Download or read book Structurally Distinct Ubiquitin and Sumo Modified PCNA written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a pivotal replication protein, which also controls cellular responses to DNA damage. Posttranslational modification of PCNA by SUMO and ubiquitin modulate these responses. How the modifiers alter PCNA-dependent DNA repair and damage tolerance pathways is largely unknown. Here, we used hybrid methods to identify atomic models of PCNAK107-Ub and PCNAK164-SUMO consistent with small-angle X-ray scattering data of these complexes in solution. We show that SUMO and ubiquitin have distinct modes of association to PCNA. Ubiquitin adopts discrete docked binding positions. By contrast, SUMO associates by simple tethering and adopts extended flexible conformations. These structural differences are the result of the opposite electrostatic potentials of SUMO and Ub. In conclusion, the unexpected contrast in conformational behavior of Ub-PCNA and SUMO-PCNA has implications for interactions with partner proteins, interacting surfaces accessibility, and access points for pathway regulation.
Download or read book Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin Relative SUMO in DNA Damage Response written by Kristijan Ramadan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA damage response (DDR) is a term that includes a variety of highly sophisticated mechanisms that cells have evolved in safeguarding the genome from the deleterious consequences of DNA damage. It is estimated that every single cell receives tens of thousands of DNA lesions per day. Failure of DDR to properly respond to DNA damage leads to stem cell dysfunction, accelerated ageing, various degenerative diseases or cancer. The sole function of DDR is to recognize diverse DNA lesions, signal their presence, activate cell cycle arrest and finally recruit specific DNA repair proteins to fix the DNA damage and thus prevent genomic instability. DDR is composed of hundreds of spatiotemporally regulated and interconnected proteins, which are able to promptly respond to various DNA lesions. So it is not surprising that mutations in genes encoding various DDR proteins cause embryonic lethality, malignancies, neurodegenerative diseases and premature ageing. The importance of DDR for cell survival and genome stability is unquestionable, but how the sophisticated network of hundreds of different DDR proteins is spatiotemporally coordinated is far from being understood. In the last ten years ubiquitin (ubiquitination) and the ubiquitin-relative SUMO (sumoylation) have emerged as essential posttranslational modifications that regulate DDR. Beside a plethora of ubiqutin and sumo E1-activating enzymes, E2-conjugating enzymes, E3-ligases and ubiquitin/sumo proteases involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation, the complexity of ubiqutin and sumo systems is additionally increased by the fact that both ubiquitin and sumo can form a variety of different chains on substrates which govern the substrate fate, such as its interaction with other proteins, changing its enzymatic activity or promoting substrate degradation. The importance of ubiquitin/SUMO systems in the orchestration of DDR is best illustrated in patients with mutations in E3-ubiquitin ligases BRCA1 or RNF168. BRCA1 is essential for proper function of DDR and its mutations lead to triple-negative breast and ovarian cancers. RNF168 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which creates the ubiquitin docking platform for recruitment of different DNA damage signalling and repair proteins at sites of DNA lesion, and its mutations cause RIDDLE syndrome characterized by radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency and learning disability. In addition, recently discovered the ubiquitin receptor protein SPRTN is part of the DNA replication machinery and its mutations cause early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma and premature ageing in humans. Despite more than 700 different enzymes directly involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation processes only few of them are known to play a role in DDR. Therefore, we feel that the role of ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-related SUMO in DDR is far from being understood, and that this is the emerging field that will hugely expand in the next decade due to the rapid development of a new generation of technologies, which will allow us a more robust and precise analyses of human genome, transcriptome and proteome. In this Research Topic we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of ubiquitin and SUMO pathways in all aspects of DDR, from DNA replication to different DNA repair pathways, and demonstrate how alterations in these pathways cause genomic instability that is linked to degenerative diseases, cancer and pathological ageing.
Download or read book Ubiquitin dependent Protein Degradation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-03-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ubiquitination and Protein Stability - Part B, Volume 619, the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this updated volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Topics of note include chapters on Assays of SUMO protease function in mammalian cells, In vitro analysis of proteasome-associated USP14 activity for substrate degradation and deubiquitylation, Methods to study proteasome regulatory particle assembly, Native mass spectrometry approaches to study the proteasome, Single-molecule methods to study the ubiquitin-proteasome system, Assays for the function of ubiquitin in the mammalian endocytic pathway, and much more.
Download or read book DNA Replication Across Taxa written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Replication Across Taxa, the latest volume in The Enzymes series summarizes the most important discoveries associated with DNA replication. Contains contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field of enzymes
Download or read book The Eukaryotic Replisome a Guide to Protein Structure and Function written by Stuart MacNeill and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-fidelity chromosomal DNA replication underpins all life on the planet. In humans, there are clear links between chromosome replication defects and genome instability, genetic disease and cancer, making a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of genome duplication vital for future advances in diagnosis and treatment. Building on recent exciting advances in protein structure determination, the book will take the reader on a guided journey through the intricate molecular machinery of eukaryotic chromosome replication and provide an invaluable source of information, ideas and inspiration for all those with an interest in chromosome replication, whether from a basic science, translational biology and medical research perspective.
Download or read book The Proteasome Ubiquitin Protein Degradation Pathway written by Peter Zwickl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives an overview of pro tea some-mediated protein degradation and the regulatory role of the ubiquitin system in cellular proteolysis. The first chapter describes the molecular evolution of the proteasome and its associated activators, i. e. , the 20S core, the base and the lid of the 19S cap, and the 11 S regulator. The ensuing chapter gives an overview of the structure and assembly of the 20S proteasome and the regulation of the archaeal proteasome by PAN. The third contribution summarizes our knowledge on the eukaryotic 26S proteasome and its regulation by the 19S regu lator, followed by a chapter devoted to the llS regulator, which elucidates the structural basis for the 11 S-mediated activation of the 20S proteasome. The fifth chapter reviews in detail the role of the proteasome in the immune response. The subsequent chapter of the natural substrates of the gives a comprehensive description proteasome and their recognition by the enzymes of the ubiqui tination machinery. The penultimate chapter rounds up the in formation on intracellular distribution of proteasomes in yeast and mammalian cells, while the last contribution highlights proteasome inhibitors, tools which proved to be very valuable for dissecting the cellular roles of the proteasome and which might turn out to be of pharmacological importance.
Download or read book SUMOylation and Ubiquitination written by Van G. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2019-09 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most proteins undergo post-translational modifications altering physical and chemical properties, folding, conformation distribution, stability, activity and function. Ubiquitin and SUMOs are related small proteins that are members of the large ubiquitin superfamily of post-translational modifiers. Written by highly respected leaders in their fields under the expert guidance of the editor, this volume covers the principles of ubiquitination and SUMOylation, presents detailed reviews of current and emerging concepts and highlights new advances in all areas of SUMOylation and ubiquitination. Topics of note include: the ubiquitin superfamily, the ubiquitin toolbox, onco viral exploitation of the SUMO system, small molecule modulators of desumoylation, mass spectrometry, global proteomic profiling of SUMO and ubiquitin, biotin-based approaches, genetic screening, SUMOylation networks in humans, targets for ubiquitin ligases, regulation of p53, protein homeostasis, miRNAs, DNA replication, DNA damage response, telomere biology, intracellular trafficking, regulation of angiogenesis, brain ischemia, autophagy, assembly and activity, antiviral defense, HIV infection, amyloid and amyloid-like proteins, plant immunity. This comprehensive and up-to-date book is the definitive reference volume on all aspects of SUMOylation and ubiquitination and is an essential acquisition for anyone involved in this area of biology.
Download or read book Ubiquitin and the Biology of the Cell written by Jan-Michael Peters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-05-31 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last several years have been a landmark period in the ubiquitin field. The breadth of ubiquitin's roles in cell biology was first sketched, and the importance of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis as a regulatory mechanism gained general acceptance. The many strands of work that led to this new perception are re counted in this book. A consequence of this progress is that the field has grown dramatically since the first book on ubiquitin was published almost a decade ago [M. Rechsteiner (ed. ), Ubiquitin, Plenum Press, 1988]. In this span, students of the cell cycle, transcription, signal transduction, protein sorting, neuropathology, cancer, virology, and immunology have attempted to chart the role of ubi quit in in their particular experimental systems, and this integration of the field into cell biology as a whole continues at a remarkable pace. We hope that for active researchers in the field as well as for newcomers and those on the fence, this book will prove helpful for its breadth, historical perspective, and practical tips. Structural data are now available on many of the components of the ubiquitin pathway. The structures have provided basic insights into the unusual biochemical mechanisms of ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated proteolysis. Because high-speed computer graphics can convey structures more effectively than print media, we have supplemented the figures of the book with a Worldwide Web site that can display the structures in a flexible, viewer-controlled format.
Download or read book SUMO Regulation of Cellular Processes written by Van G. Wilson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of a very well received book that details how the sumoylation system functions and how it modulates numerous cellular activities. SUMO is a post-translational modifier in the ubiquitin super-family that has gained recognition over the last twenty years as an essential and prevalent regulatory molecule. Individual chapters explore the biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell biology of the sumoylation system and its substrate proteins. The book is divided into three themed parts: Molecular Functions (I), Cell Growth Regulation (II), and Diseases (III). Parts I and II focus on the contribution of sumoylation to cellular activities in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. The nuclear activities covered include nucleic acid metabolism (both RNA and DNA), chromosome structure and replication, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Cytoplasmic processes presented include regulation of membrane ion channels, general metabolism, and apoptotic signalling. Topics in Part III include the role of sumoylation in developmental abnormalities (craniofacial and cardiovascular), diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infections with viruses and bacteria. Each of the corresponding chapter authors is an active researcher who has made significant contributions to understanding sumoylation. This second edition provides updates and revisions to most of the original chapters plus adds six new chapters to address important developing areas of sumoylation research. This volume is intended for a scientific audience from undergraduates to independent researchers. The content will serve as both a solid introduction for the novice reader and an in depth treatment for the advanced scholar.
Download or read book Nuclear Antigens Advances in Research and Application 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Nuclear Antigens in a compact format. The editors have built Nuclear Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nuclear Antigens in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Nuclear Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book DNA repair and immune response written by Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-27 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Disease Volume 4 written by R. John Mayer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final volume in the series focuses on malfunctions of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and their role in human disease. The editors and authors represent unmatched expertise, comprising virtually all the top scientists in the field, including the pioneers of protein degradation research. From the contents: * Ubiquitin and cancer * Ubiquitin and liver cancer * Muscle atrophy * Aggresomes and human disease * Parkin and neurodegeneration * Chronic neurodegenerative diseases * Parkinson's disease * Ubiquitin and viruses * Druggability of the ubiquitin-proteasome system Required reading for molecular and cell biologists, as well as physiologists with an interest in the topic.
Download or read book Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Disease written by Henryk Czosnek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideally suited to horticulturalists and plant virologists, this highly useful text offers a multidisciplinary view on one of the major diseases of tomato crops, the tomato yellow leaf curl disease. It deals with epidemiological aspects of the disease as well as integrated pest management in the field. Coverage discusses the efforts aimed at breeding tomato plants resistant to the virus by classical breeding, by marker-assisted breeding and by genetic engineering.
Download or read book The Ubiquitin Proteasome System written by Thibault Mayor and published by Humana. This book was released on 2019-10-06 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This volume explores numerous techniques used to study the ubiquitin proteasome system. The chapters in this book are organized into five parts and cover topics such as determining the mechanisms of action for E2s, E3s, and DUB enzymes; the latest advances to study the formation of poly-ubiquitin chains as well as their linkage types; the binding partners of proteins in the UPS; methods for structure determination by x-ray crystallography, cryo electron microscopy and SAXS; screening assays to select for degrons or modulators of E3s and DUBs; proteomics approaches in the ubiquitin field and methods to study 26S proteasome function. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and authoritative, The Ubiquitin Proteasome System: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both experienced and novice scientists who are interested in expanding their knowledge in this field.
Download or read book The Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Disease written by R. John Mayer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final volume in the series focuses on malfunctions of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and their role in human disease. The editors and authors represent unmatched expertise, comprising virtually all the top scientists in the field, including the pioneers of protein degradation research. From the contents: * Ubiquitin and cancer * Ubiquitin and liver cancer * Muscle atrophy * Aggresomes and human disease * Parkin and neurodegeneration * Chronic neurodegenerative diseases * Parkinson's disease * Ubiquitin and viruses * Druggability of the ubiquitin-proteasome system Required reading for molecular and cell biologists, as well as physiologists with an interest in the topic.
Download or read book Posttranslational Protein Modifications in the Reproductive System written by Peter Sutovsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book's aim is to increase the awareness of a great variety of posttranslational modifications in the male and female reproductive system. Some of the most intriguing reproductive strategies, mechanisms, and pathways involving PTM are discussed, with an added angle of evolutionary conservation and diversity. The book also chapters on sperm-egg binding, as well as on histone modification in both the embryo and sperm. Chapters are also devoted to protein ubiquitination, the regulation of sperm function during fertilization in mammals and tubulin modifications in gametes and embryos. There are no other current books on posttranslational protein modifications as they relate to reproduction, making this contribution unique in the field. It is useful for both researchers and graduate students alike.
Download or read book The Ubiquitin System written by Milton J. Schlesinger and published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
