Download or read book Sub Saharan Africa U S National Interests written by Anthony D. Marley and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-06 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four articles include: U.S. national interests in Sub-Saharan Africa; a military model for conflict resolution in Sub-Saharan Africa; phantom warriors: disease as a threat to U.S. national security; and military downsizing in the developing world: process, problems, and possibilities. Also includes a 24-page report, "U.S. Security Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa" (1995).

Download or read book National Interests and Strategy Sub Saharan Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War and dissolution of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact caused the United States and its allies to reevaluate its national interests and strategy in and toward the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. This paper examines the past US strategy toward Africa and develops a strategy for the future. Although there are many ways to develop a national strategy, this paper will concentrate on identifying US national interests, reviewing the strategic context and trends in the region, and identifying the threats and opportunities critical to our national interest. We will recommend US policy objectives and the tools of statecraft most likely to achieve those objectives and achieve our national interests. Since the retreat of European colonialism from Africa and the establishment of over 40 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the people of Africa have suffered through famine, pestilence, disease, and countless wars with an appalling loss of life. More important, Africa was yet another battlefield of the Cold War. Both the East and West vied for power and influence across the African continent From US-Soviet competition for influence in Ethiopia to international intervention in Angola, African nations served as the intellectual, cultural, and sometimes physical battleground of the Cold War.

Download or read book United States Africa Security Relations written by Kelechi A. Kalu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States-Africa relations have experienced four major cycles. The first cycle was during the Cold War(1960-1990). During this period, the U.S. developed a one-sided relationship with various African states in which the latter served as "foot soldiers" for the U.S. in its competition with the Soviet Union for global domination. Among other things, the various client African states provided the U.S. with access to airfields, deep water ports and sites for the establishment of various intelligence gathering facilities. In addition, the U.S. used various groups like UNITA led by Jonas Savimbi in Angola to undermine and fight pro-Soviet regimes on the continent. The second cycle of the relationship covered the period 1991-1998. During this time, the U.S. scaled down its security activities in Africa. The major reason was that with the end of the Cold War Africa(with few exceptions like Egypt) was no longer a major front for the promotion of U.S. Security interests. The third cycle commenced in 1998 and ended in 2001. This period was characterized by the U.S.’ search for an approach to frame its security relations with Africa. In this vein, the U.S. undertook various military-security initiatives . The fourth cycle began after the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the American homeland. Since then, the U.S. has expanded the scope of its security relations with Africa, as reflected in the establishment of various initiatives and programs. At the core is the prosecution of the American "war on terror." Against this backdrop, this book examines some of the major dimensions of the U.S.’ security relations with Africa, including American security interests on the continent, the "war on terror," AFRICOM, and military cooperation. Using the book’s integrative theoretical framework, each of the chapters in the volume examines the various factors that shape the issue of focus.

Download or read book Africa and U S National Interests written by Frances K. Scott and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uncharted Paths Uncertain Vision written by Dan Henk and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few regions have seen more tragedy in the post-Cold War worlds than parts of sub-Saharan Africa, a region remarkable for the number of external military interventions in the 199Os. The United States has conducted a wide variety of military involvements in the region over the past decade. While humanitarian relief and peace operations have generated the most publicity, other more routine military relationships and activities are of far greater long-term significance. Taken as a whole, U.S. policy in Africa tends to be reactive rather than proactive. This severely undermines its ability to protect the nation's regional interests. Unwillingness to attenuate regional problems in the their early stages leads to expensive crisis interventions. More effective use of military involvements would entail greater effort to shape the regional security environment. In order to improve the value of its African military involvements, the United States should, among other things, develop a coherent "National Security Strategy for Africa," create a unified command (or "sub" command) with sole responsibility for the region and develop mechanisms for objectively measuring the value (to U.S. regional interests) of specific nation assistance programs.

Download or read book Contemporary Issues and U S National Security Interests in Africa South of the Sahara written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book U S Foreign Policy in Sub Saharan Africa written by Robert M. Price and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Armies and Democracy in the New Africa Lessons from Nigeria and South Africa written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Post Apartheid South Africa and United States National Security written by Edwin Cochran and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of continued engagement with post-apartheid South Africa to United States national security. It is based on the realist premise that the U.S. has limited national interests in Sub-Saharan Africa which would be best served by a regional security strategy explicitly predicated on engagement with South Africa. The paper is presented in six chapters. Chapter One places South Africa in regional perspective as Sub-Saharan Africa's pivotal state through an analysis of its political, economic, and military dimensions of national power. Chapter Two describes U.S. national interests in Sub-Saharan Africa. These interests -- South Africa's transition to democracy, continued U.S. access to strategic minerals, the security of U.S. economic interests, and the security of sea lines of communication -- focus on South Africa and the Southern African sub-region. Chapter Three provides an analysis of the Sub-Saharan African strategic environment. South Africa offers the United States the greatest opportunity for meaningful engagement in a strategic environment which is generally characterized by dysfunctional political and economic regimes and their attendant social conditions. Chapter Four describes the emergence of a U.S. policy for Sub-Saharan Africa which implicitly recognizes South Africa as the region's pivotal state. Chapter Five is a critical analysis of U.S. regional strategy for Sub- Saharan Africa. This chapter demonstrates that there are significant discontinuities in U.S. policy and strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa. In effect, the U.S. lacks a comprehensive strategy for Sub- Saharan Africa; there are only a group of loosely coordinated political, economic, security, and informational policy initiatives which provide the semblance, but not the substance of a regional strategy.

Download or read book Africa Command U S Strategic Interests and the Role of the U S Military in Africa written by Lauren Ploch and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Feb. 6, 2007, the Bush Admin. announced the creation of a new unified combatant command, U.S. Africa Command or AFRICOM, to promote U.S. national security objectives in Africa and its surrounding waters. Prior to AFRICOM¿s establishment, U.S. military involvement on the continent was divided among 3 commands: European Command, Central Command, and Pacific Command. The new command¿s area of responsibility includes all African countries except Egypt. Contents of this report: (1) Issues for Congress; (2) The DoD Proposal for a New Africa Command; (3) U.S. Strategic Interests in Africa; (4) U.S. Mil. Assistance and Security Cooperation in Africa: An Expanding Role; (5) Regional Perspectives; (6) Congressional Interest and Oversight Issues.

Download or read book The United States and the Transformation of African Security written by Dan Henk and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the U.S. military has not been heavily involved in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since the end of the Cold War, though, this has begun to change. U.S. forces have supported several humanitarian relief and evacuation operations associated with African conflicts. They have also conducted numerous "engagement" activities aimed at assisting African states and their militaries during the transition to democracy. But Africa remains a region where U.S. national security interests must be promoted with limited resources. This makes a sophisticated and coherent strategy vitally important. Helping Africans develop a capability to avoid or solve their region's security problems has reemerged recently as an important goal of American strategy, and the African Crisis Response Initiative (ACRI) is its centerpiece. Based on their testimony presented to the Africa Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on International Relations, this study by Dr. Steven Metz and Colonel Dan Henk of the U.S. Army War College examines the ACRI. Significantly, it does so by placing the ACRI in a wider, long-term strategic context.

Download or read book The United States and the Transformation of African Security written by Daniel W. Henk and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-05 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the U.S. military has not been heavily involved in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since the end of the Cold War, though, this has begun to change. U.S. forces have supported several humanitarian relief and evacuation operations associated with African conflicts. They have also conducted numerous "engagement" activities aimed at assisting African states and their militaries during the transition to democracy. But Africa remains a region where U.S. national security interests must be promoted with limited resources. This makes a sophisticated and coherent strategy vitally important. Helping Africans develop a capability to avoid or solve their region's security problems has reemerged recently as an important goal of American strategy, and the African Crisis Response Initiative (ACRI) is its centerpiece. Based on their testimony presented to the Africa Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on International Relations, this study by Dr. Steven Metz and Colonel Dan Henk of the U.S. Army War College examines the ACRI. Significantly, it does so by placing the ACRI in a wider, long-term strategic context.In general, the African security environment is one in which traditional methods of analysis that stress nationstates and national interests must be modified. Nonstate factors, actors, and considerations are as important as national interests. Foreign policy and national security strategy in African states tend to be associated with a regime, group, or individual leader more than a nation as a whole. They are often designed to augment or preserve the power of an individual and his clients rather than promote what western scholars would see as true national interests. And a change of leadership sometimes brings a fundamental change in foreign policy and national security strategy. Personal ties and friendships as well as regional, ethnic, and religious considerations help define strategic interests, objectives, and partners. Because African foreign policy and national security strategy, like African politics in general, are imbued with flexibility and personalization, they tend to be dominated by informal methods and procedures. Shifting coalitions dominate rather than formal alliances. Consensus-building among the powerful-a traditional political technique in much of Africa-is an important part of the regional security system. This emphasis on individuals and consensusbuilding rather than the application of power resources through formal structures means that consultations are a vital element in the African regional security environment. Such consultations can occur in a variety of traditional and nontraditional fora. Any actor seeking to shape the environment must be adept at recognizing the available fora, organizing consultation, and building consensus.

Download or read book Sub Saharan Africa Pragmatism in the National Interest written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: US foreign policy is based on an assessment of our interests and the amount of resources available. One category of interests - national interests - are truly vital in that the consequences of a policy failure could effect our territorial integrity, economic survival or our way of life. Another category - those areas of concern in the national interest - is less important. Successful policies here might enhance our prosperity or prestige. but the consequences of failure would not be great. Current conditions in Africa place US interests in the second category. Given the many vital US interests in other parts of the globe, the amount of resources available to support the US role in Africa is limited. Based on this assessment, foreign policymakers need to develop a more pragmatic approach towards Africa that will best apply the limited US resources available in order to maximize U S interests there.

Download or read book Our Common Strategic Interests written by Tom Cargill and published by Chatham House Report. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cargill argues that Western governments must engage with Africa in more than humanitarian terms if they do not want to lose global influence and trade advantage as China, Turkey, South Korea, and Brazil deepen their ties with African states.

Download or read book WHY AFRICA MATTERS TO US NATIONAL SECURITY written by Grant T. Harris and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Africa U S Foreign Assistance Issues written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. aid to Africa initially reached a peak in 1985, when global competition with the Soviet Union was at a high point. After the cold war ended, security assistance levels for Africa began to decline. In 1995, at the outset of the 104th Congress, substantial reductions in aid to Africa had been anticipated, as many questioned the importance of Africa to U.S. national security interests in the post-cold war era. As the debate went forward, however, congressional reports and bills emphasized U.S. humanitarian, economic, and other interests in Africa. Aid levels did fall, but gradually began to increase again in FY1997. U.S. assistance to Africa is reaching new highs due to a significant increase in health care sectors under the Global Health and Child Survival (GHCS) program. U.S. aid to Africa nearly quadrupled from $1.2 billion in FY2006 to $6.7 billion in FY2010. Moreover, the United States is the leading donor of humanitarian assistance to Africa. Between FY1999 and FY2009, the United States provided over $10.1 billion to East and Central African countries and an estimated $2.2 billion to Southern Africa countries.

Download or read book Russian Interests in Sub Saharan Africa written by Keir Giles and published by Army War College Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An apparent lack of interest by Russia in Sub-Saharan Africa over recent years masks persistent key strategic drivers for Moscow to re-establish lost influence in the region. A preoccupation with more immediate foreign policy concerns has temporarily interrupted a process of Russia reclaiming relationships that were well-developed in the Soviet period in order to secure access to mineral and energy resources which are crucial to Russia's economic and industrial interests, as well as both existing and new markets for military arms contracts. Russian policy priorities in Africa provide both challenges and opportunities for the U.S. in fields such as nuclear nonproliferation, as well as energy security for the United States and its European allies. Russian development of key resources in southern Africa should be observed closely. Russian trade with the region is significantly underdeveloped, with the exception of the arms trade, which Russia can be expected to defend vigorously if its markets are challenged, including by the prospect of regime change or international sanctions. At the same time, Russia and the United States have a shared interest in restricting the freedom of movement of terrorist organizations in ungoverned or lightly governed spaces in Africa, which opens potential for cooperation between AFRICOM initiatives and Russian presence in the region. Russian diplomatic and economic activity in southern Africa should receive continuing attention from U.S. policymakers due to its direct relevance to a number of U.S. strategic concerns.