Download or read book Subsidy Regulation and State Transformation in North America the GATT and the EU written by Robert O'Brien and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent international subsidy regulation is contributing to a dual transformation of the state. The state is increasingly liberal as expenditure is channelled into particular activities and it is less sovereign as key decision-making authority is transferred to international institutions. Subsidy conflicts emerge as the attempts by states, firms and social forces to adapt to an increasingly global economy collide with variations of liberal development models. This study examines the distinct subsidy arrangements in North America, the GATT and the European Union to highlight this change in state structure and behaviour.
Download or read book Reforming WTO Rules on State Owned Enterprises written by Yingying Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that the trade-distorting effects of advantages associated with SOEs are more severe from an economic perspective, and the behavior of SOEs after receiving advantages is of more concern, compared to private-owned enterprises (POEs). The premise is that the existence of SOEs per se is not the essential problem; rather, the underlying problems are (i) the disproportionate granting of advantages to SOEs (compared to POEs) and (ii) the behavior of SOEs once they receive advantages. The book offers a systematic analysis focusing on the various advantages granted to SOEs and their subsequent behavior. Its detailed analysis reveals the inadequacy of current WTO rules and is complemented by a number of concrete proposals.
Download or read book Competing for Capital written by Kenneth P. Thomas and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As corporations search for new production sites, governments compete furiously using location subsidies and tax incentives to lure them. Yet underwriting big business can have its costs: reduction in economic efficiency, shifting of tax burdens, worsening of economic inequalities, or environmental degradation. Competing for Capital is one of the first books to analyze competition for investment in order to suggest ways of controlling the effects of capital mobility. Comparing the European Union's strict regulation of state aid to business with the virtually unregulated investment competition in the United States and Canada, Kenneth P. Thomas documents Europe's relative success in controlling—and decreasing—subsidies to business, even while they rise in the United States. Thomas provides an extensive history of the powers granted to the EU's governing European Commission for controlling subsidies and draws on data to show that those efforts are paying off. In reviewing trends in North America, he offers the first comprehensive estimate of U.S. subsidies to business at all levels to show that the United States is a much higher subsidizer than it portrays itself as being. Thomas then suggests what we might learn from the European experience to control the effects of capital mobility—not only within or between states, but also globally, within NAFTA and the World Trade Organization as well. He concludes with policy recommendations to help promote international cooperation and cross-fertilization of ways to control competition for investment.
Download or read book The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework A Developing Country Perspective written by Farai Chigavazira and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) was adopted to eliminate the illegitimate use of trade distorting agricultural subsidies and, thereby, reduce and avoid the negative effects subsidies have on global agricultural trade. However, the AoA has been fashioned in a way that is enabling developed countries to continue high levels of protectionism through subsidization, whilst many developing countries are facing severe and often damaging competition from imports artificially cheapened through subsidies. The regulation of subsidies by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been a highly sensitive issue. This is mainly due to the fear of compromising on food security, especially by developed countries. Developing countries have suffered negatively from the subsidy programmes of developed countries, which continue to subsidize their agricultural sector. This position of developing countries in the global trade system, which has been described as weak, has drawn criticism of the WTO, namely that it does not protect the interests of the weak developing nations, but rather strengthens the interests of the strong developed nations. The green box provisions which are specifically designed to regulate payments that are considered trade neutral or minimally trade distorting have grossly been manipulated by developed countries at the mercy of the AoA. Developed countries continue to provide trade distorting subsidies under the guise of green box support. This is defeating the aims and objectives of the AoA. The study examines the regulation of WTO agricultural subsidies from the developing countries’ perspective. It looks at the problems WTO member states face with trade distorting subsidies, but focuses more on the impact these have on developing states. It scrutinizes the AoA’s provisions regulating subsidies by adopting a perspective to identify any loopholes or shortcomings which undermine the interests and aspirations of developing countries. This is against the background that some of the provisions of the AoA are lenient towards the needs of developed countries at the expense of developing countries.
Download or read book State Aid Law of the European Union written by Herwig Hofmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rules controlling State aid and subsidies on the EU and the WTO level touch nearly every aspect of national law. Written by a team of experts from the judiciary, practice, academia, and officials, this book provides a thorough and analytic approach to this vital area of law.
Download or read book STI Review Volume 1997 Issue 2 Special Issue on Public Transport to Industry written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-03-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue of the STI Review presents, from the perspective of national governments, the Commission of the EC, the WTO and the OECD, the policy approaches adopted to limit the trade-distorting potential of subsidies and to tackle public spending on industrial support programes.
Download or read book Competition and Intellectual Property Law in Ukraine written by Heiko Richter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-22 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides the most comprehensive contemporary academic writing on Ukrainian competition and intellectual property law in English. Especially over the last few years, these areas have been in considerable flux, a main driver being the EU–Ukraine Association Agreement. The chapters cover a broad range of different topics and share a forward-looking perspective. They also outline the basic background that is necessary to understand the context of the issue discussed, especially with regards to the legal system of Ukraine. The publication is the result of a two-year project, and it is addressed to a wide range of international scholars, practitioners, and policy makers. It aims to make the state-of-the-art in Ukrainian legal scholarship visible and accessible to the international research community and to stimulate global debates in academia and politics. Therefore, it may be of interest and use to anyone who is interested in competition and intellectual property law, and/or in Ukraine.
Download or read book Fisheries Subsidies under International Law written by Chen-Ju Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-17 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subsidies to fisheries have been in existence for centuries. However, these remained outside the spotlight of the international community until the turn of this century when the negative effects that fisheries subsidies have on international trade, the environment and sustainable development became increasingly clear. As a result the Doha Round Negotiations set the parameters for an effective fisheries subsidies regime. WTO Members thus embarked in intensive negotiations with the collaboration of various international organizations. These negotiations culminated with publication of the legal text of the Chairman of the Negotiating Group on Rules in 2007 which reflects to a large extent the mandates of the Ministerial Conferences and reconciles the diverse interests of the negotiators. The EU as a major WTO Member and with its own Common Fisheries Policy which has been in effect for a number of years can serve as the basis for comparison and improvement of the proposed regulations.
Download or read book State Subsidies in the Global Economy written by N. Zahariadis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-18 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using figures from European Union members, the volume highlights the conditional effects of globalization, asset specificity, and domestic institutions. Far from being impotent, democratic states face politically powerful pressures to continue to shield social actors from the vagaries of the global market.
Download or read book Law and Governance in Postnational Europe written by Michael Zürn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2005 book argues that Europeanization and globalization have led to ever-more intensive legalization at transnational level. What accounts for compliance beyond the nation-state? The authors tackle this question by comparing compliance with regulations that have been formulated in a very similar way at different levels of governance. They test compliance with rules at the national level, at the regional level (EU), and at a global level (WTO), finding that in fact the EU has higher levels of compliance than both international and national rules. The authors argue that this is because the EU has a higher level of legalization, combined with effective monitoring mechanisms and sanctions. In this respect it seems that the European Union has indeed achieved a high level of legalization and compliance, though the authors add that this achievement does not settle the related queries with the legitimacy of transnational governance and law.
Download or read book Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform written by Vernon JC Rive and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This much-needed book provides an empirically-grounded, and theoretically informed account of international law sources, mechanisms, initiatives and institutions which address and affect the practice of subsidising fossil fuel consumption and production. Drawing on recent scholarship on emerging international governance mechanisms, ‘informal’ international law-making and regime interaction, it offers suggestions, and critiques suggestions of others, for how the international law framework could be employed more effectively and appropriately to respond to environmentally and fiscally harmful fossil fuel subsidies.
Download or read book The Elgar Companion to the World Trade Organization written by Julien Chaisse and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 951 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Companion provides an extensive guide to understanding the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its impact on the global economy. Addressing the challenges facing the WTO amidst a rapidly evolving landscape, the book delves into the diverse trade policies of countries and regions, providing rare insights into their impact on the global trade governance frameworks.
Download or read book Identity Rights and Constitutional Transformation written by Patrick J. Hanafin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999 , this book provides an analysis of the role of constitutional governance from an international and interdisciplinary perspective. The range of disciplines represented in the collection of papers aims to open new perspectives on topics that are frequently left to the expert hands of political scientists and layers alone. It reveals scope for the further study of historical, cultural and rhetorical approaches in tandem with traditional approaches. The blend of cross-national experience and comparisons and the fertilisation of one discipline by another should appeal to a wide interdisciplinary audience.
Download or read book Papers Presented at the Expert Consultation on Economic Incentives and Responsible Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers comprise background information and discussion guidelines by the FAO Secretariat; a thorough and exhaustive review of the concepts that have been used to define fishery subsidies; a review of the published assessment of the public sector subsidies to the fishery sector and their impact on trade of fish and fish products and fishery resource sustainability; and a review of methodologies used to assess the trade-distorting impact of subsidies to the fishery sector.
Download or read book Contentious Politics in North America written by J. Ayres and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-04-08 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the only book of its kind devoted to exploring contentious politics from a North American perspective, including protests, social movements, transnational contention, and emergent regional governance processes, between Canadian, U.S. and Mexican state and civil society actors.
Download or read book Social versus Corporate Welfare written by K. Farnsworth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-27 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest myth of modern times is the suggestion that capitalism and corporations do better with less government. The global economic crisis has certainly put paid to this idea. But the massive emergency state bailouts and interventions put in place from 2008 were unique only in their size and scale. Government programmes, designed to meet the needs of business, are not just everyday, they are everywhere and they are essential. Just as social welfare protects citizens from the cradle to the grave, corporate welfare protects and benefits corporations throughout their life course. And yet, in most countries, corporate welfare is hidden and underresearched. Drawing on comparative data from OECD states, this book seeks to shed light on the size, uses and importance of corporate welfareacross variouswelfare regimes.
Download or read book The Market or the Public Domain written by Daniel Drache and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the powerful idea of the return, reconstitution and redeployment of the public domain in a post-Seattle and post-Washington consensus world order, this innovative book is the most forward-looking and comprehensive examination of the need to rethink the tenants of global free trade. In the past two decades, countries have focused on broadening and guaranteeing market access, and as the pendulum swings back for the market, the issue of investing in the public domain becomes a priority. The authors believe that devising new institutions of governance for a globalizing world requires fundamental change nationally and internationally. They argue that new public spaces, places and services are required to strengthen democracy and create sanctuaries in society where the market mechanism cannot reach. The public domain is an incipient concept that enables states to reduce the intrusiveness of markets and at the same time develop a strong national performance to reduce the inequality and social exclusion in an increasingly volatile global economy. This original volume boasts an impressive list of international contributors who have demonstrated innovation and leadership in their fields. It will strongly appeal to advanced students, academics and policy makers involved in the field of global governance and international political economy.
