Download or read book SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION IN A LOW VISIBILITY LOW SALINITY ESTUARY IN NORTH CAROLINA IDENTIFYING TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS BY SONAR AND LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE written by Hilde Speight and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid loss of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) across the globe has prompted state and federal agencies to conduct SAV inventories and develop monitoring programs, which are vital to the conservation and management of ecosystems. Due to advances in optical remote sensing technologies, the distribution and status of SAV in higher salinity, less turbid regions have been better documented than in turbid, low-salinity waters. Hence, much less is known about the status and trends of low-salinity SAV. The objectives of this dissertation were to document SAV abundance, distribution, and temporal variation in Albemarle Sound (AS), so scientists and managers can detect SAV changes through time and develop adequate management strategies. In 2014, I sampled the AS, North Carolina shoreline utilizing a single-beam sonar system. The AS rapid assessment survey (RAS), guided me to identify three large SAV beds (>10 km in length) and smaller intermediate size beds ([greater-than]10 km in length) throughout the Sound, most beds shallower than 2 m. The initial RAS allowed me to establish 10 permanent sentinel sites (SS) in the Sound. The purpose of establishing these sites was to examine SAV's spatial and temporal variation at regional (sound-wide) and local (site) scales at different depths, and to examine intra-annual variation of SAV to determine the optimal SAV sampling time. I sampled the SS for two consecutive years (2015, 2016), in the spring and fall each year. SAV abundance in AS was highly asynchronous sound-wide and by site. The biological surveys were complemented by a social science study that utilized Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) to study SAV stakeholders' perception about SAV and to assess their historical SAV distribution knowledge in western AS. Often, biological surveys do not go far back in time, so historical information (e.g., social surveys, interviews with fishers) can help expand our habitat knowledge beyond data collected during traditional surveys. I carried out open-ended interviews and written surveys with coastal residents, commercial fishers, and fisheries managers. The three groups had unique perspectives about SAV's ecological value and the effect of development on SAV. The LEK historical SAV distribution closely agreed with biological distribution data.
Download or read book The Effects of Salinity Depth and Turbidity on Submerged Aquatic Vegetation SAV Abundance in Eastern North Carolina written by Noah Scott Gwynn and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The state of North Carolina is concerned about the loss of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), which is critical fish and wildlife habitat in low-salinity estuaries. Sentinel sites have been established by the East Carolina University/Albemarle Pamlico National Estuarine Partnership (APNEP) SAV monitoring team at locations where SAV has been observed in historical surveys. Using monitoring data collected from low-salinity sentinel site locations in the Neuse River Estuary (NRE), Pamlico River Estuary (PRE), and Albemarle Sound (AS) from 2015 to 2019, I evaluated the effects of turbidity (measured by Secchi depth), salinity and water depth on SAV abundance (odds of occurrence, percent cover, percent frequency, and dry biomass). The maximum colonization depth of SAV was also analyzed. My goal was to understand what physical factors impact low-salinity SAV survival and growth in North Carolina estuaries by focusing on the three dominant species found (Ruppia maritima, Vallisneria americana, and Zannichellia palustris). Data came from inshore quadrat diver surveys that measured percent cover using 1 m2 quadrats at depths of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 m. Dry biomass abundance was determined by taking core samples along sampling transects. An ensemble data set from North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Modmon, and North Carolina Department of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) data bases) was used to create inverse distance weighted prediction models of Secchi depth and salinity for use in analysis of maximum colonization depth of SAV. SONAR methods included the use of Lowrance single beam 200khz echosounder to measure maximum colonization depth of SAV along 40 transects per sentinel site. Some sentinel sites were omitted from the analyses because they contained no SAV during the monitoring period. I observed that water transparency also called turbidity in this thesis (measured by Secchi depth), salinity, and water depth had significant effects on dominant SAV species with the direction of the association being species dependent. Ruppia maritima odds of occurrence increased with salinity, water depth, and turbidity. Vallisneria americana odds of occurrence showed a negative association with turbidity and salinity but a positive correlation with water depth out to 1 m. Zannichellia palustris odds of occurrence showed no significant effect with turbidity and salinity but was significantly associated with increased water depth. Differences in SAV species salinity and water transparency responses suggest these two factors contribute significantly to the distribution of dominant SAV species. Maximum colonization depth of SAV is greater in sentinel sites with higher Secchi depths, especially when a long-term average Secchi depth is used (ensemble data set). Ruppia maritima has been predicted by my logistic regression model and field observations to be favored in the competition among North Carolina SAV species.
Download or read book The Utility of Digital Globe s WorldView 2 Satellite Data in Mapping Seagrass in North Carolina Estuaries written by Richard W. Curran and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) is a valuable natural resource in North Carolina estuaries. The State's Coastal Habitat Protection Plan (CHPP) has stated a need to monitor SAV coverage over time. Thus, the Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuarine Program (APNEP) SAV Partners has a project underway developing a mapping methodology combining remote sensing and boat-based methods to map SAV. As a partner in the APNEP mapping program, this research investigated the utility of satellite remote sensing in the mapping of SAV in NC estuaries. In particular, the data of DigitalGlobe's WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite launched October 2009 were studied. The WV-2 data are of high spatial resolution (~2x2 m) and 5 visible multi-spectral bands, including a "coastal" band (400-450 nm). One WV-2 image per site was acquired. Three sites were, Jarrett Bay, Blounts Bay, and Sandy Point. Land and deep water (>2 m) pixels were eliminated from each image and subjected to a principal component analysis (PCA), where the first two components were input into the Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Techniques (ISODATA) unsupervised classification. Ground reference points were used to perform an accuracy assessment. At Jarrett Bay, where a continuous SAV bed covered 40%-70% of the study site, results showed an 86.4% classification accuracy in water depths 0.8 m and 40.9% accuracy in water depths 0.8m. At Blounts Bay, where SAV coverage was sparse (0%-10%), classification accuracy was 50% in water depths 0.8 m and remained at 50% in depths 0.8m. The Sandy Point image was deemed unusable due to extensive sun glint. Most misclassifications were due to dark sediment and the sensor's difficulty in detecting small SAV patches (
Download or read book Submerged Aquatic Vegetation written by and published by . This book was released on 2010* with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drowning the North Carolina Coast written by Stanley R. Riggs and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underwater Grasses in Chesapeake Bay Mid Atlantic Coastal Waters written by Peter Wasson Bergstrom and published by University of Maryland Sea Grant Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distribution Patterns of Juvenile Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion Nebulosus and Red Drum Sciaenops Ocellatus Along Shallow Beach Habitats in Pamlico River North Carolina written by J. Phillip Powers and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The association of juvenile spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) and red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) with Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) is well documented. However, their association with other estuarine habitats including shallow (non-vegetated) sandy areas is not well understood. The goal of this project was to evaluate habitat use and distribution of juvenile spotted seatrout and red drum along shallow habitats in Pamlico River, North Carolina. The specific objectives were: 1) to evaluate the spatiotemporal patterns of juvenile spotted seatrout and red drum distribution; 2) to determine the effect of habitat type (SAV, sand, and detritus) on growth and mortality; 3) to determine the accuracy and precision in estimating fish age from otoliths with two methods: polishing and oil immersion; and 4) to distinguish how fish community structure (intraspecific and interspecific networks) may affect the presence of juvenile spotted seatrout and red drum distribution in the fish community. Pamlico River was divided into three 21.6-km strata from Fork Point Island westward, to the mouth of the Pungo River. The three areas were identified as West, Central, and East and each contained six fixed stations. Juvenile spotted seatrout and red drum were collected twice a month with an 18-m beach seine from August through November 2009 and 2010. Three substrate samples at each site were also collected once during the second sampling season. All fish were weighed (nearest 0.01 mg), measured (TL, SL in mm). Size (TL) ranged from 30 to 160 mm TL for spotted seatrout and from 15 to 65 mm TL for red drum. The West area of Pamlico River had the highest abundance of juvenile spotted seatrout and the Central had the highest abundance of juvenile red drum. Juvenile spotted seatrout hatch dates were most frequent in June, while juvenile red drum were most frequent during August. Red drum were mostly associated with detritus (52%) compared to sand (20%) or SAV (28%), whereas spotted seatrout were primarily associated with SAV (57%). Furthermore, instantaneous growth of spotted seatrout and red drum did not differ among habitats. Results of this study show how a euryhaline environment and habitat type could potentially influence fish distribution patterns. Results herein will support the development and updating of a fishery management plan for spotted seatrout and red drum in North Carolina.
Download or read book A Comprehensive Estuarine Program for the State of North Carolina written by North Carolina. Estuarine Study Committee and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SAVE Currituck Sound Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Evaluation in Currituck Sound NC written by Natasha Biarrieta and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subsea Optics and Imaging written by John Watson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of optical methodology, instrumentation and photonics devices for imaging, vision and optical sensing is of increasing importance in understanding our marine environment. Subsea optics can make an important contribution to the protection and sustainable management of ocean resources and contribute to monitoring the response of marine systems to climate change. This important book provides an authoritative review of key principles, technologies and their applications. The book is divided into three parts. The first part provides a general introduction to the key concepts in subsea optics and imaging, imaging technologies and the development of ocean optics and colour analysis. Part two reviews the use of subsea optics in environmental analysis. An introduction to the concepts of underwater light fields is followed by an overview of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and an assessment of nutrients in the water column. This section concludes with discussions of the properties of subsea bioluminescence, harmful algal blooms and their impact and finally an outline of optical techniques for studying suspended sediments, turbulence and mixing in the marine environment. Part three reviews subsea optical systems technologies. A general overview of imaging and visualisation using conventional photography and video leads onto advanced techniques like digital holography, laser line-scanning and range-gated imaging as well as their use in controlled observation platforms or global observation networks. This section also outlines techniques like Raman spectroscopy, hyperspectral sensing and imaging, laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and particle image velocimetry (PIV), optical fibre sensing and LIDAR systems. Finally, a chapter on fluorescence methodologies brings the volume to a close. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Subsea optics and imaging is a standard reference for those researching, developing and using subsea optical technologies as well as environmental scientists and agencies concerned with monitoring the marine environment. Provides an authoritative review of key principles, technologies and their applications Outlines the key concepts in subsea optics and imaging, imaging technologies and the development of ocean optics and colour analysis Reviews the properties of subsea bioluminescence, harmful algal blooms and their impact
Download or read book European Seagrasses written by Jens Borum and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the report project is to define the habitat requirements of seagrasses in the European coasts, the present threats to the sustainability of the ecosystem they form, and their resilience to disturbance in order to strengthen our forecast capacity and formulate cost-effective monitoring plans and management strategies.
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies for Coastal Ecosystem Assessment and Management written by Xiaojun Yang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-11 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this landmark publication, leading experts detail how remote sensing and related geospatial technologies can be used for coastal ecosystem assessment and management. This book is divided into three major parts. In the first part several conceptual and technical issues of applying remote sensing and geospatial technologies in the coastal environment are examined. The second part showcases some of the latest developments in the use of remote sensing and geospatial technologies when characterizing coastal waters, submerged aquatic vegetation, benthic habitats, shorelines, coastal wetlands and watersheds. Finally, the last part demonstrates a watershed-wide synthetic approach that links upstream stressors with downstream responses for integrated coastal ecosystem assessment and management.
Download or read book Interactions in the Marine Benthos written by Stephen J. Hawkins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of how abiotic and biotic interactions shape patterns of coastal marine biodiversity and ecosystem processes globally.
Download or read book Managing Seagrasses for Resilience to Climate Change written by Mats Björk and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2008-03 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seagrasses are flowering plants that thrive in shallow oceanic and estuarine waters around the world. Although there are only about 60 species of seagrasses worldwide, these plants play an important role in many shallow, near-shore, marine ecosystems. There is growing evidence that seagrasses are declining globally because of anthropogenic impacts. This paper presents an overview of seagrasses, the impacts of climate change, and other threats to seagrass habitats. Finally, it proposes tools and strategies for managers to help support seagrass resilience.
Download or read book Wetland Techniques written by James T. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands serve many important functions and provide numerous ecological services such as clean water, wildlife habitat, nutrient reduction, and flood control. Wetland science is a relatively young discipline but is a rapidly growing field due to an enhanced understanding of the importance of wetlands and the numerous laws and policies that have been developed to protect these areas. This growth is demonstrated by the creation and growth of the Society of Wetland Scientists which was formed in 1980 and now has a membership of 3,500 people. It is also illustrated by the existence of 2 journals (Wetlands and Wetlands Ecology and Management) devoted entirely to wetlands. To date there has been no practical, comprehensive techniques book centered on wetlands, and written for wetland researchers, students, and managers. This techniques book aims to fill that gap. It is designed to provide an overview of the various methods that have been used or developed by researchers and practitioners to study, monitor, manage, or create wetlands. Including many methods usually found only in the peer-reviewed or gray literature, this 3-volume set fills a major niche for all professionals dealing with wetlands.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Coastal Science written by M. Schwartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-08 with total page 1243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Encyclopedia of Coastal Science stands as the latest authoritative source in the field of coastal studies, making it the standard reference work for specialists and the interested lay person. Unique in its interdisciplinary approach. This Encyclopedia features contributions by 245 well-known international specialists in their respective fields and is abundantly illustrated with line-drawings and photographs. Not only does this volume offer an extensive number of entries, it also includes various appendices, an illustrated glossary of coastal morphology and extensive bibliographic listings.
Download or read book Wetland Techniques written by James T. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands serve many important functions and provide numerous ecological services such as clean water, wildlife habitat, nutrient reduction, and flood control. Wetland science is a relatively young discipline but is a rapidly growing field due to an enhanced understanding of the importance of wetlands and the numerous laws and policies that have been developed to protect these areas. This growth is demonstrated by the creation and growth of the Society of Wetland Scientists which was formed in 1980 and now has a membership of 3,500 people. It is also illustrated by the existence of 2 journals (Wetlands and Wetlands Ecology and Management) devoted entirely to wetlands. To date there has been no practical, comprehensive techniques book centered on wetlands, and written for wetland researchers, students, and managers. This techniques book aims to fill that gap. It is designed to provide an overview of the various methods that have been used or developed by researchers and practitioners to study, monitor, manage, or create wetlands. Including many methods usually found only in the peer-reviewed or gray literature, this 3-volume set fills a major niche for all professionals dealing with wetlands.
