Download or read book Stream Corridor and Wetland Restoration System for the Willamette River Valley of Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This briefing package outlines a community based environmental protection project sponsored by EPA's Region 10, the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Information and Resource Management. The objective of the project is to graphically depict, as an operating system, the many stream corridor and wetland restoration activities occurring in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The operating system is organized around the various stages of work considered essential to ecosystem management. The system will be communicated as a web page on the internet. The web page will provide to communities in the Willamette Valley descriptive information about the implementation of restoration practices on the ground, rationale for the design and placement, and the data being collected and analyzed to improve the effectiveness of restoration.
Download or read book Recommendations for a Nonregulatory Wetland Restoration Program for Oregon written by James W. Good and published by Oregon Sea Grant. This book was released on 1998 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Third Annual Country Into the City written by Aububon Society of Portland. Metropolitan Wildlife Refuge Project and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Program for third annual symposium, Country in the City. The symposium examined urban stream and wetland restoration.
Download or read book Willamette River Floodplain Restoration Oregon written by United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book River Corridors and Wetlands Restoration written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Little Pudding River Watershed written by Mid Willamette Valley Council of Governments and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoring Streams in Cities written by Ann L. Riley and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ann L. Riley describes an interdisciplinary approach to stream management that does not attempt to control streams, but rather considers the stream as a feature in the urban environment. She presents a logical sequence of land-use planning, site design, and watershed restoration measures along with stream channel modifications and floodproofing strategies that can be used in place of destructive and expensive public works projects. She features examples of effective and environmentally sensitive bank stabilization and flood damage reduction projects, with information on both the planning processes and end results. Chapters provide: history of urban stream management and restoration; information on federal programs, technical assistance, and funding opportunities; and in-depth guidance on implementing projects: collecting watershed and stream channel data, installing revegetation projects, protecting buildings from overbank stream flows.
Download or read book Hydrologic and Vegetation Responses Associated with Restoration of Wetlands in the Willamette Valley Oregon written by Gregory A. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examined hydrological and plant community changes associated with the implementation of a restoration management plan in two riparian meadows located within an agricultural landscape of the central Willamette Valley, Oregon. I established exclosure fencing (a form of passive restoration) in one agricultural field and established fencing and plugged a drainage ditch (active restoration) in a separate agricultural field. Permanent transects 15 m in length were established within two plant communities associated with hydrological regimes within these restored agricultural fields. Plant communities were classified as wetland meadow (inundated for more than 4 weeks/year) and mesic meadow (saturated within the upper 30 cm but not inundated) for at least 4 weeks/year. Four transects were randomly established within the wet meadow community and 6 transects were randomly situated within the mesic meadow community. Two shallow subsurface piezometers were installed to a depth of 1 m at 5 m and 10 m along each of these 15 m transects. Additionally, two shallow sub-surface piezometers were established at the outer perimeter of the agriculturally excluded fields. Shallow sub-surface and surface water table levels were measured at each piezometer after wetlands were inundated and continued until water table dropped below the piezometers (Dec. - June) for one pre-treatment and two post treatment years. The actively restored wet and mesic meadows demonstrated increased water table elevation and a decrease in water table fluctuation during both post treatment years. Increases in water table elevation were greatest in areas closest to active restoration but were significant up to 102 m. from restoration. Results indicate that filling drainage ditches induce hydrologic effects at great distances across floodplain soils. Plant community composition (species response) was quantified in both restored sites as well as the adjacent agriculturally managed (untreated) sites one year before treatment and two post-treatment years. I sampled two plant community types: wet meadow and mesic meadow. I calculated species richness and the relative abundance of wetland indicator species, nuisance weeds, and native plants. Nuisance weeds increased and native plant abundance decreased in agriculturally managed mesic meadows. Wetland plant species abundance tended to increase in agricultural sites with light grazing, and decreased in areas that were plowed and re-seeded. Native plants increased and nuisance weeds decreased in the actively restored mesic meadow. The passively restored mesic meadow exhibited no change in native plant abundance and decreases in all other categories. In the actively restored wetland there were increases in plant species richness and nuisance weed abundance with a decrease in native plant abundance. Agriculturally excluded wetlands dominated by Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) exhibited no changes for the entire study period. Results suggest that for the first few years following agricultural exclusion, nuisance weed species do not increase, but active restoration may result in increases (due to disturbance). Additionally, results indicate restored agricultural landscapes dominated by introduced grasses demonstrate minimal short-term plant community change unless initiated by intense land management practices (e g., plowing, re-seeding, or removal of dominant plant communities). Based upon results of this study, I conclude that restoration plans should repair damaged hydrological features before planting riparian plant species. Following this chronological sequence will minimize the potential destruction of planted communities by future shifts in water table elevation caused by hydrologic restoration. Furthermore, any active restoration that initiates a direct or indirect removal of the dominant plant community should be accompanied by aggressive plantings of desirable plant species and prolonged site maintenance.
Download or read book Efforts to Reduce Stream Pollution in Oregon written by Oregon State Planning Board and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Landsat based Monitoring of Annual Wetland Change in the Main stem Willamette River Floodplain of Oregon USA from 1972 to 2012 written by Kate Fickas (Colleen) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite holding substantial ecological value, wetlands in the United States have experienced a significant decline in both area and function over the past century with the majority of freshwater wetland loss attributed to agricultural conversion. Agriculture is the second largest industry in the State of Oregon and the State places substantial emphasis in its land use planning goals on the preservation of agricultural land. Oregon's Willamette Valley accounts for the majority of agricultural output with 53% of the valley bottom classified as agricultural land. Additionally, the valley houses 70% of the state's population. The valley was once comprised of extensive wet prairies and abundant riparian forests along the Willamette River floodplain, but native ecosystems have been reduced to a fraction of their original distribution since Euro-American settlement in the mid 1800s. The few wetlands that remain are at high risk to loss and degradation from agricultural activity. Following national wetland conservation policies, Oregon has since attempted to monitor and regulate losses due to disturbance and modification of the State's remaining wetlands through a "no-net-loss" policy aiming to decrease wetland losses and replace disturbed wetlands through mitigation. The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) was designed to produce detailed maps and status reports of the characteristics and extent of the nation's wetlands and help determine the efficacy of no-net-loss policy implementation on the nation's wetlands. In some cases, the NWI has been found to have low categorical and spatial accuracy and coarse temporal resolution, with some maps over two decades old. Although Landsat satellite imagery was originally found to lack the needed spatial resolution for classification detail and wetness designation that aerial photography provided, Landsat has 40 years of freely available, high quality annual imagery and should be explored for use in annual wetland change detection. Our objectives were to: (1) Quantify and characterize spatial and ecological trends in annual wetland change through gain, loss, and conversion in the Willamette Valley; (2) Evaluate the effect of the no-net-loss federal wetland conservation policy change enacted in 1990 on trends in net wetland area; and (3) Describe a new methodology that reaches back through the over 40-year Landsat archive to map fine scale wetland and related land-use changes from 1972-2012. We used annual Landsat MSS and TM/ETM+ images from 1972 to 2012 to manually interpret loss, gain, and type conversion of wetland area in the two-year inundation floodplain of the Main-Stem Willamette River using TimeSync, Google Earth, and ArcMap. By creating Tasseled Cap Brightness, Greenness, and Wetness indices for MSS data that visually match TM/ETM+ Tasseled Cap images, we were able to construct a complete and consistent annual time series and utilize the entire Landsat archive. Additionally, with an extended time series, we were able to compare trends of annual net change in wetland area before and after the no-net-loss policy established under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act in 1990. We found that wetlands experienced annual loss, gain, and type conversion across the entire study period. Vegetated wetlands (emergent and riparian wetlands) experienced a 314 ha net loss of wetland area across the 40 year study period whereas non-vegetated wetlands (lacustrine and riverine wetlands) experienced a 393 ha net gain. All wetland types combined saw a 79 ha net increase in wetland area across the full study period. The majority of both gain and loss in the study area was attributed to and from agricultural conversion followed by urban land use. Time series analysis of the rate of change of net wetland area was calculated using the Theil-Sen (TS) Slope estimate analysis. For annual change of wetland area before and after 1990 no-net-loss policy implementations, the rate of annual wetland area lost slowed for riparian wetlands and reversed into trends of annual net gain in area of emergent wetlands. The rate of annual net area gained for lacustrine wetlands was slowed post-policy. Accuracy assessment of land use change polygons in the field was only able to capture 12% of our interpretations due to access restrictions associated with private land. In spite of a low sample size (n=45), overall accuracy of land use classification through wetland change polygons was at 80%. This accuracy increased to 91.1% when land use classes were aggregated to either wetland or upland categories, indicating that our methodology was more accurate at distinguishing between general upland and wetland than finer categorical classes.
Download or read book Riparian Areas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-10-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Download or read book Willamette River Basin Planning Atlas written by David Hulse and published by . This book was released on 2002-01 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Willamette River Basin Planning Atlas offers a valuable resource for anyone interested in the region's past, present, and future. Using a variety of color maps, charts, and photographs, the Atlas presents a vast amount of information intended to provide a long-term, large-scale view of changes in human and natural systems within the Basin." "Five chapters provide information on current conditions and historical changes since 1850, focusing in turn on land forms and geology, water resources, plants and animals, land use, and human population." "Next, there is a detailed examination of how the Basin may change between now and 2050 under three alternative scenarios for future land and water use: one assuming a continuation of current land use and management policies, the second assuming a loosening of current policies to allow freer development, and the third assuming greater emphasis on ecosystem protection and restoration." "The final chapter demonstrates how the information and analyses presented in the Atlas can be used to prioritize and design river restoration strategies. Although the focus is on the Willamette River and its floodplain, the book's approach provides a useful model that can be applied to other regions as well." "Intended for general readers and specialists alike, the Atlas provides information to help local citizens, policymakers, and scientists make better decisions about the Willamette River Basin and its future."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aldo Leopold, father of the "land ethic," once said, "The time has come for science to busy itself with the earth itself. The first step is to reconstruct a sample of what we had to begin with." The concept he expressedâ€"restorationâ€"is defined in this comprehensive new volume that examines the prospects for repairing the damage society has done to the nation's aquatic resources: lakes, rivers and streams, and wetlands. Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems outlines a national strategy for aquatic restoration, with practical recommendations, and features case studies of aquatic restoration activities around the country. The committee examines: Key concepts and techniques used in restoration. Common factors in successful restoration efforts. Threats to the health of the nation's aquatic ecosystems. Approaches to evaluation before, during, and after a restoration project. The emerging specialties of restoration and landscape ecology.
Download or read book Stream Habitat Classification and Restoration in the Blue Mountains of Northeast Oregon written by Joseph Lamar Ebersole and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The restoration of rivers and streams should be based on a strong conceptual framework. Streams are developing systems. As such, streams exhibit temporal behaviors that change with changing stream environments. Underlying the dynamic development of streams is potential capacity. Streams express this capacity as an array of habitats over time and across the landscape. Human land uses in the western United States have rapidly altered aquatic habitats as well as the processes that shape habitat. As a result, the diversity of native fishes and their habitats has been suppressed. Restoration is fundamentally about allowing stream systems to re-express their capacities. Four steps are provided to guide stream restoration activities. Key tasks include: identification of the historic patterns of habitat development; protection of the developmental diversity that remains; local application of specific knowledge about suppressive factors; classification of sensitive, critical or refugium habitats; release of anthropogenic suppression; and monitoring of biotic response to habitat change. Applying these concepts, I describe potential habitat refugia for aquatic organisms in the Joseph Creek basin in the Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon. Five valley segment classes, differing in valley corridor landforms, are described. Of these, low-gradient wide alluvial valleys have been most altered by human land use. Riparian vegetation has been extensively removed or altered in alluvial valleys. Currently, stream habitats are structurally depauperate, and warm to temperatures well above thermal tolerances of native salmonids. Potential refugia for native coldwater fishes in these valleys include patches of complex habitat within stream reaches. Reaches fenced to exclude domestic livestock exhibit narrower channels, more pools, and higher frequencies of stable vegetated banks than nearby unfenced reaches. During summer low flow periods, cold groundwater seeping into and accumulating in stream channels forms "cold pools". Cold pools provide potential seasonal refuge for coldwater fish at microhabitat scales. Cold pools are associated with channel complexity, and are more frequent in reaches with vigorous riparian vegetation. Seven classes of cold pools are described. Cold pool classes differ in minimum temperature, maximum depth and volume. Distributions of cold pool classes between valley segment classes suggest that valley geomorphology in addition to local channel form may influence development of certain cold pool types. Although refugia at the microhabitat to reach scales are important, the context within which remnant or refugium habitats and associated relict populations are maintained may ultimately determine the persistence of those species and habitats. In managed landscapes, protection and restoration of habitats at many scales may be necessary if we are to best insure the persistence of native species.
Download or read book Low Tech Process Based Restoration of Riverscapes written by Joseph M. Wheaton and published by Usu Restoration Consortium. This book was released on 2019-06-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this design manual is to provide restoration practitioners with guidelines for implementing a subset of low-tech tools--namely beaver dam analogues (BDAs) and post-assisted log structures (PALS)--for initiating process-based restoration in structurally-starved riverscapes. While the concept of process-based restoration in riverscapes has been advocated for at least two decades, details and specific examples on how to implement it remain sparse. Here, we describe 'low-tech process-based restoration' as a practice of using simple, low unit-cost, structural additions (e.g. wood and beaver dams) to riverscapes to mimic functions and initiate specific processes. Hallmarks of this approach include: - An explicit focus on the processes that a low-tech restoration intervention is meant to promote.- A conscious effort to use cost-effective, low-tech treatments (e.g., hand-built, natural materials, non-engineered, short-term design life-spans) because of the need to efficiently scale-up application.- 'Letting the system do the work', which defers critical decision making to riverscapes and nature's ecosystem engineers.
Download or read book River restoration a strategic approach to planning and management written by Speed, Robert and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wetland and Land Use Change in the Willamette Valley Oregon 1982 to 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
