Download or read book Structure property Relationships of New Bismuth and Lead Oxide Based Perovskite Ternary Solid Solutions written by Akansha Dwivedi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure and Piezoelectric Properties of Lead free Bismuth based Perovskite Solid Solutions written by Chien-Chih Huang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new group of lead free piezoelectric perovskite solid solutions, (1-x)Bi(B'B")O3-xABO3, were obtained via solid-state processing techniques. The solubility of unstable perovskite Bi(B'B")O3 compounds into stable perovskite compounds was found to be related to the tolerance factor of the ABO3 perovskite endmembers. The morphotropic phase boundary (MBP) in perovskite solid solutions based on (1-x)Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-xBaTiO3 has been measured at x[approx. = to]0.9 by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Most of the work in this thesis was focused on the structure and electrical behavior of Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 (BZT) solid solutions with different ABO3 end members. Dielectric characterization revealed that the trend of transition temperature Tm as a function of composition for BZT-ABO3 solid solutions can be described by two types. In the first type, Tm decreased linearly or non-linearly until a second phase appeared, e.g. BZT-(Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3. In the second type, Tm decreased to a minimum (usually below room temperature) and then increased as BZT content increased, e.g. BZT-BaTiO3. In addition, with substitution of Li for Na in Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-NaNbO3 the diffuseness of the transition peak decreased and transition temperature increased. Hysteresis measurements indicated that the ferroelectric state of NaNbO3, (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 and BaTiO3 can be induced or enhanced with small amounts of BZT. However, added BZT content resulted in the transition from a normal ferroelectric state to quasi-relaxor state. The ternary system BiScO3-Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-BaTiO3 was also studied in terms of structure and dielectric behavior.
Download or read book Crystal Chemistry and Properties of Bismuth modified Complex Oxide Perovskites written by Alisa Rae-Ling Paterson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a great interest in developing new high-performance piezo-/ferroelectric materials that are lead-reduced or lead-free. This work focuses on using bismuth as a lead alternative, and studies solid solutions based on the end-member Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 (BZN). First, ceramics of the (1-x)PbTiO3-xBi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 [(1-x)PT-xBZN] solid solution were synthesized. The tetragonality (c/a ratio) and A-site displacement increase with increasing BZN content, as revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Dielectric measurements show that the Curie temperature TC increases with increasing BZN up to a maximum of 520 °C for the composition of x = 0.20. These results indicate the structural origin of the enhanced tetragonality and properties that arise from the increased anisotropy in the Bi-bonding environment with the increased substitution of Bi3+, with its 6s2 stereochemically active lone electron pair. Synchrotron X-ray pair distribution functions (PDFs) reveal that the tetragonal distortions are preserved down to the local scale, suggesting that studies of the average structure provide reasonable insight into the structure-property relationships in this system. These results provide guidance for designing new materials with high TC. Single crystals of (1-x)PT-xBZN were then successfully grown using the high-temperature solution growth (HTSG) method. The dielectric measurements indicate the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition at an average TC of 436 °C. Polarized light microscopy reveals the domain structure of tetragonal symmetry, with domain walls oriented along the 100cub directions, and birefringence measurements as a function of temperature confirmed the first order phase transition. HTSG allows for a higher BZN content to be incorporated into the crystals in comparison to their ceramic counterpart. Moving toward lead-free materials, ceramics of a novel solid solution, (1−x)BaTiO3 xBi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 (BT-BZN) were synthesized. With increasing BZN content, the materials show a decrease in tetragonality and undergo a transition to pseudocubic symmetry, which is accompanied by a crossover from normal ferroelectric to relaxor behaviour. This crossover is explained by increased cationic disorder that disrupts the ferroelectric order. Synchrotron X-ray PDF analysis reveals that all the compositions show local tetragonal distortions that decrease at larger scales to reach the average structure, demonstrating the striking difference between the local and long-range structures.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Lead free Perovskite Solid Solutions written by Jenny Yeuw Yeen Wong and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piezo-/ferroelectrics form an important class of functional materials that can transduce mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice versa. They have large impacts in medicine (ultrasound imaging), in naval exploration/defence (sonar) and in consumer products (random access memories, capacitors). Currently, there is high interest in the development of new lead-free materials due to health and environmental risk factors of high-performance lead-based materials, such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3. One promising lead-free system is the (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) solid solution, as it has a high Curie temperature, which allows for a wide operating temperature range for devices. In order to better understand the structure and property relations, single crystals are needed. In this work, single crystals of K0.1Na0.9NbO3 (KNN) and 0.98K0.8Na0.2NbO3 - 0.02LiNbO3 (KNN-LN) have been grown using a high-temperature solution growth method with K2CO3 and B2O3 as flux. Polarized light microscopy was used to study the Na-rich KNN crystals, and the phase diagram on the Na-rich end of the (1-x)KNbO3 - xNaNbO3 solid solution has been updated. With the intention of addressing the issue of composition segregation, a modified vapour transport equilibration technique has been developed and demonstrated to be a viable approach to increase the Li-content in the KNN-LN crystals. In addition, a new ternary solid solution of y(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 - (1-y)[(1-x)Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 - xBaTiO3] has been synthesized in the form of ceramics with compositions of y = 0.96 to y = 0.98 and its partial phase diagram has been established. Aside from KNN-based materials, translucent ceramics of (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 - xAgNbO3 (NBT-AN) and (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 - xAgTaO3 (NBT-AT) have been successfully prepared via a solid state method under ambient pressure. The dielectric permittivity as a function of temperature is found to be constant for compositions of x > 0.12 (e.g. its variation is within ±10 % for both NBT-AN and NBT-AT (x = 0.16) between 0 °C and 350 °C), while the polarization versus electric field relation shows pure capacitive behaviour up to 250 °C. With these properties, NBT-AN and NBT-AT are promising candidates for electro-optics and/or high-temperature capacitors.
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Characterization of High temperature and High performance Piezo ferroelectric Perovskite Materials written by Yi Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perovskite materials, which constitute one of the most important categories of functional materials due to their superior piezo-/ferroelectric properties, have attracted enormous research interest in materials science and engineering. Rising demands for advanced electromechanical transducers in a wide range of applications have set the challenge for perovskite materials to not only exhibit good piezo-/ferroelectric performance but also to be able to function over wider temperature and electric field ranges. The currently commercial piezo-/ferroelectric perovskite materials suffer from serious issues like a low Curie temperature TC, an even lower phase transition temperature TMPB, and a low coercive field, which makes them unsuitable for high-temperature and/or high-power electromechanical transduction applications. This thesis work focuses on developing high-temperature and high-performance piezo-/ferroelectric perovskite materials, and establishing the structure-property relationships in the available perovskite material systems. Under this objective, a few promising material systems, including the new bismuth-based complex perovskite solid solution (1-x)PbTiO3-xBi(Zn2/3Ta1/3)O3 (BZTa-PT) in the form of ceramics and single crystals, the pseudo-binary (1-x)(0.35BiScO3-0.65PbTiO3)-xPbZrO3 (BS-PT-xPZ) ceramics, and the single crystals of 0.33Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.23PbZrO3-0.44PbTiO3 (0.33PYN-0.23PZ0.44PT) and 0.25BiScO3-0.17PbZrO3-0.58PbTiO3 (0.25BS-0.17PZ-0.58PT) ternary systems, have been developed in this work. These material systems show high Curie temperatures, enhanced coercive fields, and competitive piezoelectric performance. They constitute new families of piezo-/ferroelectric materials for high-temperature and high-power electromechanical applications. Furthermore, the structure-property correlations in bismuth-based perovskite solid solutions, such as the structural origin for non-monotonic TC trend, the tetragonality relationship with TC and piezo-/ferroelectric performance, the crystal chemistry correlations between piezo-/ferroelectricity and morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), are established, which provide a more insightful understanding of the structure-property correlations in these material systems and a comprehensive guidance for the design and development of novel high-performance piezo-/ferroelectric materials in the future.
Download or read book Bibliography written by Pierre Villars and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 1827 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By browsing about 10 000 000 scientific articles of over 200 major journals mainly in a 'cover to cover approach' some 200 000 publications were selected. The extracted data is part of the following fundamental material research fields: crystal structures (S), phase diagrams (also called constitution) (C) and the comprehensive field of intrinsic physical properties (P). This work has been done systematically starting with the literature going back to 1900. The above mentioned research field codes (S, C, P) as well as the chemical systems investigated in each publication were included in the present work. The aim of the Inorganic Substances Bibliography is to provide researchers with a comprehensive compilation of all up to now published scientific publications on inorganic systems in only three handy volumes.
Download or read book Ferroelectrics Literature Index written by T. F. Connolly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on ferroelectricity and ferroelectric materials started in 1920 with the discovery by Valasek that the variation of spontaneous polarization in Rochelle salt with sign and magnitude of an applied electric field traced a complete and reproducible hysteresis loop. Activity in the field was sporadic until 1935, when Busch and co-workers announced the observation of similar behavior in potassium dihydrogen phosphate and related compounds. Progress thereafter continued at a modest level with the undertaking of some theoretical as well as further experimental studies. In 1944, von Hippel and co-workers discovered ferroelectricity in barium titanate. The technological importance of ceramic barium titanate and other perovskites led to an upsurge of interest, with many new ferroelectrics being identified in the following decade. By 1967, about 2000 papers on various aspects of ferroelectricity had been published. The bulk of this widely dispersed literature was concerned with the experimental measurement of dielectric, crystallographic, thermal, electromechanical, elastic, optical, and magnetic properties. A critical and excellently organized cpmpilation based on these data appeared in 1969 with the publica tion of Landolt-Bornstein, Volume 111/3. This superb tabulation gave instant access to the results in the literature on nearly 450 pure substances and solid solutions of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials. Continuing interest in ferroelectrics, spurred by the growing importance of electrooptic crystals, resulted in the publication of almost as many additional papers by the end of 1969 as had been surveyed in Landolt-Bornstein.
Download or read book Ferroelectric Materials and Ferroelectricity written by T. F. Connolly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a joint effort of the Research Materials Information Center (RMIC) of the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Libraries and Information Systems Center at Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) Murray Hill, N. J. The Research Materials Information Center has, since 1963, been answering inquiries on the avail ability, preparation, and properties of inorganic solid-state research materials. The preparation of bibliographies has been essential to this function, and the interest in ferroelectrics led to the compila tion of the journal and report literature on that subject. The 1962 book Ferroelectric Crystals, by Jona and Shirane, was taken as a cutoff point, and all papers through mid-1969 received by the Center have been included. The Libraries and Information Systems Center of BTL has, over a period of years, developed a proprie tary package of computer programs called BELDEX, which formats and generates indexes to biblio graphic material. This group therefore undertook to process RMIC's ferroelectric references by BELDEX so that both laboratories could have the benefit of an indexed basic bibliography in this important research area.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineered Materials Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-04 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perovskite Materials written by Likun Pan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes the current state of the know-how in the field of perovskite materials: synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications. Most chapters include a review on the actual knowledge and cutting-edge research results. Thus, this book is an essential source of reference for scientists with research fields in energy, physics, chemistry and materials. It is also a suitable reading material for graduate students.
Download or read book Polar Oxides written by Rainer Waser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, more than 20 experts from leading research institutes around the world present the entire scope of this rapidly developing field. In so doing, they cover a wide range of topics, including the characterization and investigation of structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials, a well as phase transitions, electrical and optical properties and microscopic investigations. Another feature is a complete profile of the properties of polar oxides -- from their proof to their latest applications. Throughout, the authors review, discuss and assess the material properties with regard to new and advanced characterization and imaging techniques. For physicists, physicochemists, semiconductor and solid state physicists, materials scientists, and students of chemistry and physics.
Download or read book The Engineering Index Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its creation in 1884, Engineering Index has covered virtually every major engineering innovation from around the world. It serves as the historical record of virtually every major engineering innovation of the 20th century. Recent content is a vital resource for current awareness, new production information, technological forecasting and competitive intelligence. The world?s most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering database, Engineering Index contains over 10.7 million records. Each year, over 500,000 new abstracts are added from over 5,000 scholarly journals, trade magazines, and conference proceedings. Coverage spans over 175 engineering disciplines from over 80 countries. Updated weekly.
Download or read book Ceramic Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MAX Phases written by Michel W. Barsoum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive yet compact monograph, Michel W. Barsoum, one of the pioneers in the field and the leading figure in MAX phase research, summarizes and explains, from both an experimental and a theoretical viewpoint, all the features that are necessary to understand and apply these new materials. The book covers elastic, electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties in different temperature regimes. By bringing together, in a unifi ed, self-contained manner, all the information on MAX phases hitherto only found scattered in the journal literature, this one-stop resource offers researchers and developers alike an insight into these fascinating materials.
