Download or read book Study the Effect of Soil Moisture Regimes Nitrogen Levels and Plant Population on Growth Yield Nutrient Uptake and Moisture Use by HB 1 and Their Effect on Wheat written by Azad Singh Malik and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Advances on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crop Plants and Climatic Challenges written by Hamada AbdElgawad and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-08-25 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen (N) is a mineral nutrient that is essential for the normal growth and development of plants that is required in the highest quantity. It is an element of nucleic acids, proteins, and photosynthetic metabolites, therefore crucial for crop growth and metabolic processes. Recently, it was estimated that N fertilizers could meet the 48% demand of the world’s population. However, overuse and misuse of N fertilizers raised environmental concerns associated with N losses by nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, ammonia (NH3) volatilization, and nitrate (NO3−) leaching. For instance, NH3 is a pollutant in the atmosphere, N2O is a greenhouse gas that has a warming potential 298 times higher than CO2 and contributes to ozone depletion, and NO3− causes eutrophication of water bodies. Agricultural practices account for about 90% of NH3 and 70% of N2O anthropogenic emissions worldwide. The efficient use of N chemical fertilizers can be attained through cultural and agronomic practices. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important trait that has been studied for decades in different crops. The grain production or economic return from the per unit supply of N fertilizer simply explained the NUE. Several definitions were suggested by different researchers. NUE can be defined as the product of N uptake efficiency (NUpE) and N utilization efficiency (NUtE). An increase in NUE increases the yield, biomass, quality, and quantity of crops. N is generally applied as chemical fertilizer to the soil, whereas a small amount is added to some crops like grain legumes through the fixation process. On the other hand, crop plants take N through the root system in the form of nitrate or ammonium which is thereby used in different metabolic processes. A number of studies have been conducted to increase the NUE in different crops and it has been indicated that NUE can be improved by agronomic, physiological, biochemical, breeding as well as molecular approaches. Nitrogen is the main limiting nutrient after carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen for the photosynthetic process, phyto-hormonal and proteomic changes, and the growth-development of plants to complete their lifecycle. Excessive and inefficient use of N fertilizer results in enhanced crop production costs and atmospheric pollution. Atmospheric nitrogen (71%) in the molecular form is not available for the plants. For the world's sustainable food production and atmospheric benefits, there is an urgent need to upgrade nitrogen use efficiency in the agricultural farming system. Nitrogen losses are too high, due to excess amount, low plant population, poor application methods, etc., which can go up to 70% of total available nitrogen. These losses can be minimized up to 15–30% by adopting improved agronomic approaches such as optimal dosage of nitrogen, application of N by using canopy sensors, maintaining plant population, drip fertigation, and legume-based intercropping. Therefore, the major concern of modern days is to save economic resources without sacrificing farm yield as well as the safety of the global environment, i.e. greenhouse gas emissions, ammonium volatilization, and nitrate leaching.
Download or read book Indian National Agricultural Bibliography 1975 84 written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Conditions and Plant Growth written by Edward John Russell and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-10 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Soil Moisture and Soil Temperature Upon the Availability of Plant Food written by James Oscar Morgan and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship of Soil Moisture and Porosity to Cultural Practices and Nitrogen Level and Their Effect on Growth and Yield of Cotton and Tobacco written by David Dickinson Mason and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil conditions and plant growth written by Sir Edward John Russell and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Responses and Control of Water Balance written by T.T. Kozlowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Deficits and Plant Growth, Volume III: Plant Responses and Control of Water Balance focuses on the influence of water deficits on shrinkage of plant tissues, seed germination, reproductive growth, and internal plant responses such as protoplasmic resistance to desiccation, enzymatic activity, nitrogen metabolism, hormonal relations, and mineral nutrition. This book also considers alleviation and control of water deficits in plants. This volume is organized into 10 chapters and begins with an overview of shrinkage and swelling in plant tissues and their biological implications, along with some basic aspects of seed germination and environmental factors affecting germination as well as its relation to soil moisture. The discussion then shifts to the impact of water deficits on growth of fruits at different stages of development, from flowering to fruit ripening, and the ability of the protoplasm to survive a serious reduction in water content (known as protoplasmic resistance). The following chapters explore the effects of water deficits on enzyme activity, nutrient availability, nitrogen metabolism, and hormonal distribution in plants. This book also looks at transpiration in plants and how to reduce it, and then concludes with a chapter on soil water conservation as a problem of management of available water resources in the context of agriculture. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and investigators in fields such as botany, plant pathology, forestry, and agriculture.
Download or read book Principles Of Agronomy written by S. R. Reddy and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Soil Moisture on the Growth and Yield of Vegetable Crops written by J. F. Bierhuizen and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From soil to seed micronutrient movement into and within the plant written by Raul Antonio Sperotto and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-11-19 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In all living organisms, essential micronutrients are cofactors of many ubiquitous proteins that participate in crucial metabolic pathways, but can also be toxic when present in excessive concentrations. In order to achieve correct homeostasis, plants need to control uptake of metals from the environment, their distribution to organs and tissues, and their subcellular compartmentalization. They also have to avoid deleterious accumulation of metals and metalloids such as Cd, As and Al. These multiple steps are controlled by their transport across various membrane structures and their storage in different organelles. Thus, integration of these transport systems required for micronutrient trafficking within the plant is necessary for physiological processes to work efficiently. To cope with the variable availability of micronutrients, plants have evolved an intricate collection of physiological and developmental processes, which are under tight control of short- and long-range signaling pathways. Understanding how plants perceive and deal with different micronutrient concentrations, from regulation to active transport, is important to completing the puzzle of plant metal homeostasis. This is an essential area of research, with several implications for plant biology, agriculture and human nutrition. There is a rising interest in developing plants that efficiently mobilize specific metals and prosper in soils with limited micronutrient availability, as well as those that can selectively accumulate beneficial micronutrients in the edible parts while avoiding contaminants such as Cd and As. However, there is still an important gap in our understanding of how nutrients reach the seeds and the relative contribution of each step in the long pathway from the rhizosphere to the seed. Possible rate-limiting steps for micronutrient accumulation in grains should be the primary targets of biotechnological interventions aiming at biofortification. Over the last 10 years, many micronutrient uptake- and transport-related processes have been identified at the molecular and physiological level. The systematic search for mutants and transcriptional responses has allowed analysis of micronutrient-signaling pathways at the cellular level, whereas physiological approaches have been particularly useful in describing micronutrient-signaling processes at the organ and whole-plant level. Large-scale elemental profiling using high-throughput analytical methodologies and their integration with both bioinformatics and genetic tools, along with metal speciation, have been used to decipher the functions of genes that control micronutrients homeostasis. In this research topic, we will follow the pathway of metal movement from the soil to the seed and describe the suggested roles of identified gene products in an effort to understand how plants acquire micronutrients from the soil, how they partition among different tissues and subcellular organelles, and how they regulate their deficiency and overload responses. We also highlight the current work on heavy metals and metalloids uptake and accumulation, the studies on metal selectivity in transporters and the cross-talk between micro and macronutrients. Thus, we believe a continued dialogue and sharing of ideas amongst plant scientists is critical to a better understanding of metal movement into and within the plant.
Download or read book Plant Growth written by J. R. Porter and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1991-07-26 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts of nutrition in relation to cellular process and environment; Nutrient compartmentation in cells and its relevance to the nutrition of the whole plant; Nutrients and photosynthesis: iron and phosphorus as case studies; The comparative ecophysiology of plant nitrogen metabolism; Concepts of nutritional and environmental interactions determining plant productivity; Plant-soil relationship: acquisition of mineral nutrients by roots from soils; Ecophysiological aspects of nutrition; Strategies for optimising growth in response to nutrient supply; Pollution, nutrition and plant function; The role of nitrogen in yeld formation and achievement of quality standards in cereals; nutrition, environment and plant ecology: an overview.
