bioremediation of contaminated surface soils. Soil and vegetation (Lespedeza cuneata, Paspalum notatum, Pinus taeda, and Solidago sp.) samples from the Miscellaneous Chemicals Basin (MCB) at the Savannah River Site were used in tests to identify critical plant and microbiological variables affecting the fate of trichloroethylene (TCE) in the root zone. Microbiological assays including phospholipid acid analyses, and 14C-acetate incorporation were conducted to elucidate differences in rhizosphere and nonvegetated soil microbial communities from the MCB. The microbial activity, biomass, and degradation of TCE in rhizosphere soils were significantly greater than corresponding nonvegetated soils. Vegetation had a positive effect on microbial degradation of 14C-TCE in whole-plant experiments. Soils from the MCB containing Lespedeza cuneata, Pinus taeda, and Glycine max mineralized greater than 25% of the 14C- TCE added compared with less than 20% in nonvegetated soils. Collectively, these results provide evidence for the positive role of vegetation in enhancing biodegradation.
Download or read book Microbial Community Structure in a Trichloroethylene Contaminated Aquifer During Toluene Stimulated Bioremediation written by Elica Monique Moss and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Bioremediation of Trichloroethylene Using Burkholderia Cepacia G4 PR1 written by Richard A. Snyder and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook on Biodegradation and Biological Treatment of Hazardous Organic Compounds written by M.H. van Agteren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of synthetic organic chemicals into the environment during the last few decades has given rise to major concern about the ecotoxicological effects and ultimate fate of these compounds. The pollutants that are considered to be most hazardous because of their intrinsic toxicity, high exposure level, or recalcitrant behavior in the environment have been placed on blacklists and other policy priority lists. The fate of synthetic compounds that enter the environment is mainly determined by their rate of biodegradation, which therefore also has a major effect on the degree of bioaccumulation and the risk of ecotoxicological effects. The degree and rate of biodegradation is also of critical importance for the feasibility of biological techniques to clean up contaminated sites and waste streams. The biodegradation of xenobiotics has thus been the subject of numerous studies, which resulted in thousands of publications in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. These studies led to a deeper understanding of the diversity of biodegradation processes. As a result, it has become possible to enhance the rate of degradation of recalcitrant pollutants during biological treatment and to design completely new treatment processes. At present, much work is being done to expand the range of pollutants to which biodegradation can be applied, and to make treatment techniques less expensive and better applicable for waste streams which are difficult to handle.
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents written by Robert E. Hinchee and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil and groundwater contamination stemming from the release of various chlorinated compounds into the environment is a significant and difficult site remediation challenge. The articles in this collection discuss the use of aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation to dehalogenate sites contaminated with pesticides and chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethene, tetrachloromethene, perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, pentachlorophenol, and chlorinated benzene. Bench- and field-scale studies of the biological processes associated with in situ dechlorination of soil and aquifers are described. Discussed are the uses of microcosm studies and numerical simulation of dechlorination to manage system operation. Site characteristics (e.g., hydraulic properties, temperature, nitrogen availability) and their effect on the stability of the methanotrophic community are examined. Methods discussed include the use of air venting, alternative electron donors, biofilm reactors, surfactants, municipal digester sludge, iron enhancement, and sulfate reduction to improve conditions for the microbial consortia that effect dechlorination.
Download or read book The Effects of Trichloroethylene TCE and Toluene on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Function written by Mark Edmund Fuller and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Bioremediation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ bioremediationâ€"the use of microorganisms for on-site removal of contaminantsâ€"is potentially cheaper, faster, and safer than conventional cleanup methods. But in situ bioremediation is also clouded in uncertainty, controversy, and mistrust. This volume from the National Research Council provides direction for decisionmakers and offers detailed and readable explanations of: the processes involved in in situ bioremediation, circumstances in which it is best used, and methods of measurement, field testing, and modeling to evaluate the results of bioremediation projects. Bioremediation experts representing academic research, field practice, regulation, and industry provide accessible information and case examples; they explore how in situ bioremediation works, how it has developed since its first commercial use in 1972, and what research and education efforts are recommended for the future. The volume includes a series of perspective papers. The book will be immediately useful to policymakers, regulators, bioremediation practitioners and purchasers, environmental groups, concerned citizens, faculty, and students.
Download or read book In situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Subsurface Media written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Methanotrophic Bacteria During Injection of Gaseous Nutrients for In Situ Trichloroethylene Bioremediation in a Sanitary Landfill written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methanotrophic bacterial populations were quantified in an aquifer that was amended with air (oxygen), methane, triethyl-phosphate, and nitrous oxide to evaluate their effectiveness to stimulate aerobic bioremediation of vinyl chloride (VC), dichloroethylene, and trichloroethylene (TCE). Contaminants in groundwater resulted from leachate originating from a nearby landfill. Groundwater samples were taken during gas injection and analyzed for changes in bacterial populations. The methanotrophic populations were monitored in groundwater using direct fluorescent antibodies (DFA) and the most probable number (MPN) technique. Acridine orange direct counts (AODC) were used to determine the total bacterial population. Methanotrophic populations increased significantly in groundwater during the course of gaseous nutrient injections. As methanotrophic bacteria reached a maximum population in 3-4 days, contaminant levels (TCE) decreased. Cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE) demonstrated a transient increase in concentration during the experiment but decreased rapidly over the course of the experiment. The total number of groundwater microorganisms did not change, indicating a selective stimulation of the methanotrophic bacterial population. These bacterial data were compared to physical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, redox) and contaminant (TCE, c-DCE, VC) concentrations within the saturated and unsaturated zone to reveal the efficiency of the system. The loss of contaminants appears to be due to cometabolic biodegradation through biostimulation since loss by volatilization was accounted for and was minimal. This work clearly demonstrates that one can effectively change the subsurface bacterial population in a relatively short period of time.
Download or read book Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons Oils and Lipids Biodegradation and Bioremediation written by Robert J. Steffan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book international experts discuss the state-of-the-art in the biological degradation of hydrocarbons to meet remedial or disposal goals. The work focuses on practical applications, often on globally important scales including the remediation of some of the world’s largest crude oil spills. Other related chapters discuss important implications of microbial transformation of hydrocarbons, including treatment of high fat processing wastes, impacts of microbial biodegradation activity on industrial processes, and the implications of microbial oil degradation in relation to modern oil extraction processes like hydraulic fracturing of shales and extraction of oil sands.
Download or read book Analysis of Microbial Communities in a Contaminated Aquifer Undergoing Uranium Bioremediation written by Erick Cardenas Poire and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparative Plant Uptake and Microbial Degradation of Trichloroethylene in the Rhizospheres of Five Plant Species written by Todd Alan Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
