Download or read book Structural Study of Lunar Crater Volcanic Field LCVF Through Volcanic Vent Clusters Analysis written by Alessandro Tadini and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic fields pose a serious risk to human activities and settlements due to their high occurrence around the world and because of the type of eruptive activity that they exhibit. The need for new tools to better undertake volcanic hazard assessment for volcanic fields, especially from a spatial point of view, is the long-term aim of this work. The immediate goal is to determine whether there is a structural control on the occurrence of vent clusters within Lunar Crater Volcanic Field (LCVF), Nevada. For this purpose, Spatial Distribution Pattern (SDP) analysis confirmed whether vents within LCVF were clustered or randomly distributed. Structural analysis based on alignment recognition as determined by satellite images lead to the recognition of 3 main groups of alignments (Group 1, 2 and 3), whose structural or non-structural nature could be given with different grade of confidence. Group 1 and 2 seem to be related with the actual orientation of the regional stress field while for Group 3 this relationship is not obvious and there are also evidences for its non-tectonic meaning. Cluster analysis through hierarchical clustering and K-means clustering lead to the recognition of 9 main clusters that were used for a more detailed structural analysis within each single cluster. Group 1 occurrence has been assessed along with the occurrence of a new possible structural family (Group 4) not clearly marked in the global rose diagram. It is therefore proposed that the contemporaneous occurrence of this two Group (1 and 4) outlines a crustal situation within such areas that is more suitable for magma rising.
Download or read book Directory of Geoscience Departments 2015 written by Carolyn Wilson and published by American Geosciences Inst. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 2140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Directory of Geoscience Departments 50th Edition is the most comprehensive directory and source of information about geosciences departments and researchers available. It is an invaluable resource for individuals working in the geosciences or must identify or work with specialists on the issues of Earth, Environmental, and related sciences and engineering fields. The Directory of Geoscience Departments 50th Edition provides a state/country-sorted listing of nearly 2300 geoscience departments, research departments, institutes, and their faculty and staff. Information on contact information for departments and individuals is provided, as well as details on department enrollments, faculty specialties, and the date and source of faculty and staff's highest degree. New in the 50th edition: Listing of all US and Canadian geoscience theses and dissertations accepted in 2012 that have been reported to GeoRef Information Services, as well as a listing of faculty by their research specialty.
Download or read book Geology of the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field Nye County Nevada Contributions to Astrogeology written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structures Inside a Lunar Crater Photographed by Ranger VII written by Vern G. Smalley and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lateral Variations in Strata Competence and Alternating Eruption Styles in Time and Space as Morphological Controls on a Maar Crater in the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field Nevada USA written by Jamal Amin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bea's Crater is two coalesced maar craters with diameters of ~440 m and ~1050 m, combined with a co-eruptive scoria cone that straddles the northeast rim of the larger crater, and protrudes onto the crater floor, with the protruding section having a much lower elevation than the rest of the cone. The smaller maar crater is located on the southwest sector of the larger crater, such that the two craters and the protruding cone form an alignment that parallels many local and regional structures, and is interpreted to represent the orientation of the feeder dyke near the surface. The maar formed amongst a dense cluster of scoria cones in the LCVF, such that the deposits of older cones are exposed in parts of the crater walls. The proximity of these cones results in a crater rim that has a variable elevation. These older cones are composed of variably welded spatter, such that poorly welded layers are less competent than strongly welded layers. Thus, the internal architecture of the proximal cones seems to have had a control on the shape of the larger maar crater, which grew preferentially towards less competent rocks. Deposits on the northeast cone, on the large crater floor, and in the tephra ring, record variations in the eruption style in both space and time. These deposits are variably resistant to erosion, and have added further complexity to the morphology of the feature. Many identified maar craters around the world have a simple circular to elliptical shape in plan view, however it is apparent that maar craters can have quite complicated shapes too. Identification of previously unrecognized maars can improve hazard assessments in volcanic fields.
Download or read book Investigating the Mantle Source of the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field Nevada written by Jacob William Lee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incompatible element ratios in melt inclusions can provide information on mantle source components. Additionally, trace element concentrations in high-Mg olivines can be used to infer mantle source lithology. Lunar Crater Volcanic Field (LCVF) in central Nevada contains basalts compositionally similar to ocean island basalts (OIB), and several crustal and mantle features suggest an underlying mantle plume. Consequently, I used olivine-hosted melt inclusions, and olivine compositions to investigate source lithology and petrogenesis. Melt inclusions from Easy Chair Crater (ECC) in the LCVF are relatively Cl-rich and have Cl/K abundances similar to OIB. Ni and Mn concentrations in forsteritic olivines from ECC (including some extremely forsteritic olivines) indicate a significant amount of pyroxenite may have been present in the melt source. This evidence, combined with high equilibration temperatures in mantle-derived xenoliths from LCVF and gravitational and topographic anomalies in the region, may indicate the presence of a mantle plume beneath LCVF.
Download or read book Vent Alignments in San Francisco Volcanic Field Arizona written by Zhuoning Chen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Volcanology and Petrogenesis of the Northern Lunar Crater Volcanic Field Nye County Nevada written by Elizabeth Kay Stickney and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vent Fault Spatial Study of Selected Volcanic Fields of Southwestern North America and Mexico written by Michelle Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of fundamental concern in volcanic hazard and risk assessment studies of volcanic systems is what role crustal structures might play in the ascent of magma through the crust. What are the processes that govern the spatial distribution and timing of eruptions, especially in populated areas or near sensitive facilities? Many studies have drawn the conclusion that faults play a critical role as easily & ndashexploitable crustal weaknesses along which magma can ascend. Great care must be used when assuming a causative relationship between patterns of vents and faults especially when such relationships may be incorporated into hazard assessment models or other forecasting tools. This thesis presents a quantitative analysis of vent and fault populations in seven actively & ndashfaulted volcanic fields to test whether or not spatial relationships exist between faults and volcanic features. The data generated in this study include map distances acquired by measuring existing geologic maps produced by other scientists. Statistical methods were adapted from a similar study by Paterson and Schmidt (1999) which involved the analysis of pluton & ndashto & ndashfault distances. The data show that statistical spatial correlations exist between vents and faults in only two of the seven volcanic fields in this study. As a general observation, most vents cluster far from faults in these populations, which could be explained by a variety of natural phenomenon such as suppression of faulting from increased magmatism and magma source geometry differences. Although data some of the data show a spatial correlation, it does not necessarily imply a genetic relationship.
Download or read book A Management Plan for Lunar Crater Volcanic Field written by United States. Bureau of Land Management. Battle Mountain District and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this plan is to develop a method for interpretation of the entire volcanic field resulting in increased public awareness of the geologic processes involved here. We hope to accomplish this by low key development consisting of parking areas, hiking trails, interpretative and directional signing, and by providing a self guiding brochure"--Page 1.
Download or read book Stress Regimes in the Lithosphere written by Terry Engelder and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to acquaint the geoscientist with issues associated with the debate over orientation and magnitude of stress in the lithosphere. Terry Engelder provides a broad understanding of the topic, while touching some of the specific details involved in the interpretation of stress data generated by the most commonly used measurement techniques. An understanding of stress in the lithosphere starts with an introduction to nomenclature based on three reference states of stress. Since rock strength governs differential stress magnitudes, stress regimes are identified according to the specific failure mechanism (crack propagation, shear rupture, ductile flow, or frictional slip) that controls the magnitude of stress at a particular time and place in the lithosphere. After introducing the various stress regimes, the author shows how their extent in the upper crust is demarcated by direct measurements of four types: hydraulic fracture, borehole-logging, strain-relaxation, and rigid-inclusion measurements. The relationship between lithospheric stress and the properties of rocks is then presented in terms of microcrack-related phenomena and residual stress. Lithospheric stress is also inferred from the analysis of earthquakes. Finally, lithospheric stress is placed in the context of large-scale stress fields and plate tectonics. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Volcanic Lakes written by Dmitri Rouwet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to give an overview on the present state of volcanic lake research, covering topics such as volcano monitoring, the chemistry, dynamics and degassing of acidic crater lakes, mass-energy-chemical-isotopic balance approaches, limnology and degassing of Nyos-type lakes, the impact on the human and natural environment, the eruption products and impact of crater lake breaching eruptions, numerical modeling of gas clouds and lake eruptions, thermo-hydro-mechanical and deformation modeling, CO2 fluxes from lakes, volcanic lakes observed from space, biological activity, continuous monitoring techniques, and some aspects more. We hope to offer an updated manual on volcanic lake research, providing classic research methods, and point towards a more high-tech approach of future volcanic lake research and continuous monitoring.
Download or read book Terrain Analysis written by John P. Wilson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-08-03 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Buch untersucht, welchen Einfluß Landschaftsformen, insbesondere Höhenunterschiede, auf die an der Erdoberfläche ablaufenden Prozesse haben. Wasserbewegungen, die Sonneneinstrahlung sowie die Bodenentwicklung und -erosion werden alle mehr oder minder durch die Form der Landschaftsoberfläche gesteuert. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Landschaftsanalyse sind vielfältig: Sie reichen von Studien über Wasserscheiden und Feuchtgebiete über Bodenkunde und Erosionsstudien, Landschafts- und Landnutzungsstudien bis zu geomorphologischer Forschung und regionalen und globalen Ökologiestudien. Darüber hinaus kann die Landschaftsanalyse auch zu meteorologischen Vorhersagen sowie bei Problemen mit TV- oder Radiosignalempfang eingesetzt werden. Dieses Forschungsgebiet hat in Verbindung mit den jüngsten Fortschritten auf dem Gebiet der GIS und GPS eine rasante Entwicklung durchlaufen. In diesem Band werden alle diese neuen Ansätze und Anwendungsbereiche umfassend erläutert. (y05/00)
Download or read book Copahue Volcano written by Franco Tassi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-21 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive description of the volcanological, petrological and geochemical features of the Copahue volcano, located at the border between Argentina and Chile. Scientific studies are limited for this volcanic system, due to its remote location and difficult access in winter. However, Copahue is one of the most active volcanic systems in the southern Andes. Monitoring the volcano's activity is of utter importance, as it provides means of existence for the nearby village of the same name, hosting the world's highest-located hot-springs resort. This book's aim is to present the current monitoring activities, and to describe future research programs that are planned in order to mitigate volcanic hazards. Special attention is therefore devoted to the social and industrial activities close to the volcano, such as health therapies and geothermal energy exploitation. In a special section, the Copahue volcano is presented as a terrestrial modern analog for early-Earth and Mars environments.
Download or read book Geostatistics Explained written by Steve McKillup and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reader-friendly introduction to geostatistics for students and researchers struggling with statistics. Using simple, clear explanations for introductory and advanced material, it demystifies complex concepts and makes formulas and statistical tests easy to apply. Beginning with a critical evaluation of experimental and sampling design, the book moves on to explain essential concepts of probability, statistical significance and type 1 and type 2 error. An accessible graphical explanation of analysis of variance (ANOVA) leads onto advanced ANOVA designs, correlation and regression, and non-parametric tests including chi-square. Finally, it introduces the essentials of multivariate techniques, multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis, analysis of sequences and concepts of spatial analysis. Illustrated with wide-ranging examples from topics across the Earth and environmental sciences, Geostatistics Explained can be used for undergraduate courses or for self-study and reference. Worked examples at the end of each chapter reinforce a clear understanding of the statistical tests and their applications.
Download or read book Digital Terrain Analysis in Soil Science and Geology written by Igor Florinsky and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-11 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital Terrain Analysis in Soil Science and Geology, Second Edition, synthesizes the knowledge on methods and applications of digital terrain analysis and geomorphometry in the context of multi-scale problems in soil science and geology. Divided into three parts, the book first examines main concepts, principles, and methods of digital terrain modeling. It then looks at methods for analysis, modeling, and mapping of spatial distribution of soil properties using digital terrain analysis, before finally considering techniques for recognition, analysis, and interpretation of topographically manifested geological features. Digital Terrain Analysis in Soil Science and Geology, Second Edition, is an updated and revised edition, providing both a theoretical and methodological basis for understanding and applying geographical modeling techniques. - Presents an integrated and unified view of digital terrain analysis in both soil science and geology - Features research on new advances in the field, including DEM analytical approximation, analytical calculation of local morphometric variables, morphometric globes, and two-dimensional generalized spectral analytical methods - Includes a rigorous description of the mathematical principles of digital terrain analysis - Provides both a theoretical and methodological basis for understanding and applying geographical modeling
