Download or read book Study of Weld Cracking in High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study of Hydrogen Induced Weld Cracking in High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of the Causes of Weld metal Cracking in High strength Steels and the Development of Heat treatable Low alloy steel Filler Wires for Use with the Inert gas shielded Arc welding Process written by Herbert W. Mishler and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cracking in High strength Steel Weldments written by P. A. Kammer and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weldment cracking is a broad complex field. Even if one considers only cracking of steel weldments, the problems range from cracking at temperatures near the solidus during welding to cracking at room temperature days, weeks, or months after welding is completed. Numerous reports of investigations in this field are contained in the published and unpublished literature. However, most of these reports cover only a particular problem in a specific area of the broad field of weldment cracking. This review attempts to cover the major aspects of the entire field of weldment cracking. Necessarily, the review is for the most part general, only being specific in a few instances to illustrate a point. (Author).

Download or read book Research on High Strength Steels with an Improved Resistance Against Weld Cracking written by Frederick Frank Hillenbrand (III.) and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current American practices are surveyed to determine which weld cracking tests are used, and what methods are used to prevent and control weld cracking. The cracking resistance of a newly developed quenched and tempered High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel. K-TEN8OCF, is researched. Using the Tekken self-restraint weld cracking test and Gas Metal Arc (GMA) welding, the new steel is compared against two commonly used high strength steels at various preheat levels. An investigation is made into the possible impacts of the cracking test results, based particularly upon the survey of practices. The steel test plates were subjected to X-ray, dye penetrant, and macroscopic and microscopic examinations to determine the extent of any existent cracking. It was found that the HBLA steel exhibited an excellent resistance to cracking, even when welded without the use of preheat; whereas, the T-1 and HY-80 steels had to be preheated in order to ensure cracking did not occur.

Download or read book Laser Assisted Fabrication of Materials written by Jyotsna Dutta Majumdar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-03 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser assisted fabrication involves shaping of materials using laser as a source of heat. It can be achieved by removal of materials (laser assisted cutting, drilling, etc.), deformation (bending, extrusion), joining (welding, soldering) and addition of materials (surface cladding or direct laser cladding). This book on ́Laser assisted Fabrication’ is aimed at developing in-depth engineering concepts on various laser assisted macro and micro-fabrication techniques with the focus on application and a review of the engineering background of different micro/macro-fabrication techniques, thermal history of the treated zone and microstructural development and evolution of properties of the treated zone.

Download or read book Cracking Tendancies of Restrained Welds in High Strength Low Alloy Steels Under Hyperbaric Conditions written by Randolph Ni and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The weld cracking tendancies of two newly developed controlled rolled and accelerated cooled high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are compared with a standard normalized steel of approximately the same ultimate tensile strength (50 kg/mm2). All steels were welded with the shielded metal arc welding process at 0, 100, and 200 psig. Welding was conducted in a hyperbaric chamber under conditions of 100% humidity, using the Lehigh self restraint weld cracking test. A literature and mail survey was conducted on current U.S. practices in underwater welding using the shielded metal arc process. Test plates were subjected to macrascopic examinations to determine the extent of any existent cracking. it was found that the low carbon equivalent HSLA steels exhibited an excellent resistance to cracking, even when welded without the use of preheat. The general tendency for cracking susceptibility to lower as the cracking susceptibility factor (Pw) lowers was validated, even under hyperbaric conditions. However, it was substantiated that the current theories used to determine cracking susceptibility may be too conservative in predicting cracking susceptibility for HSLA steels.

Download or read book Phase Transformations in Steels written by Elena Pereloma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processing-microstructure-property relationships in steels continue to present challenges to researchers because of the complexity of phase transformation reactions and the wide spectrum of microstructures and properties achievable. This major two-volume work summarises the current state of research on phase transformations in steels and its implications for the emergence of new steels with enhanced engineering properties. Volume 1 reviews fundamentals and diffusion-controlled phase transformations. After a historical overview, chapters in part one discuss fundamental principles of thermodynamics, diffusion and kinetics as well as phase boundary interfaces. Chapters in part two go on to consider ferrite formation, proeutectoid ferrite and cementite transformations, pearlite formation and massive austenite-ferrite phase transformations. Part three discusses the mechanisms of bainite transformations, including carbide-containing and carbide-free bainite. The final part of the book considers additional driving forces for transformation including nucleation and growth during austenite-to-ferrite phase transformations, dynamic strain-induced ferrite transformations (DIST) as well as the effects of magnetic fields and heating rates. With its distinguished editors and distinguished international team of contributors, the two volumes of Phase transformations in steels is a standard reference for all those researching the properties of steel and developing new steels in such areas as automotive engineering, oil and gas and energy production. Discusses the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, diffusion and kinetics Considers various transformations, including ferrite formation, proeutectoid ferrite and cementite transformations Considers additional driving forces for transformation including nucleation and growth during austenite-to-ferrite phase transformations

Download or read book Phase Transformations in Steels written by Elena Pereloma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processing-microstructure-property relationships in steels continue to present challenges to researchers because of the complexity of phase transformation reactions and the wide spectrum of microstructures and properties achievable. This major two-volume work summarises the current state of research on phase transformations in steels and its implications for the emergence of new steels with enhanced engineering properties.Volume 2 reviews current research on diffusionless transformations and phase transformations in high strength steels, as well as advances in modelling and analytical techniques which underpin this research. Chapters in part one discuss the crystallography and kinetics of martensite transformations, the morphology, substructure and tempering of martensite as well as shape memory in ferrous alloys. Part two summarises research on phase transformations in high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels, transformation induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted multiphase steels, quenched and partitioned steels, advanced nanostructured bainitic steels, high manganese twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) and maraging steels. The final two parts of the book review advances in modelling and the use of advanced analytical techniques to improve our understanding of phase transformations in steels.With its distinguished editors and distinguished international team of contributors, the two volumes of Phase transformations in steels is a standard reference for all those researching the properties of steel and developing new steels in such areas as automotive engineering, oil and gas and energy production. Alongside its companion volume, this major two-volume work summarises the current state of research on phase transformations in steels Reviews research on diffusionless transformations and phase transformations in high strength steels Examines advances in modelling and the use of advanced analytical techniques to improve understanding of phase transformations in steels

Download or read book Study on Stress Relief Cracking in Welded Low Alloy Steels written by Yoshinori Ito and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Welding High strength Steels written by P. A. Kammer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies of the developments in welding steels with yield strengths greater than 150 ksi have included low-alloy martensitic steels, medium-alloy martensitic steels, nickel maraging steels, and bainitic steels. Only weldments from medium-alloy martensitic steels and nickel maraging steels have mechanical properties approaching those of the base plate without a complete postweld heat treatment. The most serious problem with the other steel is low toughness in the weld fusion zone. Adequate weld metal toughness under conditions of elastic strain can be obtarined over the entire 150 to 225 ksi yield-strength range only if the tungsten-arc welding process is used. Processes with higher deposition rates can produce comparable weld deposits only in the lower portion of the range. Above a yield strength of 200 ksi, 18Ni maraging steel weldments have the best combination of strength and toughness. Below 200 ksi, the HP 9-4-25 medium-alloy martensitic steel and 12Ni maraging steel weldments have nearly equal properties.

Download or read book Cracking Tendencies of Restrained Welds in High Strength Low Alloy Steels Under Hyperbaric Conditions written by Randolph Ni and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welding written by Nilesh Kulkarni and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of residual stresses in friction stir welding and reviews the data reported for various materials. Residual stresses produced during manufacturing processes lead to distortion of structures. It is critical to understand and mitigate residual stresses. From the onset of friction stir welding, claims have been made about the lower magnitude of residual stresses. The lower residual stresses are partly due to lower peak temperature and shorter time at temperature during friction stir welding. A review of residual stresses that result from the friction stir process and strategies to mitigate it have been presented. Friction stir welding can be combined with additional in-situ and ex-situ manufacturing steps to lower the final residual stresses. Modeling of residual stresses highlights the relationship between clamping constraint and development of distortion. For many applications, management of residual stresses can be critical for qualification of component/structure. Reviews magnitude of residual stresses in various metals and alloys Discusses mitigation strategies for residual stresses during friction stir welding Covers fundamental origin of residual stresses and distortion

Download or read book Effect of Microstructure and Strength of Low Alloy Steels on Cyclic Crack Growth in High Temperature Water written by T. Kondo and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microstructural variability existing in weld heat-affected zones (HAZ) of SA533 Grade B steel has a strong influence on the fatigue crack growth rate of the material in a simulated nuclear reactor environment. In particular, considerably high susceptibility to environmentally enhanced cracking has been noted in the coarse grains of tempered martensite. This phenomenon is considered to be important not only in connection with predicting the cracking of the weld HAZ structures but also in elucidating the mechanism of crack growth enhancement in the high-temperature water environment. The materials used in the study are primarily SA533 Grade B and several other low-alloy steels including SA387, SA542, SA543, JIS SPV 46Q, and AISI 4340. Different heat treatments were given to these alloys to obtain a variety of microstructures and strengths. The results obtained show a general tendency for the crack growth rates of higher-strength materials to be more substantially accelerated in the simulated boiling-water reactor (BWR) water environment as the stress ratio is shifted from 0.1 to 0.5. In order to explore the operation of the cracking mechanism under dynamic loading, slow strain rate tests (SSRTs) were also performed. As with the cyclic crack growth rate tests, the materials with higher yield strengths exhibited highly enhanced crack growth rates and showed Ji values much reduced compared with those obtained in 288°C air. Furthermore, the crack growth rates under cyclic loading are directly compared with those obtained by the SSRT technique in terms of time-based crack growth rate in the water environment and in air by using plots of (da/dt)E versus (da/dt)air where (da/dt)E is the time-based crack growth rate in an aggressive environment and (da/dt)air is the rate in air. A satisfactory correspondence can be obtained between corrosion-fatigue test crack growth rates and those obtained by SSRTs.

Download or read book Welding Metallurgy and Weldability written by John C. Lippold and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-11-24 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the weldability aspects of structural materials used in a wide variety of engineering structures, including steels, stainless steels, Ni-base alloys, and Al-base alloys Welding Metallurgy and Weldability describes weld failure mechanisms associated with either fabrication or service, and failure mechanisms related to microstructure of the weldment. Weldability issues are divided into fabrication and service related failures; early chapters address hot cracking, warm (solid-state) cracking, and cold cracking that occur during initial fabrication, or repair. Guidance on failure analysis is also provided, along with examples of SEM fractography that will aid in determining failure mechanisms. Welding Metallurgy and Weldability examines a number of weldability testing techniques that can be used to quantify susceptibility to various forms of weld cracking. Describes the mechanisms of weldability along with methods to improve weldability Includes an introduction to weldability testing and techniques, including strain-to-fracture and Varestraint tests Chapters are illustrated with practical examples based on 30 plus years of experience in the field Illustrating the weldability aspects of structural materials used in a wide variety of engineering structures, Welding Metallurgy and Weldability provides engineers and students with the information needed to understand the basic concepts of welding metallurgy and to interpret the failures in welded components.

Download or read book Introduction to the Physical Metallurgy of Welding written by Kenneth Easterling and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Physical Metallurgy of Welding deals primarily with the welding of steels, which reflects the larger volume of literature on this material; however, many of the principles discussed can also be applied to other alloys. The book is divided into four chapters, in which the middle two deal with the microstructure and properties of the welded joint, such as the weld metal and the heat-affected zone. The first chapter is designed to provide a wider introduction to the many process variables of fusion welding, particularly those that may influence microstructure and properties, while the final chapter is concerned with cracking and fracture in welds. A comprehensive case study of the Alexander Kielland North Sea accommodation platform disaster is also discussed at the end. The text is written for undergraduate or postgraduate courses in departments of metallurgy, materials science, or engineering materials. The book will also serve as a useful revision text for engineers concerned with welding problems in industry.

Download or read book Hydrogen Embrittlement of Thick Section High Strength Low Alloy Steel Stress Corrosion Cracking and written by William Donald Needham and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the corrosion performance of weldments of a high strength low alloy(HSLA) steel in a simulated seawater environment. This steel, designated HSLA80, was developed by the United States Navy for use in ship structural applications. Stress corrosion CRACKING(SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement(HEM) were investigated by conducting 42 Wedge-Opening load(WOL) tests as a function of stress intensity and corrosion potential and 33 Slow Strain Rate(SSR) tests as a function of strain rate and corrosion potential. The corrosion potentials were chosen to simulate the environmental conditions of free corrosion, cathodic protection and hydrogen generation. The results from this investigation indicated that HSLA 80 base metal and weldments were susceptible to hydrogen assisted cracking(HAC) in a seawater environment under conditions of continuous plastic deformation and triaxial stress in the presence of hydrogen. The heat-affected zone of the weldment was found to be the most susceptible portion of the weld joint. A lower bound was established for the critical stress intensity for stress corrosion cracking for HSLA 80 base metal and weldments.(Theses).