Download or read book Studies on Fusarium Stalk Rot of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Caused by Fusarium Moniliforme Sheldon written by DESHMUKH R. G and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Resistance to Fusarium Stalk Rot in Grain Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Tesfaye Teferra Tesso and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Fusarium Moniliforme Sheldon on Seedling Development of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor Moench Cultivars written by L. B. de ARAUJO and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeds frequently are contaminated by seed-borne disease organisms not detected through routine laboratory tests for seed quality. Wherever Sorghum bicolor Moench is grown, the grain is subject to weathering and attack by many diseases. Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon is one of the most common pathogenic agents present in the sorghum area of adaptation and can damage the mature plant as well as increase seedling mortality. In this study, seeds of 105 entries of a wide range of sorghum germplasm were screened for seedling resistant to Fusarium moniliforme under laboratory conditions. Inoculum prepared from corn grain internally infestated with a pathological source of F. moniliforme was used to measure the effect of this pathogen on sorghum seedling primary root length, number of secondary branches, and epicotyl length. After seven days in a slant-tray germinator ar alternating temperatures of 20 C for 16 hours and 30 C for 8 hours, seedling from seed treated with the inoculum were compared with the same cultivars in an untreated control and tested 200 ppm benomyl. For 64 cultivars, primary root length, number of secondary branches, and epicotyl length were all reduced by the action of the Fusarium fungus and its toxin an average of 53%, 25%, and 32%, respectively. Few cultivars appeared to be resistant to this pathogen during the early germination stages. The surface sterilizing effect of benomyl and the elimination of internal seed-borne Fusarium were evident throughout this study. Benomyl stimulated primary (...).
Download or read book Sorghum Root and Stalk Rots written by Gloria Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Glume and Caryopses Characteristics of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench on Infection by Fusarium Moniliforme Sheldon written by Anaclet Sebushahu Bwampamye Mansuetus and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cultural Studies to Determine Resistance to Fusarium Moniliforme Stalk and Root Rot Disease of Sorghum written by Moise Medjo-Me-Nkembe and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Study of Resistance to Charcoal Rot and Fusarium Stalk Rot Diseases of Sorghum written by Adedayo Adeyanju and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium stalk rot and charcoal rot caused by Fusarium thapsinum and Macrophomina phaseolina respectively are devastating global diseases in sorghum that lead to severe quality and yield loss each year. In this study, three sets of interrelated experiments were conducted that will potentially lead to the development of resistance based control option to these diseases. The first experiment was aimed at identifying sources of resistance to infection by M. phaseolina and F. thapsinum in a diverse panel of 300 sorghum genotypes. The genotypes were evaluated in three environments following artificial inoculation. Out of a total of 300 genotypes evaluated, 95 genotypes were found to have resistance to M. phaseolina and 77 to F. thapsinum of which 53 genotypes were resistant to both pathogens. In the second experiment, a set of 79,132 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers were used in an association study to identify genomic regions underlying stalk rot resistance using a multi-locus mixed model association mapping approach. We identified 14 loci associated with stalk rot and a set of candidate genes that appear to be involved in connected functions controlling plant defense response to stalk rot resistance. The associated SNPs accounted for 19-30% of phenotypic variation observed within and across environments. An analysis of associated allele frequencies within the major sorghum subpopulations revealed enrichment for resistant alleles in the durra and caudatum subpopulations compared with other subpopulations. The findings suggest a complicated molecular mechanism of resistance to stalk rots. The objective of the third experiment was to determine the functional relationship between stay-green trait, leaf dhurrin and soluble sugar levels and resistance to stalk rot diseases. Fourteen genotypic groups derived from a Tx642 × Tx7000 RIL population carrying combinations of stay-green quantitative trait loci were evaluated under three environments in four replications. The stg QTL had variable effects on stalk rot disease. Genotypes carrying stg1, stg3, stg1,3 and stg1,2,3,4 expressed good levels of resistance to M. phaseolina but the combination of stg1 and stg3 was required to express the same level of resistance to F. thapsinum. Other stg QTL blocks such as stg2 and stg4 did not have any impact on stalk rot resistance caused by both pathogens. There were no significant correlations between leaf dhurrin, soluble sugar concentration, and resistance to any of the pathogens.
Download or read book Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Caused by Macrophomina Phaselina Tassi Gold Part II Studies on Pod Rot of Drumstick Moringa Oleifera L Caused by Drech and Jain Ex M B Ellis written by Kshirsagar C R. and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Further Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina Tassi Goid written by Adsul S S. and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissecting the Molecular Responses of Sorghum Bicolor to Macrophomina Phaseolina Infection written by Y. M. Ananda Yapa Bandara and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charcoal rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., is an important disease in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The molecular interactions between sorghum and M. phaseolina are poorly understood. In this study, a large-scale RNA-Seq experiment and four follow-up functional experiments were conducted to understand the molecular basis of charcoal rot resistance and/or susceptibility in sorghum. In the first experiment, stalk mRNA was extracted from charcoal-rot-resistant (SC599) and susceptible (Tx7000) genotypes and subjected to RNA sequencing. Upon M. phaseolina inoculation, 8560 genes were differentially expressed between the two genotypes, out of which 2053 were components of 200 known metabolic pathways. Many of these pathways were significantly up-regulated in the susceptible genotype and are thought to contribute to enhanced pathogen nutrition and virulence, impeded host basal immunity, and reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS)-mediated host cell death. The paradoxical hormonal regulation observed in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 was characterized by strongly upregulated salicylic acid and down-regulated jasmonic acid pathways. These findings provided useful insights into induced host susceptibility in response to this necrotrophic fungus at the whole-genome scale. The second experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamics of host oxidative stress under pathogen infection. Results showed M. phaseolina's ability to significantly increase the ROS and RNS content of two charcoal-rot-susceptible genotypes, Tx7000 and BTx3042. Over-accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) in stalk tissues in the pathogen-inoculated susceptible genotypes was confirmed using a NO-specific fluorescent probe and confocal microscopy. Significantly increased malondialdehyde content confirmed the enhanced oxidative stress experienced by the susceptible genotypes after pathogen inoculation. These findings suggested the contribution of oxidative stress-associated induced cell death on charcoal rot susceptibility under infection. In the third functional experiment, the behavior of the sorghum antioxidant system after pathogen inoculation was investigated. M. phaseolina significantly increased the glutathione s- transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and peroxidase activities of the susceptible genotypes (Tx7000, BTx3042) but not in the resistant genotypes (SC599, SC35). Increased activities of these enzymes in susceptible genotypes may contribute to reduced oxidative stress thus lowering charcoal rot susceptibility. The fourth functional experiment was designed to quantify induced host-derived cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) using crude enzyme mixtures from stalks. A gel diffusion assay revealed significantly increased pectinesterase activity in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042 while significantly increased polygalacturonase activity was determined by absorbance. Fluorimetric determination of cell extracts revealed significantly increased cellulose degrading enzyme activity in M. phaseolina-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042. These findings revealed the pathogen's ability to promote charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum through induced host CWDEs. The last functional study was designed to profile the stalk tissue lipidome of Tx7000 and SC599 after M. phaseolina inoculation using automated direct infusion electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). M. phaseolina significantly decreased the phytosterol, phosphatidylserine, and ox-lipid contents in Tx7000 while significantly increasing stigmasterol:sitosterol ratio. Except for ox-lipid content, none of the above was significantly affected in resistant SC599. Results suggested the lethal impacts of M. phaseolina inoculation on plastid- and cell- membrane integrity and the lipid-based signaling capacity of Tx7000. Findings shed light on the host lipid classes that contribute to induced charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum.
Download or read book Microbiology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Journal of Tropical Plant Diseases written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phytophylactica written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Genetic Improvement of Sorghum and Pearl Millet written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Queensland Journal of Agricultural and Animal Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
