Download or read book Study on the Separation of Water and Oil Emulsions Induced by High Power EM Field Exposure in the ISM Frequency Bands written by Jan Vrba and published by . This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Demulsification of Water in crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by R. Sothilakshmi Rajanderan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The traditional ways of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this study, an alternative and cost effective technology for high frequency energy separation of oil emulsions has developed. The potentials of microwave technology in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions are investigated. After exposing the emulsion to the microwave electromagnetic (EM) field, molecular rotation, and ionic conduction due to the penetration of EM into the emulsion are responsible for the internal heating. In this study, microwave demulsification was applied in a 50-50 %, 30-70 % and 10-90 % water-in-oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 20-200 sec. The temperature rise at a given location was almost horizontal (linear). The average rates of temperature increase of 50-50 %, 30-70 % and 10-90 % water-in-oil emulsion are 1.042, 0.582 and 0.218 oC/sec, respectively. The rate of temperature increase of emulsions decreased at higher temperature due to decreasing dielectric loss of water. Viscosity increases with amount of surfactant used, whereas, viscosity and shear stress decreases as temperature and rpm increased.
Download or read book Demulsification of Water in crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Seng Tatt Hoo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional methods to separate water-in-crude oil emulsions like chemical demulsifiers are not environmentally-friendly, slow, separation not efficient, not cost effective and consume space for separation. The potentials of microwave energy in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were investigated. In this study, stability tests, gravity settling, microwave heating and microwave separation were studied. Microwave demulsification was applied in 50/50 and 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 120-180 seconds. As the sludge is heated, viscosity is lowered, and rapid coalescence of liquid phases takes place. Once the liquid phases coalesce, separation occurs through natural gravity. No chemicals are needed to force separation. Three different parameters were being investigated on the effect of separation namely volume ratio of water-in-oil emulsions, different emulsifiers and power generations of microwave. The four emulsifiers used were SDDS, Span 83, Triton X-100 and Tween 80. The power generations were 360 and 540 watts respectively. 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsion was the most stable among two volume ratios. Newtonian fluid was determined from stability tests. Viscosity decreased, shear stress increased and shear rate increased over rpm. Surface and interfacial tensions were determined. Water and oil separation efficiencies via gravity settling were low. Volumetric heat generation rate of microwave was high. Water and oil separation efficiencies of microwave were more efficient than gravity settling. Microwave causes molecular rotation and ionic conduction thus fast heating.
Download or read book A Theoretical Study of the Electrostatic Coalescence of Water in oil Emulsions written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The co-production of water with oil in enhanced oil recovery or in thermal in-situ recovery of heavy oil and bitumen can create water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion droplets, an undesirable byproduct giving rise to problems of transport, corrosion and removal of water from the oil. W/O emulsions are not easily broken chemically, but can be coalesced using high voltage a.c. or d.c. or pulsating electric fields. This report investigates theoretically the electrostatic interaction of two charged W/O emusion droplets at arbitrary separation and under the influence of an applied uniform electric field. The potential distribution in the oil medium surrounding the two spheres is first determined in terms of bipolar coordinates, then the electrostatic interaction is obtained in two stages. The additional energy of interaction due to charges on the droplet are determined by means of a standard charging process. The distortion of a spherical W/O droplet to a spheroid on application of an electric field is also determined.
Download or read book The Formation of Oil field Emulsions written by D. B. Dow and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emulsions written by Johan Sjöblom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Bergen, Norway, June 24-25, 1991
Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Ser Er Chang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhancement of separation process involving liquid-liquid or solid-liquid can be achieved using microwave irradiation technology. The traditional ways of breaking emulsions include heating and chemical are disadvantageous both from economic and environmental perspectives. In this thesis, the microwave potentials in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions are investigated. The study began with some characterization of w/o emulsions such as formation, formulation, stabilization and breaking of emulsions to provide fundamental understanding of crude oil emulsions. The aim was to obtain optimized operating conditions as well as fundamental understanding of water-in-oil emulsions, upon which further developments on demulsification processes can be developed. The stability studies were carried out by analyzing operating condition such as stirring time, surfactant concentration, temperature, water-oil ratios (50-50% and 20-80%) and agitation speed (500rpm,1000rpm and 1500rpm). Four emulsifiers namely: Span 80, Span 83, Cocamide MEA and Triton X-100 were used for w/o stabilizations. It was found that they exist a correlations between these factors and emulsion stability. For microwave power applied (720 watts, 540 watts and 360 watts), it conclude that the microwave power was proportional to the volume rate of heat generation and rate of temperature increase. Results show that microwave radiation can enhance the demulsification rate by order of magnitude. The result obtained in this study has exposed the capability of microwave technology in demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions. Further work is nevertheless required to provide deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of optimum system applicable to the industries.
Download or read book A Study of California Oil field Emulsions written by Mahmood Abozeid and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process Intensification in the Demulsification of Water in crude Oil Emulsions Via Crossflow Microfiltration Through a Hydrophilic PolyHIPE Polymer PHP written by Abdelmalik Milad Shakorfow and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions written by Souleyman Ahmat Issaka and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although emulsions are very useful and desired products in cosmetic, food and soft drink industries, yet they are considered as troublesome and undesired product in petroleum industries wherein; they eventually need to be broken into pure oil and water. The current demulsification techniques that consist of mainly chemicals together with mechanical, heating and electrical methods are not very good, since chemical for instance are costly and harmful to the environment, mechanical techniques such as gravity settling tank, hydrocyclone vessel, centrifugal separators, and steam stripping are large requiring more space and cost, electrical techniques almost always work in a very high voltage that can easily cause fire via short circuit, the objective of this project is to assess the effectiveness of some other integrated techniques that have not being fully developed, namely microwave and ultrasonic techniques integrated with chemicals for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the chemical demusifiers, another objective of the current project is also to formulate a stable emulsion that resemble the natural emulsion, this in turn generated another interesting objective of decolorizing the crude oil for microscopic droplet size analysis of heavy oil. A massive screening was carried out to fix the optimal parameters in making a stable w/o emulsios these including stirring intensity, emulsifiers' types and concentration and water volume fraction, the results showed that the optimal parameters to produce w/o emulsions were 0.25% (v/v) emulsifiers concentration (Span 80) with mixing speed of 1600 rpm for 7 minutes. From the demulsification process it was observed that when chemical assisted microwave was used a demulsifiers' concentration of 0.1% with two minutes irradiation time gave the best separation efficiency for 50-50% w/o emulsions, while for 20-80 % w/o emulsions; 0.05% demulsifiers concentration and 3.5 minutes irradiation time gave the best water separation of 60%. Chemical assisted ultrasonic also was found to be very effective, when emulsions were sonicated with 0.7% (v/v) of demulsifiers. Hence ultrasonic-chemical integrated system gave the highest separation rate for water-in-crude oil emulsions which reached 97% at power level of 3, compare to microwave-chemical integrated system which gave maximum separation efficiency of 87% at the aforementioned concentration of 0.1%. However when the demulsifiers were increased to 0.7% microwave had given a maximum separation of 96%, Microwave also was tested in some other real industrial emulsions namely Slop oil emulsion and waste coolant emulsion and gave very high separation as expected. Fundamentally the basic mechanism behind the effectiveness of microwave demulsification is that the electromagnetic wave that induce the water molecules to move as trying to rearrange themselves with the wave in two distinct mechanisms known as ionic conduction and dipole rotation that would eventually convert the wave energy into heat generated within the water molecules, while for ultrasonic demulsification it is normally governed by the pressure exerted by the sound wave on the droplets as they travel through the emulsion medium, hence the compression refraction form of the wave motion would make the suspended water droplet to aggregate on the nodes and coalesce.
Download or read book Emulsion Breaking by Combined Electrostatic and Centrifugal Fields written by Martin Watson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An In Depth Guide to Oil In Water Emulsions written by Carlos Bravo Diaz and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "When oil is dispersed in the form of droplets in water in the presence of a suitable surfactant, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are formed. They have unique chemical properties covering a wide range of applications from environmental technologies to foodstuffs. In this book, authors discuss the preparation of O/W emulsions and their implications in environmental and food problems, covering hot topics including the composition and spill behavior of diluted bitumens, the use of O/W emulsions as platforms for the synthesis of waterborne particles, new methods to separate oil from water in oily wastewater, emerging technologies for the preparation of O/W emulsions, control of the oxidative status of lipids in oil by employing antioxidants to minimize lipid oxidation, parameters affecting O/W microbial stability and environmental issues and evaluation of interfacial barriers created by emulsifiers"--
Download or read book Vibrational Sum frequency Scattering Studies of Oil in water Emulsions written by Hilton Barbosa de Aguiar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology written by Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional method of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantages from both economic and environmental aspects. Hence, the alternative method and environmental friendly are needed to alter efficiency for destabilization of crude oil emulsion. One of the alternatives that can be used to replace the existance chemical which is not enviromental friendly is by using microwave assisted ultrasonic technologies which create very high energy to break the presence of water in the crude oil. In this study, microwave assisted ultrasonic demulsification was applied in a 20-80 % and 50-50 % water-in-oil emulsions. The effectiveness of microwave assisted ultrasonic in demulsification was assessed experimentally with two different power of microwave which are 450 Watt and 600 Watt, and two different power of ultrasonic which are 3 and 9. A commercial emulsifiers used were Triton X-100, Low Sulphur Wax Residue (LSWR) and Span 83. The separation of water from crude oil is faster and efficient via using the microwave assisted by ultrasonic method compare to conventional method.
Download or read book The Continuous Induced Air Flotation of a Highly Stabilized Oil in Water Emulsion microform written by Gurumkonda S. Hanumanth and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1982 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology written by Siti Zaleha Abdullah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsions have long been of great practical interest due to their widespread occurrence in everyday life. They may be found in important areas such as food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and agricultural industry. Emulsions are also found in the petroleum industry. Water separated from water in oil emulsion by various method such as ultrasonic, chemical or microwave demulsification. Emulsifier are surfactant used to develop high surface pressure at emulsion interface. In this research the ultrasonic technology used to break the water in oil emulsion. For stability part, about three type of crude oil used in the stability part which are include heavy and light crude oil. The emulsion prepared by mix the crude oil with the emulsifier such as Span 80.Tween 80 and SDDS and the propeller will used to mix the mixture vigorously for 5 minute. The next step pour some water slowly into the crude oil and wait until 10 minutes to ensure the mixture is completely mixing.The speed for propeller is about 1250rpm.the sample will check water in oil emulsion by filter paper or test tube test.Record the data and observed what happen occur during experiment. For the demulsification part the Masila crude oil will used to compare the ultrasonic with chemical demulsification method. The hexylamine is the chemical used to break the emulsion.The data and observation will be record and graph will be plotted to show which one give best performance to break the emulsion.In conclusion the ultrasonic is not effienct method to break the emulsion compared to the chemical method.-Author-
Download or read book A Study of Energy Effects on Oil water Emulsions Stability written by Winston C. Carrillo-Gimenez and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
