Download or read book Studies on Electrochemical Reaction Pathways of Methanol Electro Oxidation on Nanoscale Fuel Cell Catalysts written by Ganesh Vijayaraghavan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalysts for Alcohol fuelled Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells written by Zhen-Xing Liang and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state-of-the-art review on recent advances in nanocatalysts and electrocatalysis in DOFCs.
Download or read book Electrocatalysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by Jiujun Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book to focus on a comprehensive description on DMFC electrocatalysis draws a clear picture of the current status of DMFC technology, especially the advances, challenges and perspectives in the field. Leading researchers from universities, government laboratories and fuel cell industries in North America, Europe and Asia share their knowledge and information on recent advances in the fundamental theories, experimental methodologies and research achievements. In order to help readers better understand the science and technology of the subject, some important and representative figures, tables, photos, and comprehensive lists of reference papers are also included, such that all the information needed on this topic may be easily located. An indispensable source for physical, catalytic, electro- and solid state chemists, as well as materials scientists and chemists in industry.
Download or read book Electrochemical Studies of Nanoscale Composite Materials as Electrodes in PEM Fuel Cells written by Jordan M. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical techniques were used to determine the catalytic ability of each novel composite toward the electrooxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. This study indicates that the novel composites all have higher catalytic ability than bare Pt electrodes. The increase in catalytic ability is mostly attributed to the increase in CO poison tolerance and promotion of the complete oxidation mechanism of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. Formulations including bi- and tri-composite catalysts were fabricated and in many cases show the highest catalytic oxidation, suggesting tertiary catalytic effects. The combination of bi-metallic composites with ceria also showed highly increased catalytic oxidation ability. The following dissertation expounds on the relationship between composite material and the electrooxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. The full electrochemical and material characterization of each composite electrode is provided.
Download or read book Fuel Cell Catalysis written by Andrzej Wieckowski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wiley Series on Electrocatalysis and Electrochemistry Fuel Cell Catalysis A Surface Science Approach A Core reference on fuel cell catalysis Fuel cells represent an important alternative energy source and a very active area of research. Fuel Cell Catalysis brings together world leaders in this field, providing a unique combination of state-of-the-art theory and computational and experimental methods. With an emphasis on understanding fuel cell catalysis at the molecular level, this text covers fundamental principles, future challenges, and important current research themes. Fuel Cell Catalysis: Provides a molecular-level description of catalysis for low-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells, including both hydrogen-oxygen cells and direct alcohol cells Examines catalysis issues of both anode and cathode such as oxygen reduction, alcohol oxidation, and CO tolerance Features a timely and forward-looking approach through emphasis on novel aspects such as computation and bio-inspiration Reviews the use and potential of surface-sensitive techniques like vibrational spectroscopy (IR, Raman, nonlinear spectroscopy, laser), scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray scattering, NMR, electrochemical techniques, and more Reviews the use and potential of such modern computational techniques as DFT, ab initio MD, kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, and more Surveys important trends in reactivity and structure sensitivity, nanoparticles, "dynamic" catalysis, electrocatalysis vs. gas-phase catalysis, new experimental techniques, and nontraditional catalysts This cutting-edge collection offers a core reference for electrochemists, electrocatalysis researchers, surface and physical chemists, chemical and automotive engineers, and researchers in academia, research institutes, and industry.
Download or read book Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells written by Minhua Shao and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells" that was published in Catalysts
Download or read book Electrochemical Studies of Methanol Oxidation Reactions at Platinum and Platinum ruthenium Nanoparticle Catalysts in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by Zachary Eason and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This project aims to investigate an efficient and economic platinum-based catalyst system in DMFCs. The research focused on studying the reactivity of four nanoparticle catalysts on a gold electrode towards methanol oxidation reactions." -- Abstract
Download or read book Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts written by Radoslav Adzic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-08-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a science and technology of a new type of electrocatalysts consisting of a single atomic layer of platinum on suitable supports. This development helped overcome three major obstacles—catalysts‘ cost, activity, and stability—for a broad range of fuel cell applications. The volume begins with a short introduction to the science of electrocatalysis, covering four reactions important for energy conversion in fuel cells. A description follows of the properties of metal monolayers on electrode surfaces, and underpotential deposition of metals. The authors then describe the concept of Pt monolayer electrocatalysts and its implications and their synthesis by galvanic displacement of less-noble metal monolayers and other methods. The main part of the book presents a discussion of catalysts’ characterization and catalytic properties of Pt monolayers for the four main reactions of electrochemical energy conversion: oxygen reduction and oxidation of hydrogen, methanol and ethanol. The book concludes with a treatment of scale-up syntheses, fuel cell tests, catalysts’ stability and application prospects.
Download or read book Advanced Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells written by Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Varela and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the reader to the state of the art in nanostructured anode and cathode electrocatalysts for low-temperature acid and alkaline fuel cells. It explores the electrocatalysis of anode (oxidation of organic molecules) and cathode (oxygen reduction) reactions. It also offers insights into metal-carbon interactions, correlating them with the catalytic activity of the electrochemical reactions. The book explores the electrocatalytic behaviour of materials based on noble metals and their alloys, as well as metal-metal oxides and metal-free nanostructures. It also discusses the surface and structural modification of carbon supports to enhance the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts for fuel-cell reactions.
Download or read book Nano electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction written by Omar Solorza Feria and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-21 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming switches our reliance from fossil fuels to green, sustainable renewable energy sources. Because of its promising nature, high-efficiency nano-electrocatalysts have sparked interest in renewable energy. Hydrogen fuel cell/polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) vehicles are the most environmentally conscious electromobility vehicles, with a high energy density and quick refuelling technology, prompting the auto industry to launch a variety of PEM fuel cell vehicles around the world. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) primary research interests include fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The sluggish kinetic reaction of ORR, which is responsible for the rate-limiting reaction at the PEM fuel cell cathodic system, further decreases energy efficiency. Optimising ORR for market expansion with cost-effective and efficient nano-electrocatalysts, on the other hand, remains a challenge. The book covers fundamental ORR reaction kinetics theories, tools, and techniques. It also explains the nano electrocatalysts for ORR made of noble, non-noble, and nanocarbon materials. Finally, the book explores the applications of PEM fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
Download or read book Characterization of Novel Catalysts for Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by Hwangchan Yoo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Hydrogen Production written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Hydrogen Production provides readers with an introduction to the processes and technologies used in major hydrogen production methods. This book serves as a unique source for information on advanced hydrogen generation systems and applications (including integrated systems, hybrid systems, and multigeneration systems with hydrogen production). Advanced and clean technologies are linked to environmental impact issues, and methods for sustainable development are thoroughly discussed. With Earth’s fast-growing populations, we face the challenge of rapidly rising energy needs. To balance these we must explore more sustainable methods of energy production. Hydrogen is one key sustainable method because of its versatility. It is a constituent of a large palette of essential materials, chemicals, and fuels. It is a source of power and a source of heat. Because of this versatility, the demand for hydrogen is sure to increase as we aim to explore more sustainable methods of energy. Furthermore, Sustainable Hydrogen Production provides methodologies, models, and analysis techniques to help achieve better use of resources, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. The book is intellectually rich and interesting as well as practical. The fundamental methods of hydrogen production are categorized based on type of energy source: electrical, thermal, photonic, and biochemical. Where appropriate, historical context is introduced. Thermodynamic concepts, illustrative examples, and case studies are used to solve concrete power engineering problems. Addresses the fundamentals of hydrogen production using electrical, thermal, photonic, and biochemical energies Presents new models, methods, and parameters for performance assessment Provides historical background where appropriate Outlines key connections between hydrogen production methods and environmental impact/sustainable development Provides illustrative examples, case studies, and study problems within each chapter
Download or read book Electrochemical Study of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Development of Pt Based Catalysts for Electro oxidation of Ethanol written by Guangchun Li and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Methanol Electro oxidation for Direct Methanol air Fuel Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Energy Storage and Distribution of the US Department of Energy (DOE) supports the development of a methanol-air fuel cell for transportation application. The approach used at Los Alamos National Laboratory converts the methanol fuel to a hydrogen-rich gas in a reformer, then operates the fuel cell on hydrogen and air. The reformer tends to be bulky (raising vehicle packaging problems), has a long startup period, and is not well suited for the transient operation required in a vehicle. Methanol, however, can be oxidized electrochemically in the fuel cell. If this process can be conducted efficiently, a direct methanol-air fuel cell can be used, which does not require a reformer. The objective of this study is to assess the potential of developing a suitable catalyst for the direct electrochemical oxidation of methanol. The primary conclusion of this study is that no acceptable catalysts exist can efficiently oxidize methanol electrochemically and have the desired cost and lifetime for vehicle applications. However, recent progress in understanding the mechanism of methanol oxidation indicates that a predictive base can be developed to search for methanol oxidation catalysts and can be used to methodically develop improved catalysts. Such an approach is strongly recommended. The study also recommends that until further progress in developing high-performance catalysts is achieved, research in cell design and testing is not warranted. 43 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.
Download or read book Electrochemical and Transmission Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Methanol Oxidation Reactions at Platinum and Platinum ruthenium Fuel Cell Catalysts written by Lin Gao and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Combined Electrochemical and X ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Approach to Electrocatalysis written by Matthew A. Rigsby and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques have been used to study commercial and model electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications. The overlying goal of this work is to gain a better understanding of the effects that electronic structure changes have on electrocatalytic systems. As a starting point, commercial Pt/Ru alloy nanoparticles of different compositions were investigated as catalysts for the electrooxidation of methanol and formic acid. In the course of the study of electrooxidation of methanol, it was found to be very difficult, if not impossible, to separate the effects of the bifunctional mechanism and the electronic structure effects that might play a role in the activity. However, due to the difference in reaction pathways, data for electrooxidation of formic acid, in conjunction with photoelectron spectroscopy, confirm a definitive contribution from electronic structure on the reactivity, demonstrating a direct connection with theory in heterogeneous catalysis. Another commercially available catalyst, nanoparticle Pt3Co alloy, was studied as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in both acidic and alkaline media. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods indicated that the as-received catalyst consisted of both metallic cobalt and cobalt oxides, and that a dissolution of the cobalt oxides occurred during electrochemical treatments in acidic media to form a Pt-skin structure, whereas the catalyst was stable in alkaline media. The Pt3Co catalyst was found to have better activity than Pt black catalysts in acidic media, but worse activity in alkaline media. Photoelectron spectroscopic results showed that the core-level binding energy of the platinum shifts to higher values in the alloy. This result indicates that an electronic effect is the probable reason for the improved activity of the Pt-skin catalyst. Attention was then turned to model catalysts, which provide a simplified method of studying fundamental electrocatalyst properties. To this end, platinum was deposited on a Rh(111) surface in order to obtain a range of coverage. The resulting Pt-decorated electrodes were probed by photoelectron spectroscopy in order to determine the shift in the core-level binding energy of platinum as a function of coverage. The platinum core-levels were found to shift to higher binding energy, in a manner consistent with electronic effects induced by lattice strain, charge transfer, and orbital rehybridization. In order to provide more information on the nature of electronic effects in metal-metal bonds, the core-level binding energies of underpotentially-deposited copper and silver on a Rh(111) electrode surface were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Through XPS, the examined surfaces were found to contain carbon, oxygen, and sulfur or chlorine species, which confirmed the presence of anions at the Rh(111) surface, in addition to the deposited metals. The core-level binding energies for underpotentially-deposited copper and silver displayed negative shifts with respect to both the bulk deposits and clean metal references. These negative shifts were explained in terms of contributions from charge transfer, orbital rehybridization, and lattice strain.
Download or read book Final Technical Report Bimetallic Complexes as Methanol Oxidation Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our work on the electrocatalyzed oxidation of methanol was initially motivated by the interest in methanol as an anodic reactant in fuel cells. The literature on electrochemical oxidation of alcohols can be roughly grouped into two sets: fuel cell studies and inorganic chemistry studies. Work on fuel cells primarily focuses on surface-catalyzed oxidation at bulk metal anodes, usually Pt or Pt/Ru alloys. In the surface science/electrochemistry approach to these studies, single molecule catalysts are generally not considered. In contrast, the inorganic community investigates the electrooxidation of alcohols in homogeneous systems. Ruthenium complexes have been the most common catalysts in these studies. The alcohol substrates are typically either secondary alcohols (e.g., isopropanol) such that the reaction stops after 2 e− oxidation to the aldehyde and 4 e− oxidation to the carboxylic acid can be observed. Methanol, which can also undergo 6 e− oxidation to CO2, rarely appears in the homogeneous catalysis studies. Surface studies have shown that two types of metal centers with different functions result in more effective catalysts than a single metal; however, application of this concept to homogeneous systems has not been demonstrated. The major thrust of the work is to apply this insight from the surface studies to homogeneous catalysis. Even though homogeneous systems would not be appropriate models for active sites on Pt/Ru anodes, it is possible that heterobimetallic catalysts could also utilize two metal centers for different roles. Starting from that perspective, this work involves the preparation and investigation of heterobinuclear catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol.
