Download or read book Studies of the Influence of Companion Crops on the Establishment of Alfalfa and Birdsfoot Trefoil written by Madhabendra Nath Bandyopadhyay and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting Establishment Survival and Production of Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus Corniculatus L and Alfalfa Medicago Sativa L written by Clee Scott Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field, greenhouse, growth chamber and laboratory experiments evaluated factors affecting establishment, survival and production of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Field studies investigated the effects of a barley companion crop, seedling year harvest management and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization upon stands, survival and subsequent production of legumes. Seedings were made in each of two years. Stands of legumes were not affected by fertilization or harvest management, but decreased with increasing levels of companion crop competition. Death of seedlings occurred early in the establishment period and the degree of loss was similar for both species. Additional losses of plants did not occur during the establishment year. Losses of birdsfoot trefoil plants established with a companion crop occurred during the first winter following seeding. Stand reduction in the seeding year persisted for the duration of the experiment. Companion crops inhibited the growth of surviving seedlings. Growth inhibition was less when barley was clipped periodically than when it was matured to grain. In the absence of a companion crop, growth of seedlings was inhibited more by frequent clipping of thin weed stands than by allowing weeds to mature. Yields of weeds were inversely proportional to density of barley plants. Wild oats was more detrimental to seedling growth and was less readily controlled by clipping than redroot pigweed or pigeon grass. The percentage of solar radiation intercepted by barley varied from 89 in early morning or late evening to 22 at noon. Light intensity was reduced more by barley in early season and less by barley in late season than by wild oats. Yields of mixtures in the year after seeding were reduced as a result of establishment with a companion crop and to a greater degree and for a longer period of time when barley had been allowed to mature. Yield reductions of legumes were compensated for by increased grass yields. Grass grown with birdsfoot trefoil yielded significantly more in early season and significantly less in late season than grass grown with alfalfa. Greenhouse studies evaluated the influenee of soil temperature and phosphorus fertilization upon growth and phosphorus uptake of birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa. Root growth of both species increased with increasing soil temperatures. Weight of alfalfa roots was twice that of birdsfoot trefoil at all temperatures. Top growth of birdsfoot trefoil increaeed to a greater degree than that of alfalfa with increasing temperature. The greater top growth of birdsfoot trefoil resulted in reduced root-shoot ratios. Birdsfoot trefoil produced less dry matter per cm.2 of leaf area than alfalfa. Root growth of both species increased with increasing applications of P fertilizer. Phosphorus appeared to be more important to growth at low than at high temperatures. Phosphorus and nitrogen uptake by both species increased with increasing soil temperature. Growth chamber studies evaluated the influence of low light intensities and seedling age upon growth of seedlings and distribution of accumulated dry matter. Seedlings gained weight at light intensities of 200 to 800 f.c. With decreasing light intensity, stem elongation occurred at the expense of roots. A smaller percentage of accumulated dry matter went into roots of two-week than in older seedlings. Roots of two-week old seedlings of alfalfa lost weight at 200 f.c. Laboratory studies evaluated oxygen uptake of germinating birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa seeds. Average oxygen uptake by both species on a per unit weight basis was similar. Alfalfa, due to its greater size, had a greater oxygen uptake on a per plant basis than did birdsfoot trefoil.
Download or read book Influence of Companion Crops and Chemical Weed Control on Establishment of Alfalfa Medicago Sativa L and Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus Corniculatus L in Susquehanna County written by Doyle Larue Thomas and published by . This book was released on with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Establishment and Production of Birdsfoot Trefoil grass Compared to Alfalfa grass Mixtures Under Several Cultural Practices written by Clee S. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Companion Crop and Management in the Seeding Year on the Establishment of Alfalfa and Red Clover written by Leslie J. Klebesadel and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Various Companion Crops on the Estblishment of Alfalfa Seedings written by Robert Eugene Briggs and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Late Summer Establishment of Alfalfa and Birdsfoot Trefoil as Related to Date and Method of Seeding written by D. W. Allinson and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1976-06 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Establishment of Alfalfa Birdsfoot Trefoil Bromegrass and Timothy as Affected by Companion Crop and Management written by Jean Genest (MSc) and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Establishment of Alfalfa Birdsfoot Trefoil Bromegrass and Timothy as Affected by Companion Crop and Management Microfilm written by Jean Genest and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Companion Crops Spacing of Companion Crops Date of Seeding and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Establishment of Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus Corniculatus L written by James Price Worthington and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Report U S Regional Pasture Research Laboratory State College Pennsylvania Division of Forage Corps and Diseases Bureau of Plant Industry and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of the Northeastern States Cooperating written by United States. Regional Pasture Research Laboratory, University Park, Pa and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Effects of Early Defoliation on Alfalfa Medicago Sativa L and Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus Corniculatus L Seedlings written by David Daniel Henry and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Herbicides Phosphorus Fertilization and Mechanical and Chemical Seedbed Preparation on the Establishment of Alfalfa Medicago Sativa L and Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus Conrniculatus L written by Ramon Valdes Lamar and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initial establishment of legume forage crops is of prime importance in determining future forage and seed production. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of herbicides, phosphorus fertilization, and seedbed preparation on the establishment of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. Experiments were designed to study the influence of herbicides applied alone or in combination with phosphorus fertilization on the establishment of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. The phosphorus treatments consisted of different levels of P2O5 (0-50-100 pounds per acre) using two methods of application, broadcast and band. The herbicide treatments included Ethyl N, N-dipropylthiolcarbamate (EPTC) at 3 pounds active ingredient per acre (lb. ai/A) + 4-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid (2, 4-DB amine) at 1 lb. ai/A; EPTC 3 lb. ai/A + 2-sec-butyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol (DNBP amine) at 2 lb. ai/A; 2, 2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) 5 lb. ai/A + 2, 4-DB amine 1 lb. ai/A; and an untreated control. EPTC was applied as a pre-plant incorporated treatment, whereas DNBP, 2, 4-DB, and dalapon were applied when the legumes were in the two to four true leaf stage of growth. Results for both alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil were similar. Phosphorus applications did not enhance the establishment of the legumes. This may have been due to an adequate phosphorus supply already present in the soil. Phosphorus application without herbicide application resulted in weedy stands in which the legume yield was greatly reduced. The addition of phosphorus to herbicide treatments did not enhance the yield of alfalfa or birdsfoot trefoil any more than did the herbicide treatments alone. The effectiveness of herbicide applications in eliminating weed competition from the legume seedlings varied considerably. The best treatment for the establishment of both alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil was the combination of EPTC + DNBP amine. This treatment gave good to excellent control of oats (Ayena spp.), ryegrass (Lolium spp.), cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.), burnet (Sanguisorba spp.), henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.), and mayweed (Anthemis cotula L.); fair control of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.), and wild mustard (Brassica kaber (D.C.) Wheeler var. pinnatifida (Stokes) Wheeler); and poor control of vetch (Vicia spp.). EPTC + 2, 4-DB amine was significantly better than dalapon + 2, 4-DB or the untreated control. This combination gave good to excellent control of oats, ryegrass, burnet, henbit, and mayweed, but poor control of wild radish, wild mustard, cornflower, and vetch. The dalapon + 2, 4-DB amine treatment was not significantly different from the check and resulted in poor control of all weed species. Two experiments were designed to compare the effectiveness of chemical seedbed preparation using 1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-dipyridy-lium salt (Paraquat), mechanical seedbed preparation by use of a rotary tiller or a rake, and the chemical treatment of EPTC 3 lb. ai/A + DNBP amine 2 lb. ai/A on the establishment of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. Duplicate experiments were conducted on alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. The treatment involving EPTC + DNBP amine was the most effective treatment for the establishment of both alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. Paraquat and rototilling or raking were ineffective in controlling weeds. In each case, the high weed population greatly decreased the alfalfa or birdsfoot trefoil yields. The poor results obtained with paraquat were due to poor weed emergence prior to the application of the chemical. Raking gave poor control of germinating weed seeds present in the top inches of the soil. The rotary tilling may have brought dormant weed seeds to the surface where they germinated and emerged after the tillage treatment.
Download or read book Forages Volume 2 written by Kenneth J. Moore and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forages: The Science of Grassland Agriculture, 7th Edition, Volume II will extensively evaluate the current knowledge and information on forage agriculture. Chapters written by leading researchers and authorities in grassland agriculture are aggregated under section themes, each one representing a major topic within grassland science and agriculture. This 7th edition will include two new additional chapters covering all aspects of forage physiology in three separate chapters, instead of one in previous editions. Chapters will be updated throughout to include new information that has developed since the last edition. This new edition of the classic reference serves as a comprehensive supplement to An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture, Volume I.
Download or read book The Establishment of Birdsfoot Trefoil as Influenced by Several Environmental Factors written by Harry Talbot Bryant and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
