Download or read book Subsective Gradience in 2nd Participles written by Samirah Aljohani and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Adjectival Can a Participle Be written by Samirah Aljohani and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Most analyses of the English passive (formed with be + V-ed) claim that there is a verbal passive and an adjectival passive. How can the same form express polar opposite meanings? This study of the adjectival passive reconciles the contradiction using Christopher Beedham's aspect analysis of the passive, in which the so-called actional passive (verbal passive) is said to express an action and its resultant state. In the study, the author presented approximately one thousand 2nd participles, mainly from transitive verbs, to three native speaker informants in putative noun phrases such as an accepted practice and putative clauses with un-, such as It is unaccepted, and asked the informants to say if they are grammatical, ungrammatical or borderline. She also interrogated her participles in the British National Corpus for their adjectival properties. In this way, she arrived at five adjective-like properties which a 2nd participle can have. Finally, she put her participles into eight groups, ranging from '0% state, 100% action' to '50% state, 50% action', depending on how many and which of the five adjective like properties they can exhibit. The result is a new gradient scale of adjectival passives"--
Download or read book English Syntax and Argumentation written by Bas Aarts and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook on English syntax aims to give students a thorough grounding in the basics of sentence structure, and at the same time strives to acquaint them with the essentials of syntactic argument. The text is written in a user-friendly style with many 'hands-on' in-text and chapter-final exercises. At the end of each chapter there is a section with suggested further reading material, and there is a bibliography and list of recommended reference works at the end of the book.
Download or read book Syntactic Gradience written by Bas Aarts and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first exhaustive investigation of gradience in syntax, conceived of as grammatical indeterminacy. It looks at gradience in English word classes, phrases, clauses and constructions, and examines how it may be defined and differentiated. Bas Aarts draws on, and reviews, work in psychology, philosophy and language from Aristotle to Chomsky, and writes clearly on a fascinating and important aspect of language and cognition.
Download or read book Diachronic Change in the English Passive written by J. Toyota and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-11-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this coherent historical development of the passive voice in English, the main argument deals not only with the passive per se, but also with its related constructions, which can play vital parts in identifying both functional and structural motivations for creating the passive.
Download or read book English Syntax and Argumentation written by Bas Aarts and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This successful textbook gives students a thorough grounding in the basics of sentence structure and acquaints them with the essentials of syntactic argument. Now updated and expanded, the third edition features an additional chapter on grammatical indeterminacy, a case study on subordinating conjunctions and prepositions, and new exercises.
Download or read book Critical Account of English Syntax written by Keith Brown and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A descriptive and comprehensive account of English syntax and grammarTackling the role of syntactic constructions in text, this companion brings out the connections between syntactic structures and semantics/pragmatics and the function of different clausal structures in written and spoken texts. It also draws attention to variation in standard written English, to the grammatical structures and discourse devices in spoken English, and to ongoing changes in English grammar. It focuses on the concepts of descriptive grammar as extended and refined over the last fifty years.Encyclopedic format gives immediate access the most relevant topicCross-referencing allows students to follow a thread and explore the interrelationships between syntactic structuresInnovative structure of the volume enables lecturers to decide the order in which they wish to discuss topics and to prescribe readingThis is a practical yet flexible reference that you can return to again and again, whether it be for learning, research or teaching.
Download or read book Auxiliary Selection Revisited written by Rolf Kailuweit and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central debate about the description of auxiliary selection concerns the regularity of auxiliary selection from a typological perspective. Thus, studies of auxiliary selection have both stressed the fact that certain recurrent parameters are highly relevant to the description of auxiliary selection, whereas other studies demonstrate significant differences in auxiliary selection systems. By integrating the synchronic and diachronic levels of linguistic description, the papers in the present volume work towards a framework that explains these contradictory findings. They discuss the role of semantic and syntactic constraints in gradient auxiliary selection, address the question of paradigmaticity of the have-be alternation, and shed light on the mechanisms of the gradual historical change from be- to have-selection. The volume thus puts forth a row of innovative theoretical and empirical findings from a wide range of typologically diverse European languages that substantially broaden our knowledge about the mechanisms of auxiliary selection systems.
Download or read book Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics written by Beke Hansen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, Beke Hansen provides an in-depth analysis of variation and change in the expression of modality in second-language varieties of English by adopting an integrated sociolinguistic and corpus-based approach.
Download or read book Nouns and the Morphosyntax Semantics Interface written by Laure Gardelle and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gradience in Grammar written by Gisbert Fanselow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the state of the art in the study of gradience in grammar - the degree to which utterances are acceptable or grammatical, and the relationship between acceptability and grammaticality. Gradience is at the centre of controversial issues in the theory of grammar and the understanding of language. The acceptability of words and sentences may be linked to the frequency of their use and measured on a scale. Among the questions considered in the book are: whether such measures are beyond the scope of a generative grammar or, in other words, whether the factors influencing acceptability are internal or external to grammar; whether observed gradience is a property of the mentally represented grammar or a reflection of variation among speakers; and what gradient phenomena reveal about the relationship between acceptability and grammaticality, and between competence and performance. The book is divided into four parts. Part I seeks to clarify the nature of gradience from the perspectives of phonology, generative syntax, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics. Parts II and III examine issues in phonology and syntax. Part IV considers long wh-movement from different methodological perspectives. The data discussed comes from a wide range of languages and dialects, and includes tone and stress patterns, word order variation, and question formation. Gradience in Grammar will interest linguists concerned with the understanding of syntax, phonology, language acquisition and variation, discourse, and the operations of language within the mind.
Download or read book Synchrony and Diachrony written by Anna Giacalone Ramat and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this volume is on the relation between synchrony and diachrony. It is examined in the light of the most recent theories of language change and linguistic variation. What has traditionally been treated as a dichotomy is now seen rather in terms of a dynamic interface. The contributions to this volume aim at exploring the most adequate tools to describe and understand the manifestations of this dynamic interface. Thorough analyses are offered on hot topics of the current linguistic debate, which are all involved in the analysis of the synchrony-diachrony interface: gradualness of change, synchronic variation and gradience, constructional approaches to grammaticalization, the role of contact-induced transfer in language change, analogy. Case studies are discussed from a variety of languages and dialects including English, Welsh, Latin, Italian and Italian dialects, Dutch, Swedish, German and German dialects, Hungarian. This volume is of great interest to a broad audience within linguistics, including historical linguistics, typology, pragmatics, and areal linguistics.
Download or read book Exploring Interfaces written by Mónica Cabrera and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative exploration of the interface between grammar, meaning and form.
Download or read book Modification written by Marcin Morzycki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible guide to the linguistic semantics of adjectives, adverbs, gradability, vagueness, comparatives, and modification more generally.
Download or read book The semantic transparency of English compound nouns written by Martin Schäfer and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is semantic transparency, why is it important, and which factors play a role in its assessment? This work approaches these questions by investigating English compound nouns. The first part of the book gives an overview of semantic transparency in the analysis of compound nouns, discussing its role in models of morphological processing and differentiating it from related notions. After a chapter on the semantic analysis of complex nominals, it closes with a chapter on previous attempts to model semantic transparency. The second part introduces new empirical work on semantic transparency, introducing two different sets of statistical models for compound transparency. In particular, two semantic factors were explored: the semantic relations holding between compound constituents and the role of different readings of the constituents and the whole compound, operationalized in terms of meaning shifts and in terms of the distribution of specifc readings across constituent families. All semantic annotations used in the book are freely available.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Word written by John R. Taylor and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2015 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The word is central to both naive and expert theories of language. Yet the definition of 'word' remains problematic. The 42 chapters of this Handbook offer a variety of perspectives on this most basic and elusive of linguistic units.
Download or read book The Many Faces of English ing written by Xin Sennrich and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-08-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers a new angle on long-standing questions about the categorial status of English participles and gerunds. The book makes a major point: participles are not verb forms which behave like adjectives, but actually are adjectives, linked with verbs via derivation. It argues that observed differences between participles and adjectives, which in the past have prompted linguists to draw a category distinction between them, are in reality due to the non-prototypical semantics of participles – a feature also found in other types of adjectives, with strikingly identical effects. This analysis then accounts for the word formation of adjectives such as boring, tired, drunk, which has always been mysterious. The book investigates the consequences of this analysis for our understanding of gerunds and V-ing-N compounds. With its comprehensive study of -ing forms, the book calls into question a number of widely-held assumptions – regarding the distinction between derivation and inflection, and the role of semantics in syntactic and morphological analysis. This book is of great interest to researchers and students in linguistics interested in morphology, syntax, semantics, lexical categorisation.
