Download or read book Study and Management of the Alien Invasive Tree Miconia Calvescens DC Melastomataceae in the Islands of Raiatea and Tahaa Society Islands French Polynesia written by Jean-Yves Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on the control of alien invasive plant species in French Polynesia.
Download or read book Proceedings of the XII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds written by R. Sforza and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the research findings in various aspects of weed biocontrol, this volume explores weed biology and ecology and the economic impacts, effectiveness and practical implications of weed management strategies. It is of interest to researchers and students in plant and environmental sciences.
Download or read book Invasive Alien Species written by Michael R. Ielmini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-21 with total page 1488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jedes Jahr breiten sich invasive gebietsfremde Arten in neue Ökosysteme aus. Die von den Eindringlingen verursachten Auswirkungen können sich in kürzester Zeit bemerkbar machen und verheerend sein. Das Thema der invasiven gebietsfremden Arten ist umfassend, komplex und auf verschiedenen Ebenen von globaler Bedeutung. Verschärft wird es durch die Globalisierung der Weltwirtschaft und den zunehmenden Handel, durch den die natürlichen Barrieren für den Transfer von Arten durchbrochen werden. Invasive gebietsfremde Arten bedrohen die weltweite Nahrungsmittelversorgung, die Qualität und Verfügbarkeit von Trinkwasser sowie die Stromproduktion und -versorgung. Zusammen mit den zusätzlichen Risiken durch den globalen Klimawandel ist die weltweite Homogenisierung von Pflanzen, Tieren und Mikroben ein wesentlicher Faktor für den sich verschlechternden Gesundheitszustand der Ökosysteme und die nachlassenden Ökosystemdienstleistungen überall auf der Welt. Um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken, besteht die dringende Notwendigkeit einer einheitlichen Ausrichtung von Regierungen, Kulturen und Programmen und einer besseren grenzüberschreitenden Koordination. Nur so lassen sich die vielfältigen Bedrohungen durch invasive gebietsfremde Arten für die Umwelt, die Wirtschaft und die Gesundheit von Pflanzen und Tieren sowie insbesondere die menschliche Gesundheit effektiv bekämpfen. Dieses vierbändige Werk ist das erste, das einen umfassenden Satz nützlicher Materialien zu den zentralen Themen bereitstellt, um die gesamte globale Bedrohung durch invasive gebietsfremde Arten sowie die vielfältigen Probleme in verschiedenen Teilen der Welt deutlich zu machen, und es enthält Material, in dem potenziell replizierbare Lösungen zur Überwindung dieser Bedrohungen aufgezeigt werden. Das Werk betont die Bedrohung durch invasive gebietsfremde Arten auch im Sinne eines globalen ?Aufrufs zum Handeln?. Invasive Arten kennen keine Grenzen. Daher hoffen wir, dass wir durch die Zusammenstellung von Material, das unterschiedliche wissenschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Standpunkte aus aller Welt berücksichtigt, sowie durch die Vermittlung von Erkenntnissen und Beispielen zu einer Vielzahl damit zusammenhängender Themen das globale Bewusstsein stärken und einheitliche nationale Reaktionen auf die Bedrohung durch invasive gebietsfremde Arten fördern können.
Download or read book Status of Management and Control Efforts for the Invasive Alien Tree Miconia Calvescens DC Melastomataceae in Hana East Maui written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoring Paradise written by Robert J. Cabin and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three quarters of the U.S.’s bird and plant extinctions have occurred in Hawai‘i, and one third of the country’s threatened and endangered birds and plants reside within the state. Yet despite these alarming statistics, all is not lost: There are still 12,000 extant species unique to the archipelago and new species are discovered every year. In Restoring Paradise: Rethinking and Rebuilding Nature in Hawai‘i, Robert Cabin shows why current attempts to preserve Hawai‘i’s native fauna and flora require embracing the emerging paradigm of ecological restoration—the science and art of assisting the recovery of degraded species and ecosystems and creating more meaningful and sustainable relationships between people and nature. Cabin’s extensive experience as a research ecologist and applied practitioner enables him to provide a rare, behind-the-scenes look at successful and inspiring restoration programs. In Part 1 he recounts Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge’s efforts to restore thousands of acres of degraded pasture on the island of Hawai‘i back to the native rain forests that once dominated the area and sheltered native birds now on the brink of extinction. Along the way, he presents an overview of Hawaiian natural and cultural history, biogeography, and evolutionary biology. Following chapters look at restoration work underway by the U.S. Park Service to reestablish native species within the vast Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park; by a charismatic scientist and dedicated volunteers to restore the native forests of Auwahi on the southern slopes of Haleakalā; and by the Limahuli branch of Kauai’s National Tropical Botanical Garden to revive a thousand-year-old taro plantation. To investigate the compelling and often conflicting philosophies and strategies of those involved in restoration, Cabin opens Part 3 with interview excerpts from a cross-section of Hawai‘i’s environmental community. He concludes with a provocative and insightful discussion of the contentious, evolving relationship between humans and nature and the power and limitations of science within and beyond Hawai‘i.
Download or read book Forests and Food written by Bhaskar Vira and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2015-11-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As population estimates for 2050 reach over 9 billion, issues of food security and nutrition have been dominating academic and policy debates. A total of 805 million people are undernourished worldwide and malnutrition affects nearly every country on the planet. Despite impressive productivity increases, there is growing evidence that conventional agricultural strategies fall short of eliminating global hunger, as well as having long-term ecological consequences. Forests can play an important role in complementing agricultural production to address the Sustainable Development Goals on zero hunger. Forests and trees can be managed to provide better and more nutritionally-balanced diets, greater control over food inputs—particularly during lean seasons and periods of vulnerability (especially for marginalised groups)—and deliver ecosystem services for crop production. However forests are undergoing a rapid process of degradation, a complex process that governments are struggling to reverse. This volume provides important evidence and insights about the potential of forests to reducing global hunger and malnutrition, exploring the different roles of landscapes, and the governance approaches that are required for the equitable delivery of these benefits. Forests and Food is essential reading for researchers, students, NGOs and government departments responsible for agriculture, forestry, food security and poverty alleviation around the globe.
Download or read book 6th South Pacific Conference on Nature Conservation Protected Areas Conference papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution Ecology Conservation and Management of Hawaiian Birds written by J. Michael Scott and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acquisition List written by University of Hawaii at Manoa. Library. Hawaiian Collection and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interactions of Avian Frugivores and Invasive Trees in French Polynesia written by Erica Noelle Spotswood and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species pose a threat to the persistence of the sensitive endemic biotic communities on oceanic islands. The direct ecological, social and economic effects of invasions have been well documented and can be significant on both islands and continents. The indirect effects on the interactions between species has received less attention despite being of critical importance to the long term stability of ecosystems facing multiple threats from anthropogenic impacts. In this dissertation, I examined how seed dispersal relationships are modified by the presence of multiple introduced species on the islands of Tahiti and Moorea in the Society archipelago of French Polynesia. Additionally, I evaluated the risks associated with one of my research methods; the use of mist nets to capture wild birds. I first evaluated how the local abundance of the invasive Miconia calvescens modifies seed dispersal relationships between birds and plants. The species is an invasive fruit-bearing tree that currently covers much of the island of Tahiti and is present at much lower densities on Moorea. I found that while the overall size of networks was similar across sites, networks on the highly invaded island of Tahiti were less diverse and less even because birds concentrated a greater proportion of their foraging on Miconia calvescens. There were fewer links between birds and native plants at highly invaded sites where birds switched their diets away from a broader range of fruit and insects. The endemic Grey-green Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus purpuratus) consumed native fruit in larger quantities and more total species than two introduced frugivores. This study demonstrates that the impacts of invasive fruit-bearing plants on seed dispersal networks depends in part on their abundance, and are likely to increase as a species becomes increasingly dominant in a community. Additionally, the dispersal of native plants continues to depend heavily on the single extant native fruit dove on these islands despite the presence of multiple introduced frugivores. The impact of invasive plants on seed dispersal networks is the result of the cumulative effects of foraging decisions by birds. The available evidence suggests that birds choose which fruit to consume based on the complementarity between fruit traits and their own preferences as well as the relative abundance of fruit in a community. I used fruit choice experiments with captive Red-vented Bulbuls (Pycnonotus cafer) to uncouple fruit preferences from the effects of abundance to determine which operates more strongly on foraging decisions in birds. Birds showed both reliable and consistent preferences for some fruits over others and a strong response to abundance. However, when included simultaneously in the same experiment, the patterns of preference remained intact while the effect of abundance disappeared. Taken together, experimental and field data suggest that foraging decisions are highly context-dependent, and neutral models that consider only the relative abundance of fruit in the community are unlikely to provide reliable predictions about how seed dispersal networks will change in response to invasion. In the final study of my thesis, I evaluated the risks associated with one of my primary research methods; the use of mist nets to capture birds. Mist nets are used widely for monitoring avian populations. While the method is assumed to be safe, very few studies have addressed how frequently injuries and mortalities occur, and no large-scale comprehensive evaluation has been conducted to determine the associated risks. In collaboration with several banding organizations, I quantified the rates of mortality and injury at 22 banding organizations in the United States and Canada and used capture data from five organizations to determine what kinds of incidents occur most frequently. I compiled a dataset including nearly 350,000 records of capture over a 22 year period and evaluated what makes birds most at risk to incident. I found that the risks varied among species and factors such as body mass and the number of previous captures were related to the probability of an incident. Additionally, I found that birds that were released back into the wild after an injury were recaptured at similar rates compared to birds that were released without an injury, indicating that injured birds survived in similar numbers as those released uninjured. This study fills a gap by providing the first comprehensive evaluation of the risks associated with mist netting and concludes that while overall risks are low, species and traits can predict a bird's susceptibility to incident. These results can be useful for organizations that use mist netting, and should be incorporated into protocols aimed at minimizing injury and mortality. Finally, I emphasize that projects using mist nets should monitor their performance and compare their results to those of other organizations. I conclude that the indirect effect of species invasions are variable and depend in part on the abundance of the invasive species. Thus, consequences for seed dispersal networks are likely to be most pronounced at the highest levels of invasion. Despite the effects of abundance, birds also showed strong preferences for certain kinds of fruits. Thus, the integration of novel fruit into native seed dispersal networks is likely to depend not only on the relative abundance of fruit but also on the preferences for each fruit relative to others that are available. The Grey-green Fruit Dove is the sole disperser for several native plants, and the maintenance of viable populations of these plants is likely to depend on conservation of this protected and sensitive endemic species. Similarly, it is likely that the Fruit Dove also depends on native plants despite the integration of many exotic fruit into its diet. There is an urgent need for more research evaluating the habitat requirements and population dynamics of this frugivore in order to ensure the long term persistence of the species.
Download or read book Detecting and Responding to Alien Plant Incursions written by John R. Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to the proactive management of alien plants, synthesising the most current global theory and best management practice.
Download or read book Modeling Invasive Alien Plant Species written by H.O.W. Peiris and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling Invasive Alien Plant Species: Fuzzy Based Uncertainty presents the application of different fuzzy set theory techniques in developing risk assessment models for invasive plant species- those whose introduction and spread outside their natural range threatens local biodiversity. Invasion risk of species is expressed by biological traits which would be considered as the risk factors accompanied with uncertainty and imprecision. The book considers both quantitative and qualitative inputs in modelling the invasive risk by incorporating different mathematical models based on fuzzy set theory operators, interval methods, and fuzzy linguistic operators. The proposed models can be applied for investigating risk of invasive alien plant species in various regions and conditions. Features: Uniquely merges mathematical models with biological expressions. Presents different factor-based models as a case study on the risk of invasive alien plant species. Explains how users can perform primary-level risk assessment through fuzzy modeling techniques. Appropriate for upper-level students, researchers, and practicing professionals, this book shows how conventional approaches such as probability theory can be of limited use to solve issues of uncertainty, and how they fuzzy set theory plays a better role in understanding uncertain system dynamics, such invasive plant modelling.
Download or read book Invasive Alien Plant Program written by British Columbia. Invasive Alien Plant Program and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Revision of Miconia Sect Chaenopleura Miconieae Melastomataceae in the Greater Antilles written by Walter S. Judd and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Miconia Calvescens written by Cheryl Toyama and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invasive Plants written by Gerald R. Kuhns and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Invasive plants, which are plants that are introduced into a new environment and cause negative effects on the local habitat, pose a serious threat to environmental and ecological conservation. This book contains three chapters that discuss the problem of invasive plants and propose solutions for their management and control. Chapter One concerns the use of invasive plants as raw materials for the environmentally friendly development of paper and packaging products. Chapter Two details the results of a study that suggests that the invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus can be controlled by the maintenance of effective suppressive plant communities. Chapter Three presents the results of a study concerning the spread of Parthenium hysterophorus within and around Arusha National Park in Tanzania"--
Download or read book Assessment and Management of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems Habitats and Species written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
