Download or read book Studies in Cranial Variation written by Frank Russell and published by . This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Modern Human Diversity written by Marta Mirazón Lahr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-05-30 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the two main theories of how and where humans evolved.
Download or read book Cranial variation in man written by William White Howells and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cranial Variation in Southern Africa written by Daniel Franklin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of Cranial Variation in Two Recent Human Populations written by Patrick J. Key and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Cranial Variation in Man written by Michael John Walker and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A multivariate study of cranial variation in Middle and Upper Pleistocene human populations written by Chris (Christopher Brian) Stringer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cranial Variation in Australian and CircumAustralian Populations written by Michael Pietrusewsky and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brief report on examination of Aboriginal crania in a number of collections in Australia drawn from a number of regions and from archaeological sites.
Download or read book If and how Many races written by Bridget Algee-Hewitt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in human cranial variation are extensive and widely discussed. While skeletal biologists continue to focus on questions of biological distance and population history, group-specific knowledge is being increasingly used for human identification in medico-legal contexts. The importance of this research has been often overshadowed by both philosophic and methodological concerns. Many analyses have been constrained in their scope by the limited availability of representative samples and readily criticized for adopting statistical techniques that require user-guidance and a priori information. A multi-part project is presented here that implements model-based clustering as an alternative approach for population studies using craniometric traits. This project also introduces the use of forced-directed graphing and mixture-based supervised classification methods as statistically robust and practically useful techniques. This project considers three well-documented craniometric sources, whose samples collectively permit large-scale analyses and tests of population structure at a variety of partitions and for different goals. The craniofacial measurements drawn from the world-wide data sets collected by Howells and Hanihara permit rigorous tests for group differences and cryptic population structure. The inclusion of modern American samples from the Forensic Anthropology Data Bank allows for investigations into the importance of biosocial race and biogeographic ancestry in forensic anthropology. Demographic information from the United States Census Bureau is used to contextualize these samples within the range of the racial diversity represented in the American population-at-large. This project's findings support the presence of population structure, the utility of finite mixture methods to questions of biological classification, and the validity of supervised discrimination methods as reliable tools. They also attest to the importance of context for producing the most useful information on identity and affinity. These results suggest that a meaningful relationship between statistically inferred clusters and predefined groups does exist and that population-informative differences in cranial morphology can be detected with measured degrees of statistical certainty, even when true memberships are unknown. They imply, in turn, that the estimation of biogeographic ancestry and the identification of biosocial race in forensic anthropology can provide useful information for modern American casework that can be evidenced by scientific methods.
Download or read book Cranial Variations in Man written by William W. Howells and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Quantitative Study of Central European Human Cranial Variation from the Early Neolithic to the Iron Age written by Olivia Cheronet and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Cranial Variation in Man written by Stanley Lorin Larnach and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating Cranial Variation in Japanese Populations Using Geometric Morphometrics written by Beatrix Dudzik and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese archipelago exhibits an immense amount of variation in culture and history, despite the lay population mostly considering the modern Japanese a homogeneous population. Japan has experienced an amazing amount migration activity. These migration events are well represented in the archaeological record and have provided fodder for hypotheses proposed for peopling of the new world. Biological anthropologists have tested hypotheses surrounding the initial peopling of the islands using linear data in conjunction with non-metric traits of the skull. Recent molecular studies have provided evidence for population substructure, which suggests an original founding group of North Asian descent, and a more recent migration into Southern Japan from the Korean peninsula. The secondary migration interbred with the indigenous Jomon inhabitants, ultimately giving rise to two distinct genetic lineages. An examination of a variety of skeletal collections from a range of temporal and regional samples in Japan allows for an expansion of hypotheses proposed by previous research to explain the range of variation observed through time and space in Japan. This study aims to build upon research endeavors that have quantified various aspects of skeletal morphology represented in Japan. This study reexamines the majority of analyses that have used metric data by using three dimensional data (3D). 3D or coordinate data can be used to better identify evolutionary patterns in biological populations via geometric morphometric approaches. Samples utilized represents skeletal collections of a nearly temporally continuous sequence that encompasses the indigenous Jomon culture that dates to 10,000 BP to the modern period. Results highlight the utility of comparisons of various types of data that represent morphological variation. It is argued that 3D data can provide novel results and thus the reexamination of a host of hypothesis that examine morphology of the cranium is warranted.
Download or read book Cranial Base Growth written by Richard Andrew Pedersen and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cranial Morphology Variation and Integration in Homo Sapiens written by Whitney B Reiner and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Cranial Morphology, Variation, and Integration in Homo sapiens by Whitney Brooke Reiner, Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Leslea Hlusko, Chair Herein I present three separate manuscripts pertaining to cranial morphology, variation, and integration in humans. The first manuscript introduces a newly recovered partial calvaria, OH 83, from the upper Ndutu Beds of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. I present the geological context of its discovery, a comparative analysis of its morphology, and place OH 83 within the context of our current understanding of the origins and evolution of Homo sapiens. The morphology of OH 83 was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative data from penecontemporaneous fossils and the W.W. Howells modern human craniometric dataset. OH 83 is geologically dated to ca. 60-32 ka. Its morphology is indicative of an early modern human, falling at the low end of the range of variation for post-orbital cranial breadth, the high end of the range for bifrontal breadth, and near average in frontal length. There have been numerous attempts to use cranial anatomy to define the species Homo sapiens and identify it in the fossil record. These efforts have not met wide agreement by the scientific community due, in part, to the mosaic patterns of cranial variation represented by the fossils. The variable, mosaic pattern of trait expression in the crania of Middle and Late Pleistocene fossils implies that morphological modernity did not occur at once. However, OH 83 demonstrates that by ca. 60-32 ka modern humans in Africa included individuals that are at the fairly small and gracile range of modern human variation. In the second manuscript I provide craniometric data from Early Period (ca. 5000 B.P.) hunter-gatherers from the Sacramento Valley and the San Francisco Bay Area that represent some of the earliest indigenous Californians. I compare these data to the published worldwide human craniometric data set to provide perspectives on the range of human variation and the inter-relatedness of that variation. I collected 76 cranial measurements and five indices from 59 adult crania collected using a three-dimensional (3D) digitizer (MicroScribe G2, Immersion Corporation), following published protocols associated with the comparative data set. I conducted two sets of analyses exploring the range of variation, and calculating correlations. My analyses reveal that the Early Period Native Californians extends the known range of variation for 20 measurements. For six of the measurements, the smaller end of the range is extended, while the higher end of the range is extended for 14 measurements. For Native Americans, the Early Period Native Californians extend the range for 53 measurements, four of which are extended at both ends of the range. Correlation matrices for these data suggest the face is an integrated region of the cranium across modern humans, but specific patterns of correlation within and between regions of the cranium varied across populations. The early Native Californian crania exhibited the strongest overall correlations, differing significantly from the other samples (Mantel test, p
Download or read book Cranial Variation and the Dispersal of Modern Humans in South Asia written by Samanti Warusawithana-Kulatilake and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cranial Variation Between EBIV and MBII written by Noemi Acreche and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
