Download or read book Structure and Dynamics of Compact Stars written by Omar Benhar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at providing an accessible, and yet comprehensive and self-contained discussion of compact stars. After a pedagogical introduction to the physics of white dwarfs, the bulk of the book is devoted to the analysis of the structure and dynamics of neutron stars. A great deal of emphasis is placed on the dynamical models underlying the description of neutron star matter at microscopic level. The analysis of these models is inherently cross-disciplinary - from nuclear and particle physics to astrophysics and condensed matter physics – and the relevant concepts are introduced following a didactic approach, drawing largely on the historical development of the field. The impact of the latest experimental data, such as gravitational waves emissions, and the potential of future observational developments in the new era of multimessenger astronomy are extensively discussed. This volume is intended to provide PhD students in physics and astrophysics with solid foundations for their future research career. It is also a useful tool for the broader audience of more advanced readers, working in the fields of nuclear and particle physics as well as gravitational physics.
Download or read book Compact Stars written by Norman K. Glendenning and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A whole decades research collated, organised and synthesised into one single book! Following a 60-page review of the seminal treatises of Misner, Thorne, Wheeler and Weinberg on general relativity, Glendenning goes on to explore the internal structure of compact stars, white dwarfs, neutron stars, hybrids, strange quark stars, both the counterparts of neutron stars as well as of dwarfs. This is a self-contained treatment and will be of interest to graduate students in physics and astrophysics as well as others entering the field.
Download or read book Chiral Nuclear Dynamics II written by Chang-Hwan Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the sequel to the first volume to treat in one effective field theory framework the physics of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. This is vital for understanding the high temperature phenomena taking place in relativistic heavy ion collisions and in the early Universe, as well as the high-density matter predicted to be present in compact stars. The underlying thesis is that what governs hadronic properties in a heat bath and/or a dense medium is hidden local symmetry which emerges from chiral dynamics of light quark systems and from the duality between QCD in 4D and bulk gravity in 5D as in AdS/QCD. Special attention is paid to hot matter relevant for relativistic heavy ion processes and to dense matter relevant for compact stars that are either stable or on the verge of collapse into black holes.
Download or read book Astrophysics in the XXI Century with Compact Stars written by César Augusto Zen Vasconcellos and published by . This book was released on 2022-10-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are reasons to believe the 21st century will be the best ever for astrophysics: the James Webb Space Telescope will extend nearly twenty times the present observational limit of visible light; neutrino massiveness opens a new window for exploration on dark energy and dark matter physics and is expected to provide insights into the fate of the Universe; the Higgs boson may allow for an understanding of the weakness of gravity; gravitational waves produced at the birth of the Universe and by compact stellar objects (supermassive black holes, black hole/neutron star mergers, gamma-ray bursts, white dwarf inspirals) have unveiled a new area of astronomy. Against this background, compact stars, the theme of this volume, present unique astrophysical laboratories for probing the fabric of space-time and the building blocks of matter and their interactions at physical regimes not attainable in terrestrial laboratories.
Download or read book Neutron Stars written by Nurgali Takibayev and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron stars represent natural laboratories where all kinds of processes and reactions take place in unusual and extremely dense matter. Neutron stars, being the compact objects of close attention for physicists and astronomers, are the sources of strictly periodic pulsed radiation. Every neutron star has its own unique characteristics of pulse frequency, radiation spectrum and intensity, but there are also the glitches and pauses that occur suddenly. All of this together raises many questions. For instance, what is the physics concerning these phenomena in general, and what changes can emerge in the properties of matter under extreme conditions specific to neutron stars? Investigation of some of these issues is one of the aims of this book, which is dedicated to the physics of neutron stars, in particular the influence of external fields and rotation on the properties of neutron stars, and reactions and transition of matter in its envelopes and depth. In this regard, the authors review the models of neutron stars involving not only local charge neutrality cases, but also the most recent models fulfilling global charge neutrality. The weak interactions are taken into account by requiring the β stability of the system. The strong interactions, processes and reactions are described on the basis of the methods of few-body and cluster physics in a wide range of densities. Both electromagnetic and gravitational interactions are accounted for when constructing the equation of the neutron star matter and the equilibrium structure of the system. The Einstein field equations are solved for static and rotating neutron stars equilibrium configurations. Basic parameters of neutron stars such as mass-radius relations, mass-central density relation and so on are calculated by fulfilling stability criteria required for stable neutron star configurations. The relativistic quadrupole moment takes into account the deviations due to rotation and deformation. In this respect, the class of axisymmetric static and stationary quadrupolar metrics, which satisfy Einsteins equations in empty space and in the presence of matter represented by a perfect fluid, is considered. The physical conditions that must be satisfied for a particular spacetime metric to describe the gravitational field of compact stars are formulated. It is also important to develop powerful tools for investigating the processes in nuclear cluster studies in association with stellar environment, including neutron stars. These tools are different variants of microscopic cluster models, which allow one to study and to predict the dynamics of numerous processes and nuclear reactions taking place at various objects in our Universe. The effects of density oscillation in some layers of neutron star envelopes are investigated in the frame of Faddeev equations in the case of neutron resonances that appear in crystalline nuclei structures. The authors formulate new experiments of thermal neutron scattering on piezo crystalline targets to imitate oscillation effects in neutron star envelopes. The main purpose of this book is to investigate processes, phenomena and reactions in neutron star physics with fundamental interactions described in a self-consistent manner to highlight some interesting effects using few-body and other analytical/numerical methods.
Download or read book Effective Field Theories For Nuclei And Compact star Matter Chiral Nuclear Dynamics Cnd iii written by Yong-liang Ma and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective field theories have been widely used in nuclear physics. This volume is devoted to exploring the intricate structure of compact-star matter inaccessible directly from QCD. It is principally anchored on hidden symmetries and topology presumed to be encoded in QCD. It differs from standard effective field theory and energy density functional approaches in that it exploits renormalization-group flow in the complex 'vacuum' sliding with density inferred from topology change identified as a manifestation of baryon-quark continuity in dense matter. It makes a variety of predictions that drastically differ from the conventional treatments that could be tested by upcoming terrestrial and astrophysical experiments.This monograph recounts how to go, in one unique field theoretic formalism in terms of hadronic degrees of freedom, from finite nuclei to dense compact-star matter that could be explored in RIB-type machines in nuclear physics as well as in LIGO-type gravity waves in astrophysics.
Download or read book Structure and Dynamics of Elementary Matter written by Walter Greiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ladies and gentlemen, dear colleagues, welcome to Kemer to the NATO Advanced Study Institute Structure and Dynamics of Elementary Matter. We have chosen Kemer as the place of our NASI because it is located in a be- tiful and hospitable surrounding. This part of the Mediterranean at the Turkish Riviera is a historic region where many cultures meet (e.g., the Oriental and the Greek and Roman European cultures) and where you ?nd numerous places which played a role in ancient science and in early Christianity. Moreover, with the hotel Ceylan Inter-Continental we have found a most excellent me- ing place, directly located at the beach, equipped with wonderful swimming pools and restaurants – an absolutely ?rst-class location. Our NASIwill deal withthemost recent developmentsin high-energyheavy ionphysicsandinthesearchforsuperheavynuclei–tworatherdistinctareasof research. Indeed, we want to bring two very active communities of nuclear and high-energy physics into close contact. The meeting is both a school and has also the character of a conference: A school because there are many advanced students, many of which are themselves already top researchers and who are contributing with their own research in seminars and posters. It is also a c- ference because new results in the exciting and wonderful ?elds of low- and high-energy heavy ion physics will be presented. We are mainly focussing on the topics of superheavy elements and of hot and dense nuclear matter.
Download or read book Nuclear Theory in the Age of Multimessenger Astronomy written by Omar Benhar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-07-03 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, astrophysical observations of neutron stars — both as isolated and binary sources — have paved the way for a deeper understanding of the structure and dynamics of matter beyond nuclear saturation density. The mapping between astrophysical observations and models of dense matter based on microscopic dynamics has been poorly investigated so far. However, the increased accuracy of present and forthcoming observations may be instrumental in resolving the degeneracy between the predictions of different equations of state. Astrophysical and laboratory probes have the potential to paint to a new coherent picture of nuclear matter — and, more generally, strong interactions — over the widest range of densities occurring in the Universe. This book provides a self-contained account of neutron star properties, microscopic nuclear dynamics and the recent observational developments in multimessenger astronomy. It also discusses the unprecedented possibilities to shed light on long standing and fundamental issues, such as the validity of the description of matter in terms of pointlike baryons and leptons and the appearance of deconfined quarks in the high density regime. It will be of interest to researchers and advanced PhD students working in the fields of Astrophysics, Gravitational Physics, Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics. Key Features: Reviews state-of-the-art theoretical and experimental developments Self-contained and cross-disciplinary While being devoted to a very lively and fast developing field, the book fundamentally addresses methodological issues. Therefore, it will not be subject to fast obsolescence. Omar Benhar is an INFN Emeritus Research Director, and has been teaching Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Electrodynamics and Structure of Compact Stars at “Sapienza” University of Rome for over twenty years. He has worked extensively in the United States, and since 2013 has served as an adjunct professor at the Center for Neutrino Physics of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Prof. Benhar has authored or co-authored three textbooks on Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Gauge Theories, and Structure and Dynamics of Compact Stars, and published more than one hundred scientific papers on the theory of many-particle systems, the structure of compact stars and the electroweak interactions of nuclei. Alessandro Lovato is a physicist at Argonne National Laboratory and an INFN researcher in Trento. His research in theoretical nuclear physics focuses on consistently modeling the self-emerging properties of atomic nuclei and neutron-star matter in terms of the microscopic interactions among the constituent protons and neutrons. He has co-authored more than eighty scientific publications on the theory of many-particle systems, the structure of compact stars, and the electroweak interactions of nuclei. He is at the forefront of high-performance computing applied to solving the quantum many-body problem. Andrea Maselli is an Associate Professor at the Gran Sasso Science Institute, in L’Aquila, where he teaches Gravitation and Cosmology and Physics of Black Hole. His research focuses on strong gravity, which plays a crucial role in many astrophysical phenomena involving black hole and neutron stars, representing natural laboratories to test fundamental physics. Prof. Maselli has co-authored more than eighty scientific papers on the modelling of black holes and neutron stars in General Relativity and extension thereof, their gravitational wave emission, and on tests of gravity in the strong filed regime. He is active in various collaborations aimed at developing next generation of gravitational wave detectors, such as the LISA satellite, the Einstein Telescope, and the Lunar Gravitational Wave Antenna. Francesco Pannarale is an Associate Professor at “Sapienza” Univeristy of Rome, where he teaches Gravitational Waves, Compact Objects and Black Holes, Computing Methods for Physics, and Electromagnetism. His research interests are in gravitational-wave physics and multimessenger astronomy, and they range from modelling compact binary sources to data analysis. He has co-authored over one hundred and eighty scientific publications and was at the forefront of the joint observation of GW170817 and GRB 170817A. He is currently serving as co-chair of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Data Analysis Council.
Download or read book Compact Stars written by Deog Ki Hong and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space observations are currently providing a glimpse of various new states of matter possibly present in compact stars, with terrestrial laboratories producing compelling evidence in support. The aim of this book is to facilitate the exchange of ideas OCo both established and emergent, both theoretical and experimental OCo in the areas of the physics of neutrinos, dense hadronic matter and compact stars. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings- (ISTP- / ISI Proceedings). OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). OCo CC Proceedings OCo Engineering & Physical Sciences. Contents: Compact Stars: Sleuthing the Isolated Compact Stars (J J Drake); Phase Transitions in Neutron Stars (N K Glendenning); Formation and Evolution of Black Holes in the Galaxy (C-H Lee); Neutron Stars and Quark Stars (F Weber); Dense Matter: Role of Strange Quark Mass in Pairing Phenomena in QCD (H Abuki); Aspects of High Density Effective Theory (D K Hong); New Results from Belle (Y Kwon); Andreev Reflection in Color Superconductivity (M Sadzikowski & M Tachibana); Neutrinos: Cooling Delay for Protoquark Stars Due to Neutrino Trapping (J Berdermann et al.); The Minimal Cooling of Neutron Stars (D Page); The Solar Hep Process Confronts the Terrestrial Hen Process (T-S Park); Supernova Explosions and Neutrino Bursts from Supernovae (K Sato et al.); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in astrophysics, astronomy, cosmology and high energy physics."
Download or read book Black Holes White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars written by Stuart L. Shapiro and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-20 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-contained textbook brings together many different branches of physics--e.g. nuclear physics, solid state physics, particle physics, hydrodynamics, relativity--to analyze compact objects. The latest astronomical data is assessed. Over 250 exercises.
Download or read book Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium for Compact Stars Modelling the Nuclear Energy Functional written by François Aymard and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He core collapse supernova is one of the most powerful known phenomena in the universe. It results from the explosion of very massive stars after they have burnt all their fuel. The hot compact remnant, the so-called proto-neutron star, cools down to become an inert catalyzed neutron star. The dynamics and structure of compact stars, that is core collapse supernovae, proto-neutron stars and neutron stars, are still not fully understood and are currently under active research, in association with astrophysical observations and nuclear experiments. One of the key components for modelling compact stars concerns the Equation of State. The task of computing a complete realistic consistent Equation of State for all such stars is challenging because a wide range of densities, proton fractions and temperatures is spanned. This thesis deals with the icroscopic modelling of the structure and internal composition of baryonic matter with nucleonic degrees of freedom in compact stars, in order to obtain a realistic unified Equation of State. In particular, we are interesting in a formalism which can be applied both at sub-saturation and super-saturation densities, and which gives in the zero temperature limit results compatible with the microscopic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with modern realistic effective in- teractions constrained on experimental nuclear data. For this purpose, we present, for sub-saturated matter, a Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium model which corresponds to a statistical superposition of finite configurations, the so-called Wigner-Seitz cells. Each cell contains a nucleus, or cluster, embedded in a homogeneous electron gas as well as a homogeneous neutron and proton gas. Within each cell, we investigate the different components of the nuclear energy of clusters in interaction with gases. The use of the nuclear mean-field theory for the description of both the clusters and the nucleon gas allows a theoretical consistency with the treatment at saturation and beyond. At densities above two-three times saturation, other degrees of freedom are expected to appear, which potentially lead to other consistency problems but this issue will not be treated in this thesis. The thesis is divided into three parts. In part I, we present the Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium model based on the grand canonical statistics and non-relativistic Skyrme interactions. Results at [beta]-equilibrium are shown and the importance of the clusters distribution as well as a realistic treatment for the free energy model is discussed. Part II investigates the functional behavior of the baryonic energy in the Wigner-Seitz cell within the Extended-Thomas-Fermi approximation. In particular, both bulk and surface in-medium effects are studied, and their dependence on cluster size and asymmetry as well as gas densities and asymmetry is investigated. A preliminary result of in-medium surface effects is presented within some approximations in the case of [beta]-equilibrated matter.
Download or read book Compact Star Physics written by Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction to compact star physics explains key concepts from general relativity, thermodynamics and nuclear physics.
Download or read book Studying Compact Star Equation of States with General Relativistic Initial Data Approach written by Enping Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-03 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the equation of state (EoS) of compact stars, particularly the intriguing possibility of the “quark star model.” The EoS of compact stars is the subject of ongoing debates among astrophysicists and particle physicists, due to the non-perturbative property of strong interaction at low energy scales. The book investigates the tidal deformability and maximum mass of rotating quark stars and triaxially rotating quark stars, and compares them with those of neutron stars to reveal significant differences. Lastly, by combining the latest observations of GW170817, the book suggests potential ways to distinguish between the neutron star and quark star models.
Download or read book Structure and Evolution of Stars written by Martin Schwarzschild and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the development of nuclear physics the theory of the stellar interior entered a new phase. Many new investigations have been conducted and the results published in a variety of specialized media. This book brings these results together in a single volume and summarizes the present status of the theory of stellar evolution. Originally published in 1958. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Proceedings of the VIII International Workshop on Hadron Physics 2002 written by Csar A. Z. Vasconcellos and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in a pedogogical way up-to-date reviews of analytical approaches to QCD, high-energy astrophysics, QGP signatures and high-precision lattice QCD. It also contains presentations about experimental work on heavy-ion physics at RHIC and diffraction at HERA as well as communications on hadron physics.
Download or read book Physics Formation and Evolution of Rotating Stars written by Andre Maeder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotation is ubiquitous at each step of stellar evolution, from star formation to the final stages, and it affects the course of evolution, the timescales and nucleosynthesis. Stellar rotation is also an essential prerequisite for the occurrence of Gamma-Ray Bursts. In this book the author thoroughly examines the basic mechanical and thermal effects of rotation, their influence on mass loss by stellar winds, the effects of differential rotation and its associated instabilities, the relation with magnetic fields and the evolution of the internal and surface rotation. Further, he discusses the numerous observational signatures of rotational effects obtained from spectroscopy and interferometric observations, as well as from chemical abundance determinations, helioseismology and asteroseismology, etc. On an introductory level, this book presents in a didactical way the basic concepts of stellar structure and evolution in "track 1" chapters. The other more specialized chapters form an advanced course on the graduate level and will further serve as a valuable reference work for professional astrophysicists.
Download or read book Galactic Structure and Dynamics with Late type Stars written by Allyson Anne Polak and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stellar populations provide important clues to the evolution of the Milky Way. We report the results of two surveys of late-type stars aimed at understanding the nature (dynamics, chemistries) of the disk and halo Galactic stellar populations.
