Download or read book Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Minerals written by S. Ghose and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in Advances in Physical Geochemistry presents the latest synthesis of theory and experimental data pertaining to structural and magnetic phase transitions in a variety of geochemically important minerals. The book is the first to cover the impact of this rapidly progressing area of solid state physics in earth sciences and reflects its growing significance for mineralogy and petrology.
Download or read book Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Minerals written by S. Ghose and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magnetic Phase Transitions In Single Crystals written by Daivd P Belanger and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-07-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic crystals are ideal systems to study the universal properties of phase transitions, particularly systems with quenched randomness and frustration. Pure systems with different symmetries provide the foundation for studies in corresponding systems with quenched randomness. Because phenomena near phase transitions have universal properties, results from bulk magnetic crystals provide a basis for understanding phase transitions in films and nanoparticles, as well as many non-magnetic materials.This motivates the subject of this book, which discusses phase transitions studies in magnetic crystals from the perspective of an experimentalist who has done extensive work in the field. The advantage is that many experimental techniques are described in sufficient detail for a good understanding of the results and their comparison to theory.
Download or read book Transformation Processes in Minerals written by Simon A. Redfern and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 39 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry about Transformation Processes in Minerals summarises the current state of the art. The selection of transformation processes covered here is by no means comprehensive, but represents a coherent view of some of the most important processes which occur specifically in minerals. Contents: Rigid unit modes in framework structures Strain and elasticity at structural phase transitions in minerals Mesoscopic twin patterns in ferroelastic and co-elastic minerals High-pressure structural phase transitions Order-disorder phase transitions Phase transformations induced by solid solution Magnetic transitions in minerals NMR spectroscopy of phase transitions in minerals Insights into phase transformations from Mössbauer spectroscopy Hard mode spectroscopy of phase transitions Synchrotron studies of phase transformations Radiation-induced amorphization
Download or read book Advanced Mineralogy written by A. S. Marfunin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral matter investigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineral ogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.
Download or read book The Stability of Minerals written by G.D. Price and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-23 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 30% discount for members of The Mineralogical Society of Britain and Ireland This volume addresses the fundamental factors that underlie our understanding of mineral behaviour and crystal chemistry - a timely topic given current advances in research into the complex behaviour of solids and supercomputing.
Download or read book Neutron Applications in Earth Energy and Environmental Sciences written by Liyuan Liang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-11 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Applications in Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences offers a comprehensive overview of the wide ranging applications of neutron scattering techniques to elucidate the fundamental materials properties at the nano-, micro- and meso-scale, which underpin research in the related fields of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences. Introductions to neutron scattering fundamentals and instrumentation are paired with a thorough review of the applications to a large variety of scientific and technological problems, written through the direct experience of leading scientists in each field. Tailored to a wide audience, this volume provides the novice with an inspiring introduction and stimulates the expert to consider these non-conventional problem solving techniques in his/her field of interest. Earth and environmental scientists, engineers, researchers and graduate students involved with materials science will find Neutron Applications in Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences a valuable ready-to-use reference.
Download or read book Microscopic Properties and Processes in Minerals written by Kate Wright and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-10-31 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the major developments in Earth Sciences in general, and mineralogy in particular, has been the growth of our understanding of the microscopic behaviour of the complex materials that make up the Earth. This has been made possible by advances in our ability to probe minerals at the atomic level, over a large range of pressure and temperature conditions. New experimental techniques include the use of scanning probe microscopies to investigate mineral surfaces, as well as the use of neutron scattering, nuclear spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation to investigate the bonding and structure of minerals. In addition, there have been major developments in computational methods so that it is now possible to calculate the electronic structure of many rock forming materials. The aim of this volume is to give a coherent survey of the latest developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of microscopic propertie~ and processes in minerals. Chapters in the book cover a number of key themes in the mineral sciences such as the behaviour of minerals at extremes of pressure and temperature, ordering in complex silicates, mechanisms of water incorporation in mantle phases, the importance of reactions occurring at the mineral surface, and the ability of computational methods to provide useful, qualitative information on the bulk and surface properties of minerals. The background to several experimental techniques is covered in some detail with examples of relevance to the issues cited above.
Download or read book Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology written by Frank C. Hawthorne and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 18 of Reviews in Mineralogy provides a general introduction to the use of spectroscopic techniques in Earth Sciences. It gives an Introduction To Spectroscopic Methods and covers Symmetry, Group Theory And Quantum Mechanics; Spectrum-Fitting Methods; Infrared And Raman Spectroscopy; Inelastic Neutron Scattering; Vibrational Spectroscopy Of Hydrous Components; Optical Spectroscopy; Mossbauer Spectroscopy; MAS NMR Spectroscopy Of Minerals And Glasses; NMR Spectroscopy And Dynamic Processes In Mineralogy And Geochemistry; X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy: Applications In Mineralogy ind Geochemistry; Electron Paramagnetic Resonance; Auger Electron And X-Ray Photelectron Spectroscopies and Luminescence, X-Ray Emission and New Spectroscopies. The authors of this volume presented a short course, entitled "Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology", May 13-15, 1988, in Hunt Valley, Maryland.
Download or read book Introduction to Ferroic Materials written by Vinod Wadhawan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferroic materials are important, not only because of the improved understanding of condensed matter, but also because of their present and potential device applications. This book presents a unified description of ferroic materials at an introductory level, with the unifying factor being the occurrence of nondisruptive phase transitions in crystals
Download or read book Oxide Minerals written by Donald H. Lindsley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 25 of Reviews in Mineralogy was published to be used as the textbook for the Short Course on Fe-Ti Oxides: Their Petrologic and Magnetic Significance, held May 24-27, 1991, organized by B.R. Frost, D.H. Lindsley, and SK Banerjee and jointly sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the American Geophysical Union. It has been fourteen and a half years since the last MSA Short Course on Oxide Minerals and the appearance of Volume 3 of Reviews in Mineralogy. Much progress has been made in the interim. This is particularly evident in the coverage of the thermodynamic properties of oxide minerals: nothing in Volume 3, while in contrast, Volume 25 has three chapters (6, 7, and 8) presenting various aspects of the thermodynamics of oxide minerals; and other chapters (9, 11, 12) build extensively on thermodynamic models. The coverage of magnetic properties has also been considerably expanded (Chapters 4, 8, and 14). Finally, the interaction of oxides and silicates is emphasized in Chapters 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Because Volume 3 is out of print and will not be readily available to newcomers to our science, as much as possible we have tried to make Volume 25 a replacement for, rather than a supplement to, the earlier volume. Chapters on crystal chemistry, phase equilibria, and oxide minerals in both igneous and metamorphic rocks have been rewritten or extensively revised.
Download or read book Diffusion Atomic Ordering and Mass Transport written by Jibamitra Ganguly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the fundamental objectives of physical geochemistry is to understand the evolution of geochemical systems from microscopic to regional and global scales. At present there seems to be a general recognition of the fact that internal properties of minerals record important aspects of the evolutionary history of their host rocks which may be unraveled by very fine scale observations. A major focus in the development of geochemical research in the last thirty years has been the application of classical thermodynamics to reconstruct the conditions at which the states of quenched mineralogical properties of rocks have equilibrated during the course of their evolution. While these works have funda mentally influenced our understanding ofthe physico-chemical history ofrocks, in recent years petrologists, mineralogists, and geochemists have been making greater efforts towards the application of kinetic theories in order to develop a better appreciation of the temporal details of geochemical processes. The present volume brings together a variety of current research on transport in systems of geochemical interest from atomic to outcrop scales. A major theme is atomic migration or diffusion, and its various manifestations on microscopic and macroscopic scales. Transport in the solid state is controlled by diffusion and is responsible for the states of atomic ordering and relaxation of composi tional zoning in minerals, development of compositional zoning during cooling, exsolution lamellae, and creep.
Download or read book ENERGY MODELLING IN MINERALS written by C.M. Gramaccioli and published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nothing provided
Download or read book Solid Solutions in Silicate and Oxide systems written by C.A. Geiger and published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Difference Electron Nanoscope written by Werner Lottermoser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the difference electron nanoscope (DEN), whose principles have been invented and realised by the book author. The DEN is based on a smart combination of diffractometric and spectroscopic data and uses a visualisation of three-dimensional difference electron densities (in our case stemming from 3d orbitals) in order to obtain the key quantity involved, the electric field gradient (efg). However, the DEN is no machine, as the title of the book might infer. It is a computer program running on a fast computer system displaying 3D difference electron hyperareas floating in space and the relevant efg as a wire frame model within the unit cell of the sample involved. In this sense, it acts on a sub-nanometer scale (hence the term "nanoscope") and generates images of uncompared symmetrical and physical evidence—and beauty. For the first time, diffractometry and spectroscopy have been integrated for the common synergetic effects that may contribute to a better understanding of electric and magnetic interactions in a crystal. The experimental derivation of the common quantity, the efg, is not confined to iron-containing samples, as the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy might infer, but can also be determined by nuclear quadrupole resonance that is not confined to special nuclides. Hence, the DEN can be applied to a huge multitude of scientifically interesting specimens since the main method involved, diffractometry in a wide sense, has no general limitations at all. So it is a rather universal method, and the monograph might contribute to a wide distribution of the method in the scientific world. Has anyone seen a real orbital before: a real orbital distribution in a crystal unit cell together with its efg tensor ellipsoid? In this book, one can see it.
Download or read book High Pressure Geochemistry Mineral Physics written by S. Mitra and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-12-11 with total page 1272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant achievements have been made at the cross-roads of physics and planetary science. In the second half of the twentieth century, the discipline of planetary sciences has witnessed three major episodes which have revolutionized its approach and content: (i) the plate-tectonic theory, (ii) human landing and discoveries in planetary astronomy and (iii) the extraordinary technical advancement in high P-T studies, which have been abetted by a vast improvement in computational methods. Using these new computational methods, such as first principles including ab initio models, calculations have been made for the electronic structure, bonding, thermal EOS, elasticity, melting, thermal conductivity and diffusivity. In this monograph, the boundaries of the definitions of a petrologist, geochemist, geophysicist or a mineralogist have been willfully eliminated to bring them all under the spectrum of "high-pressure geochemistry" when they deal with any material (quintessentially a chemical assemblage) - terrestrial or extraterrestrial - under the conditions of high-pressure and temperature. Thus, a petrologist using a spectrometer or any instrument for high-pressure studies of a rock or a mineral, or a geochemist using them for chemical synthesis and characterization, is better categorized as a "high-pressure geochemist" rather than any other kind of disciplinarian. The contents of this monograph bring together, under one cover, apparently disparate disciplines like solid-earth geophysics and geochemistry as well as material science and condensed-matter physics to present a thorough overview of high pressure geochemistry. Indeed, such interdisciplinary activities led to the discovery of new phenomena such as high P-T behaviour in metal oxides (e.g. Mott transition), novel transitions such as amorphization, changes in order-disorder in crystals and the anomalous properties of oxide melts.
Download or read book Epidotes written by Axel Liebscher and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 56 of the Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews the current state of knowledge on the epidote minerals with special emphasis on the advances that were made since the comprehensive review of Deer et al. (1986). In the Introduction, we review the structure, optical data and crystal chemistry of this mineral group, all of which form the basis for understanding much of the following material in the volume. In addition, we provide some information on special topics, such as morphology and growth, deformation behavior, and gemology. Thermodynamic properties (Chapter 2, Gottschalk), the spectroscopy of the epidote minerals (Chapter 3, Liebscher) and a review of the experimental studies (Chapter 4, Poli and Schmidt) constitute the first section of chapters. These fields are closely related, and all three chapters show the significant progress over the last years, but that some of the critical questions such as the problem of miscibility and miscibility gaps are still not completely solved. This section concludes with a review of fluid inclusion studies (Chapter 5, Klemd), a topic that turned out to be of large interest for petrogenetic interpretation, and leads to the description of natural epidote occurrences in the second section of the book. These following chapters review the geological environments of the epdiote minerals, from low temperature in geothermal fields (Chapter 6, Bird and Spieler), to common metamorphic rocks (Chapter 7, Grapes and Hoskin) and to high- and ultrahigh pressure (Chapter 8, Enami, Liou and Mattinson) and the magmatic regime (Chapter 9, Schmidt and Poli). Allanite (Chapter 10, Gieré and Sorensen) and piemontite (Chapter 11, Bonazzi and Menchetti), on which a large amount of information is now available, are reviewed in separate chapters. Finally trace element (Chapter 12, Frei, Liebscher, Franz and Dulski) and isotopic studies, both stable and radiogenic isotopes (Chapter 13, Morrison) are considered. We found it unavoidable that there is some overlap between individual chapters. This is an inherited problem in a mineral group such as the epidote minerals, which forms intensive solid solutions between the major components of rock forming minerals as well as with trace elements.
