Download or read book Stratospheric Plume Dispersion Measurements from STS and Titan Solid Rocket Motor Exhaust written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plume expansion was measured from nine Space Shuttle and Titan IV vehicles at altitudes of 18, 24, and 30 km in the stratosphere. The plume diameters were inferred from electronic images of polarized, near-infrared solar radiation scattered from the exhaust particles, and these diameters were found to increase linearly with time. The expansion rate was measured for as long as 50 min after the vehicle reached altitude. Measurements made simultaneously at multiple altitudes showed that the expansion rate increased with increasing altitude for six measurements made at Cape Canaveral but decreased between 24 and 30 km for the one measurement made at Vandenberg AFB. The average expansion rates for all measurements are 4.3 +/- 1.0 m/s at 18 km, 6.8 +/- 1.9 m/s at 24 km, and 8.7 +/- 2.5 m/s at 30 km. Expansion rates varied from launch to launch by as much as a factor of 1.6 at 18 km, 2.2 at 24 km, and 2.7 at 30 km. No correlation between the expansion rate and wind speed or shear was evident. These data are compared to several models for diffusivity and are used to update a comprehensive particle model of solid rocket motor exhaust in the stratosphere. The expansion rates are required by models to calculate the spatial extent and temporal persistence of the local stratospheric ozone depletion cause by solid rocket exhaust.
Download or read book Environmental Effects of Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor Exhaust Plumes written by BaoChuan Hwang and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ground Cloud Dispersion Measurements During The Titan IV Mission K15 5 December 1995 at Vandenberg Air Force Base Volume 2 Further Analysis of Quantitative Imagery and of Aircraft HCl Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The atmospheric dispersion Model Validation Program (MVP) collects and distributes launch cloud dispersion and transport data for the launch community. A previous report provided an overview and data summary for launch cloud measurements associated with the Titan IV Mission #K15 launch (5 December 1993). This report presents a more detailed analysis, both for the aircraft HCl measurements and for the quantitative imagery. This analysis includes a comparison, at one-min resolution, of the aircraft's HCl sampling data with the results of simultaneous quantitative imagery. The combined data provide a three-dimensional perspective of the solid rocket motor exhaust cloud for the first 11 min after launch. In addition, this report provides a detailed graphical plotting of the aircraft's HCl measurements and maps the HCl concentrations both in time and in space. Comparisons reveal that both REEDM version 7.07 and version 7.08 predict lower-than-measured HCl concentrations at the predicted stabilization height. These aircraft data document fragmentation of the cloud into separate parcels and slower-than-expected dispersion of these portions of the ground cloud. The imagery data documented the rise and stabilization of the cloud during the first 11 min after launch. These data are useful for quantifying the accuracy of the Rocket Exhaust Effluent Diffusion Model (REEDM) as it is tuned for better agreement with measured cloud characteristics.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ground Cloud Dispersion Measurements During the Titan IV Mission K23 14 May 1995 at Cape Canaveral Air Station Volume 1 Test Overview and Data Summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launch plume imagery, airborne and ground-level HCl measurement results and meteorological data determined during the launch of a Titan IV vehicle at Cape Canaveral Air Station (CCAS) on 14 May 1995 (mission #K23) are presented. These data will be used to determine the accuracy of the Rocket Exhaust Effluent Diffusion Model (REEDM). The imagery and aircraft-based HCl measurements indicate that the plume separated into ground-cloud and launch-column segments below and above 2000 meters, respectively, that took northeast and southeast trajectories out to sea consistent with rawinsonde data. The ground cloud's stabilization height was twice that predicted by REEDM. Of numerous deployed dosimeters, large HCl responses (greater than or equal 100 ppm-min) were obtained only for dosimeters on four lightning towers surrounding the pad and at a southeasterly position on the perimeter fence 180 meters away. REEDM predicted that a low-level inversion layer would prevent the cloud from diffusing back to ground. Aircraft HCl measurements briefly performed at altitudes as low as 400 meters 50 min after launch and 16 km from the pad detected only low levels (0.1-0.5 ppm) of HCl.
Download or read book Airborne Measurements of Launch Vehicle Effluent written by Gerald L. Gregory and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ground Cloud Dispersion Measurements During The Titan IV Mission Number K15 5 December 1995 at Vandenberg Air Force Base Volume 1 Test Overview and Data Summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launch plume imagery, airborne and ground-level HCl measurement results, and meteorological data measured during the launch of a Titan IV vehicle at Vandenberg Air Force Base on 5 December 1995 (mission K-15) are presented. These data is used to determine the accuracy of the Rocket Exhaust Effluent Diffusion Model (REEDM). The imagery showed the separation into ground cloud and launch column segments, with the ground cloud stabilization height occurring 28% higher than predicted by REEDM. It also moved in a direction 24 deg more clockwise than predicted by REEDM, and 21% faster, but in good agreement with that calculated for the rawinsonde T-15 minute data. Of 34 dosimeters placed along the projected plume path, all but three provided usable data, ranging from 13 to 340 ppm min dosages. Aircraft data during cloud fly throughs were obtained using both the Geomet and Spectral Science instruments.
Download or read book Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle EELV Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spring Meeting written by American Geophysical Union. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energiya Buran written by Bart Hendrickx and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-05 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This absorbing book describes the long development of the Soviet space shuttle system, its infrastructure and the space agency’s plans to follow up the first historic unmanned mission. The book includes comparisons with the American shuttle system and offers accounts of the Soviet test pilots chosen for training to fly the system, and the operational, political and engineering problems that finally sealed the fate of Buran and ultimately of NASA’s Shuttle fleet.
Download or read book Chemical Rocket Propulsion written by Luigi T. De Luca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 1069 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed and expanded from the work presented at the New Energetic Materials and Propulsion Techniques for Space Exploration workshop in June 2014, this book contains new scientific results, up-to-date reviews, and inspiring perspectives in a number of areas related to the energetic aspects of chemical rocket propulsion. This collection covers the entire life of energetic materials from their conceptual formulation to practical manufacturing; it includes coverage of theoretical and experimental ballistics, performance properties, as well as laboratory-scale and full system-scale, handling, hazards, environment, ageing, and disposal. Chemical Rocket Propulsion is a unique work, where a selection of accomplished experts from the pioneering era of space propulsion and current technologists from the most advanced international laboratories discuss the future of chemical rocket propulsion for access to, and exploration of, space. It will be of interest to both postgraduate and final-year undergraduate students in aerospace engineering, and practicing aeronautical engineers and designers, especially those with an interest in propulsion, as well as researchers in energetic materials.
Download or read book Facing the Heat Barrier written by T. A. Heppenheimer and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypersonics is the study of flight at speeds where aerodynamic heating dominates the physics of the problem. It is an engineering science with close links to supersonics and engine design. Within this field, many of the most important results have been experimental. The principal facilities have been wind tunnels and related devices, which have produced flows with speeds up to orbital velocity. Why is this important? Hypersonics has had two major applications. The first has been to provide thermal protection during atmospheric reentry. Success in this enterprise has supported ballistic-missile nose cones, has returned strategic reconnaissance photos from orbit and astronauts from the Moon, and has even dropped an instrument package into the atmosphere of Jupiter. The second application has involved high-speed propulsion and has sought to develop the scramjet as an advanced airbreathing ramjet. Atmospheric entry today is fully mature as an engineering discipline, but work with its applications continues to reach for new achievements. Studies of scramjets still seek full success, in which such engines can accelerate a vehicle without the use of rockets. Hence, there is much to do in this area as well.
Download or read book Leo on the Cheap written by John R. London and published by . This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colonel London has developed an extensive and well-documented amount of information on the original causes of high launch costs, the specifics of current costs, and the reasons that these costs continue to be perpetuated. He offers recommendations that buck the popular trend of advanced technology solutions, and he describes how a significant reduction in launch costs would have a broad positive impact on a variety of space systems and activities. His research is thorough and his command of the subject is impressive.
Download or read book Animals in Space written by Colin Burgess and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-05 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is as a detailed, but highly readable and balanced account of the history of animal space flights carried out by all nations, but principally the United States and the Soviet Union. It explores the ways in which animal high-altitude and space flight research impacted on space flight biomedicine and technology, and how the results - both successful and disappointing - allowed human beings to then undertake that same hazardous journey with far greater understanding and confidence. This complete and authoritative book will undoubtedly become the ultimate authority on animal space flights.
Download or read book Contemporary Anarchist Studies written by Randall Amster and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-02-10 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the recent rise in interest in anarchist theory and practice attempting to bridge the gap between anarchist activism on the streets and anarchist studies in the academia. Bringing together some of the most prominent voices in contemporary anarchism in the academy, it includes pieces written on anarchist theory, pedagogy, methodologies, praxis, and the future.
Download or read book Innovation with Purpose written by Lockheed Martin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The International Handbook of Space Technology written by Malcolm Macdonald and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook provides an overview of space technology and a holistic understanding of the system-of-systems that is a modern spacecraft. With a foreword by Elon Musk, CEO and CTO of SpaceX, and contributions from globally leading agency experts from NASA, ESA, JAXA, and CNES, as well as European and North American academics and industrialists, this handbook, as well as giving an interdisciplinary overview, offers, through individual self-contained chapters, more detailed understanding of specific fields, ranging through: · Launch systems, structures, power, thermal, communications, propulsion, and software, to · entry, descent and landing, ground segment, robotics, and data systems, to · technology management, legal and regulatory issues, and project management. This handbook is an equally invaluable asset to those on a career path towards the space industry as it is to those already within the industry.
