Download or read book Study of the Aerosol Formation from the Mixture of Isoprene and Dimethyl Sulfide in the Presence of NOx written by Tianyi Chen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recently reported reactions with their rate constants have been included. The model included in this study predicted that concentrations of both MSA and H2SO4 would significantly increase due to heterogeneous chemistry, and this was well substantiated with experimental data. To confirm the DMS effect on SOAformation in the ambient air, the effect of MSA on increasing the SOA mass and the relative contribution of SO2 and DMS to sulfate were evaluated through ambient aerosol samples. Our results suggest that DMS is a significant source of acidic aerosol (H2SO4 and MSA) in the coastal area and in the land surrounded by fresh water wetland or salt marsh.

Download or read book Aerosol Formation from Gas Phase Reactions of Ozone and Olefin in the Presence of Sulfur Dioxide written by David Nicholas McNelis and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Formation Mechanisms and Quantification of Organic Nitrates in Atmospheric Aerosol written by Andrew Waite Rollins and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen oxides (NOy) in Earth's troposphere exert control over the production of ozone (O3) and particulate matter. In this dissertation the role of NOy in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) is investigated using theoretical as well as both existing and new analytical techniques. A number of insights are gained into the process through which SOA is formed, and the chemical composition of SOA formed through oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of NOx. In Chapter 2, I review the theoretical basis for understanding the formation of SOA in the atmosphere and the role of NOy in the context of this theory. Expectations for how the chemistry of NOx influences SOA formation and composition in the atmosphere are discussed in the context of previously reported laboratory measurements. In Chapter 3, I describe a chamber study quantifying the formation of organic nitrates and SOA through the oxidation of isoprene by the nitrate radical (NO3) and discuss the importance of this SOA source on a global scale. The importance of multiple stages of isoprene oxidation by NO3 is investigated and quantified for the first time. In Chapter 4, I investigate the degree to which organic nitrates in aerosols can be quantified using an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). How aerosol organic nitrates affect the current understanding of organic aerosol composition obtained via AMS is discussed. In Chapter 5, I describe a new instrument capable of quantifying organic nitrates in particles, representing a significant advance in the analysis of the chemical composition of organic aerosols. This instrument is used in the laboratory to quantify the formation of organic nitrates in particles formed through high-NOx photooxidation of a number of SOA precursors.

Download or read book Preliminary Investigation of the Role that DMS Dimethyl Sulfide and Cloud Cycles Play in the Formation of the Aerosol Size Distribution written by W. A. Hoppel and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of experiments designed to study the production of new particulate matter by photolysis of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and the effect that nonprecipitating clouds, have on the aerosol size distributions were carried out in Calspan Corporation's 600 cum environmental chamber during January and February 1986. The results show that DMS, the most abundant natural source of sulfur, is photooxidized to some product of low volatility that can form new particles by homogeneous nucleation or condense on existing aerosols causing them to grow. To explain these observations, a theoretical study of the nucleation properties of methane sulfonic acid (MSA) was undertaken. The nucleation thresholds, calculated using thermodynamic data for MSA, show that at 70% RH, and MSA concentration of only 0.006 ppb will result in a supersaturated environment in which MSA will condense on preexisting particles larger than 0.02 micron radius. If the MSA concentrations increase to 30 ppb, then spontaneous formation of MSA solution droplets occurs by homogeneous binary nucleation. Simulations of the evolution of the size distribution observed for the DMS irradiation experiments with a dynamic aerosol model that includes the effects of coagulation, growth by condensation, and deposition to the walls of the chamber, yield results that are in excellent agreement with the observed evolution.

Download or read book Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by Chen Song and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Reactions of Linear Branched and Cyclic Alkanes with OH Radicals in the Presence of NO subscript X written by Yong Bin Lim and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerosol Formation and Growth in Atmospheric Organic NOx Systems written by Shih-chen Wang and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Computational Approach to Understanding Aerosol Formation and Oxidant Chemistry in the Troposphere written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics of aerosol formation and ozone production in the troposphere is currently a high priority because these phenomena are recognized as two major effects of energy-related air pollution. Atmospheric aerosols are of concern because of their effect on visibility, climate, and human health. Equally important, aerosols can change the chemistry of the atmosphere, in dramatic fashion, by providing new chemical pathways (in the condensed phase) unavailable in the gas phase. The oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic compounds (e.g., sulfuric acid, ammonia, nitric acid, ions, and mineral) can produce precursor molecules that act as nucleation seeds. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Chemistry Program (ACP) has identified the need to evaluate the causes of variations in tropospheric aerosol chemical composition and concentrations, including determining the sources of aerosol particles and the fraction of such that are of primary and secondary origin. In particular, the ACP has called for a deeper understanding into aerosol formation because nucleation creates substantial concentrations of fresh particles that, via growth and coagulation, influence the Earth's radiation budget. Tropospheric ozone is also of concern primarily because of its impact on human health. Ozone levels are controlled by NOx and by VOCs in the lower troposphere. The VOCs can be either from natural emissions from such sources as vegetation and phytoplankton or from anthropogenic sources such as automobiles and oil-fueled power production plants. The major oxidant for VOCs in the atmosphere is the OH radical. With the increase in VOC emissions, there is rising concern regarding the available abundance of HOx species needed to initiate oxidation. Over the last five years, there have been four field studies aimed at initial measurements of HOx species (OH and HO? radicals). These measurements revealed HOx levels that are two to four times higher than expected from the commonly assumed primary sources. Such elevated abundances of HOx imply a more photochemically active troposphere than previously thought. This implies that rates of ozone formation in the lower region of the atmosphere and the oxidation of SO? can be enhanced, thus promoting the formation of new aerosol properties. Central to unraveling this chemistry is the ability to assess the photochemical product distributions resulting from the photodissociation of by-products of VOC oxidation. We propose to use state-of-the-art theoretical techniques to develop a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of aerosol formation in multicomponent (mixed chemical) systems and the photochemistry of atmospheric organic species. The aerosol studies involve an approach that determines homogeneous gas-particle nucleation rates from knowledge of the molecular interactions that are used to define properties of molecular clusters. Over the past several years we developed Dynamical Nucleation Theory (DNT), a novel advance in the theoretical description of homogeneous gas-liquid nucleation, and applied it to gas-liquid nucleation of a single component system (e.g., water). The goal of the present research is to build upon these advances by extending the theory to multicomponent systems important in the atmosphere (such as clusters containing sulfuric acid, water, ions, ammonia, and organics). In addition, high-level ab initio electronic structure calculations will be used to unravel the chemical reactivity of the OH radical and water clusters.

Download or read book A Study of the Aerosol Formation Resulting from the Direct Reaction of Ammonia and Sulfur Dioxide written by James L. Vance and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerosol Formation and Growth in Aromatic Hydrocarbon NO subscript X Systems written by Jennifer E. Stern and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerosol Chamber Study of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Mixtures of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors written by Yunqi Shao and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerosol Formation from the Photooxidation of Isoprene P cymene and 1 8 cineole written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Basic Study of the Physics of Aerosol Formation written by W. Gale Cutler and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study of Photochemical Aerosol Formation and the Coagulative Mass Transport in Natural and Laboratory Aerosol gas Mixtures written by Richard Adolph Zalabsky and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols written by Claudio Tomasi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein Blick auf die morphologischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Aerosolen aus den unterschiedlichsten natürlichen und anthropogenen Quellen trägt zum besseren Verständnis der Rolle bei, die Aerosolpartikel bei der Streuung und Absorption kurz- und langwelliger Strahlung spielen. Dieses Fachbuch bietet Informationen, die sonst schwer zu finden sind, und vermittelt ausführlich die Kenntnisse, die erforderlich sind, um die mikrophysikalischen, chemischen und Strahlungsparameter zu charakterisieren, die bei der Wechselwirkung von Sonnen- und Erdstrahlen so überaus wichtig sind. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den indirekten Auswirkungen von Aerosolen auf das Klima im Rahmen des komplexen Systems aus Aerosolen, Wolken und der Atmosphäre. Auch geht es vorrangig um die Wirkungen natürlicher und anthropogener Aerosole auf die Luftqualität und die Umwelt, auf die menschliche Gesundheit und unser kulturelles Erbe. Mit einem durchgängig lösungsorientierten Ansatz werden nicht nur die Probleme und Gefahren dieser Aerosole behandelt, sondern auch praktikable Lösungswege aufgezeigt.

Download or read book Photochemical Aerosol Formation written by Donald L. Fox and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies of the Aerosol Formation written by Tung Tien Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: