Download or read book Shrinkage and Shrinkage Cracking Behavior of Cement Systems Containing Ground Limestone Fly Ash and Lightweight Synthetic Particles written by Brooks E. Bucher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low water-to-cement (w/c) ratio concrete with a high paste content experiences significant autogenous shrinkage that may amplify the risk of earlyage cracking in restrained elements. Further, the high cement content of these materials increases the carbon-footprint and environmental impact of these materials due to energy consumption and CO2 emissions associated with cement production. This thesis introduces strategies to produce concrete which reduces or displays similar cracking propensity to traditional cement-based materials, although with a smaller environmental impact. This can be achieved by: 1) replacement of a portion of cement with limestone, 2) fundamentally altering the binder composition by incorporation of alternative binders such as fly ash, or 3) by replacing a portion of the natural aggregate in concrete with synthetic inclusions which reduce the risk of cracking. First, this study evaluates early-age and long-term volume changes in pastes and mortars made with cements interground with limestone; for a variety of curing times and exposure conditions. The results show mortars made using cements interground with up to 10% limestone (by mass replacement of cement) demonstrate similar or less early-age and long-term shrinkage as compared to plain cement systems. Limestone systems showed a similar or reduced risk of early-age cracking. Further studies were performed using fine, intermediate, and coarse limestone particles to examine the effects of limestone particle size and xviii dilution (due to cement replacement by limestone) on the shrinkage and cracking response of pastes and mortars. Finally, the chemical shrinkage and heat of hydration were measured to evaluate whether the presence of limestone alters the rate of reaction in these materials. Second, this study evaluates the shrinkage and cracking behavior of cement-based materials that contain fly ash. Two types of fly ash were examined. The chemical shrinkage of mixtures containing up to 20% fly ash (mass replacement of cement) was measured to quantify the early-age reactivity of fly ash in binders. Autogenous and total bulk shrinkage due to drying was studied from the time of set up to 28 days. The volume change and cracking susceptibility results varied depending upon type of fly ash and replacement amount. Third, this research includes the study of concrete and mortars that contain low stiffness synthetic aggregate inclusions as a method to mitigate early-age cracking. Restrained and plastic shrinkage of concrete and mortar containing lightweight synthetic particles (LSP) as aggregate replacement are studied. The results indicate a reduction in the potential for cracking with increased replacement of LSP. Furthermore the addition of LSP reduces the susceptibility for plastic shrinkage cracking.
Download or read book Earthquake Engineering Research Center Library Printed Catalog written by University of California, Berkeley. Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Library and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Shrinkage Crack Occurrence in Artificial Lightweight Aggregate Concrete written by Masayoshi Kakizaki and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control of Cracks in Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete written by D.J. Ekanem and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalogue written by Harvard University. Graduate School of Design. Library and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Resources Guide to Hazardous Chemicals written by Stanley A. Greene and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a direct companion to Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens in that the hazardous chemicals listed in Sittig's Handbook are the source for this guide. With more than 7,500 entries highlighting chemical producers worldwide, this international directory is a source of complete contact information for manufacturers, agencies, organizations, and useful sources of information regarding hazardous chemicals.
Download or read book Magazine of Concrete Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Lightweight Aggregate Moisture Content on Internally Cured Concrete written by Casey McDaniel Jones and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Putting an end to the rapid deterioration of concrete structures in the United States will only occur through the introduction of better materials and construction methods. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) reports the overall condition of concrete bridges in the United States to be a "C+". Though better than other areas of the infrastructure, there is still room for improvement in concrete bridges. One major area that may be improved is that of the concrete bridge deck. The bridge deck is comprised of the actual driving surface. It is subject to many deterioration mechanisms including freeze/thaw cycles, de-icing salts, and cyclic loading. The bridge deck must be highly durable to combat the negative effects it is subjected to. A recent advancement to increase durability is the placement of a pre-saturated lightweight aggregate (LWA) inside concrete. This LWA will offset cracking associated with drying shrinkage and self-desiccation. The pre-saturated LWA is an expanded clay or expanded shale material is able to absorb water into the pores of its structure and release that water to hydrating cement. The current research is focused on determining the effects of this LWA soaking durations of 1, 3, and 7 days. A constant replacement rate of 300 lbs/yd3 was used for the current study. A control mixture was cast for comparison purposes which contained no LWA. The research program concrete mix designs were developed in accordance with the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department bridge deck specification. Reported results included shrinkage/strain, compressive strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity. Findings indicated that a 1 day soaked LWA preformed equivalent or better than extended soaking durations at mitigating concrete shrinkage.
Download or read book Oil Palm Shell written by Mohammad Abdul Mannan and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author Biography: Dr. Mohammad Abdul Mannan was born at a simple family of a small village, Aktarpur, Rangiarpota, Jibonnagar, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. He has obtained B.Sc. (Civil Engineering) degree with first class, MSc in Civil Engineering and PhD in Concrete technology. He has started carrier as lecturer at BIT Rajshahi (now RUET), Bangladesh followed by AJP consulting firm, then Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) and is now a Professor of Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. He is the inventor of few construction products. Based on 30 years of experience in teaching, professional practice and research, his vision is to be excellence in research on Innovative Construction Material and Structure. Book Description: Due to a high demand in construction and furniture industries worldwide, natural resources such as stones and wood as non-renewable resources are being depleted. Thus, researchers are focusing on renewable resources as alternative materials. As such, the utilisation of abundant solid wastes and byproducts, which are discharged from agriculture, industry and municipalities present an alternative to the conventional materials for the construction and furniture industries. These solid wastes and byproducts, when properly processed have shown to be effective and can readily meet design specifications. Agricultural solid wastes from oil palm distributors such as Oil Palm Shell (OPS) and Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB), which are abundant in agro-based countries, present an interesting alternative to the conventional aggregate in lightweight concrete and artificial plank production, respectively. At present, palm oil producing countries are Barkina Faso, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Colombia, Costa Rica, C�te d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Liberia, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Republic of Congo, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Venezuela and others. In Malaysia, oil palm plantations cover over 5 million hectares, and annual production of OPS as solid waste from 450 oil palm mills is more than 6 million tons. This large amount of OPS as a renewable green aggregate can contribute to overcoming the over dependence on depletable resources for concrete production. The civil engineering projects are of a larger scale; they need sustainable materials in order to gain a greater momentum of growth. The major technical characteristics of OPS solid waste must be primarily understood before each particular use. Therefore, there is a need to highlight the importance of OPS to be used in the construction industry.
Download or read book Current Information in the Construction Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete written by Ei-ichi Tazawa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-01-28 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book forms the proceedings of a workshop held in Hiroshima in June 1998 and derive from the work of a Technical Committee of the Japan Concrete Institute. Topics include test and prediction methods, the science of autogenous shrinkage, strain and stress, and consequent design concerns.
Download or read book Final Report on Shrinkage cracking Characteristics of Structural Lightweight Concrete written by William Burl Ledbetter and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shrinkage Cracking Characteristics of Structural Lightweight Concrete written by Robert Gordon McKeen and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Printed Catalog written by University of California, Berkeley. Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Library and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Shrinkage cracking Characteristics of Structural Lightweight Concrete written by R. Gordon McKeen and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
