Download or read book Strength and Stiffness of Reinforced Yellow poplar Glued laminated Beams written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In bridge applications, it is often necessary to minimize the depth of the bridge structure to provide for the required hydraulic opening or reduce the volume of approach fill. For bridges that utilize structural glued-laminated (glulam) timber beams as stringers, reinforcement using thin strips of pultruded E-glass-fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites may permit reduced depth, because the reinforcement has the potential to increase stiffness and strength. This study is part of an overall effort aimed at evaluating the potential for commercial production of glulam-GFRP beams in current wood laminating plants and a wood adhesive compatible with existing equipment. Twelve Yellow-Poplar glulam GFRP beams were commercially manufactured, and their performance was evaluated. The GFRP panels were bonded to the wood with a resorcinol formaldehyde adhesive to provide the reinforcement. The simplicity of the process used to manufacture the test beams indicates that the commercial production of glulam-GFRP beams is feasible. Increases of 18 percent in stiffness and 26 percent in strength were achieved by adding 3 percent of GFRP by volume. The bending strength values of the beams predicted by the ASTM D3737 procedure correlate well with the experimental values. However, the observed delamination of the reinforcement indicates that improved bonding strength of wood--GFRP interfaces is needed. Results of this study will be useful to manufacturers interested in improving the performance of glulam timber beams.

Download or read book Strength and Stiffness of Reinforced Yellow poplar Glued laminated Beams written by Roland Hernandez and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Paper FPL RP written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Yellow Popular Glulam Timber Beam Performance written by Russell Charles Moody and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Yellow Poplar Glulam Timber Beam Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strength and Stiffness of Small Glued laminated Beams with Different Qualities of Tension Laminations written by Catherine M. Marx and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Efficient Utilization of Red Maple Lumber in Glued laminated Timber Beams written by John J. Janowiak and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Glass Fiber Reinforced Glued Laminated Wood Beams written by Alfred B. Dorey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of a previous investigation showed that the use of glass fibre reinforcement in laminated wood beams should be investigated in detail. This report describes a subsequent research project that investigated the improvement in mechanical properties of laminated wood specimens with glass fibre reinforcing. Specifically, the project evaluated the strength & stiffness enhancement of beam specimens by comparing the properties of reinforced and unreinforced beams. The test program studied specimens reinforced with glass fibre along the extreme tension wood fibre at varying amounts of fibre or fibre fractions; specimens with similar fibre fractions, but reinforced along both the extreme tension wood fibre and the extreme compression wood fibre; specimens with a different base size of laminated beam to determine sizing effects, if any; and specimens exposed to adverse environmental conditions to determine the effectiveness of the reinforcing systems to environmental exposure. In addition, a model was developed to predict the failure load of the reinforced specimens. Model predictions are compared to the experimental results.

Download or read book Strength and Stiffness of Glued Laminated Timber Beams written by Johannes Moe and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improved Utilization of Lumber in Glued Laminated Beams written by Russell Charles Moody and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Response Evaluation of Yellow poplar Glulam Beams Reinforced with Pultruded Glass fiber Reinforced Plastic written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bending Strength of Water soaked Glued Laminated Beams written by Ronald W. Wolfe and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Polymer Composites for Structural Applications in Construction written by L C Hollaway and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2004-04-22 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the success of ACIC 2002, this is the 2nd International Conference focusing on the application and further exploitation of advanced composites in construction held at the University of Surrey in April 2004. With over 100 delegates the conference brought together practicing engineers, asset managers, researchers and representatives of regulatory bodies to promote the active exchange of scientific and technical information on the rapidly changing scene of advanced composites in construction. The aim of the conference was to encourage the presentation of new concepts, techniques and case studies, which will lead to greater exploitation of advanced polymer composites and FRP materials for the civil engineering infrastructure, rehabilitation and renewal.

Download or read book Strength Validation and Fire Endurance of Glued laminated Timber Beams written by Erwin L. Schaffer and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A previous paper presented a reliability-based model to predict the strength of glued-laminated timber beams at both room temperature and during fire exposure. This Monte Carlo simulation procedure generates strength and fire endurance (time-to-failure, TTF) data for glued-laminated beams that allow assessment of mean strength and TTF as well as their variability. This paper reports an effort to validate model predictive capability through an independently fabricated set of 21 glued-laminated beams. Based upon the available data for the model input parameters on lumber strength and stiffness, finger-joint strength, and length of laminating lumber between sequential finger joints, the model of beam strength appears acceptable and possibly slightly conservative. Refinements in the beam strength model allow its use for predicting fire endurance. In this case, the fire endurance is measured by the TTF and is defined as the time the beam will support its design load while subjected to fire. The residual strength of the beam is analytically calculated by removing the char layer, plus a finite thickness of weakened wood, from the beam cross section as fire exposure time increases. Employing the input parameters for values of finger-joint strength and lamination grades of Douglas-fir, the fire endurance TTF was analyzed for a 5.12- by 16.50-inch 11-lamination Douglas Fir-Larch beam (24F-V4) carrying full allowable uniform load (47.7 lb/in.). (Three-sided fire exposure was assumed; however, four-sided exposure can also be accommodated.) A simulated random fabrication and analysis of the TTF under fire exposure for 100 beams was performed. The mean TTF was estimated as 35.2 minutes with a coefficient of variation of 13.7 percent. Lateral torsional buckling was never the cause of failure in any of the simulations. The results compared well (within a 65 pct confidence band) with the observations and predictions for timber beams reported by sources in other countries. A simulation for a single glulam beam test in cooperation with the National Forest Products Association was also conducted which predicted the result exactly.

Download or read book Reliability Formulation for the Strength and Fire Endurance of Glued laminated Beams written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model was developed for predicting the statistical distribution of glued-laminated beam strength and stiffness under normal temperature conditions using available long span modulus of elasticity data, end joint tension test data, and tensile strength data for laminating-grade lumber. The beam strength model predictions compared favorably with test data for glued-laminated beam strength data with 8 and 10 laminations; however, the model predicted strength values 30 percent higher for glued-laminated beam strength data with 4 laminations. Fire endurance and structural resistance were evaluated by artificially reducing the cross section. This reduction accounts for char depth as well as for reduced wood strength caused by the elevated temperature. Average time-to-failure predictions using the developed model compared well with those from conventional prediction methods.

Download or read book Evaluation of Yellow Poplar Glued laminated Timber Beams written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Efficient Utilization of Red Maple Lumber in Glued laminated Timber Beams written by John J. Janowiak and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The feasibility of utilizing cant-sawn hardwood lumber, which would not usually be desired for furniture manufacture, was studied for the manufacture of structural glued-laminated (glulam) timber. Two red maple beam combinations were evaluated: (1) a glulam combination designed with E-rated lumber in 25 percent of the outer laminations (top and bottom) and No. 3 grade lumber in 50 percent of the center laminations and (2) a wide-width glulam combination with laminations made from nominal 2- by 4- and 2- by 6-in. No. 2 grade lumber laid edge-to-edge having staggered end joints (termed 2 by 4/2 by 6 glulam combination). Test results of 42 red maple glulam beams showed that it was feasible to develop structural glulam timber from cant-sawn lumber. The glulam combinations made from E-rated lumber exceeded the target design bending stress of 2,400 lb/in2 and met the target modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 1.8 Ã 106 lb/in2. In addition, the 2 by 4/2 by 6 glulam combination exceeded published design stresses for vertically laminated bending strength, MOE in both the horizontally and vertically laminated orientations, and horizontal shear stress in the vertically laminated orientation. Based on the results of the 2 by 4/2 by 6 glulam combination, it was determined that edge gluing the laminations to form wide-width lumber is not required to achieve targeted strength and stiffness levels. Data analysis showed that ASTM D3737 procedures developed for softwood species accurately predict beam stiffness and provide conservative bending and horizontal shear strength estimates for red maple glulam beams. Also, it was shown that results from ASTM D143 shear-block tests could be used to accurately predict horizontal shear strength of 2 by 4 and 2 by 6 red maple glulam beams.