Download or read book Stratigraphic Architecture and Flow Dynamics of Deep water Turbidite Deposits written by Larisa U. Masalimova and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the architecture, depositional setting, fluid dynamics, and stratigraphic evolution of deep-water deposits in the Taranaki and Molasse Basins. This dissertation consists of three chapters: two of them are studies of the Mount Messenger Formation in the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, and the third is the study of the Puchkirchen Formation in the Molasse Basin, Austria. Chapter 1 is a field-based outcrop study of the channel-lobe complex in New Zealand which documents the terminal destination of the siliciclastic deposits on the basin floor. Chapter 1 gives a more precise and polished picture to timing of filling and deposition of the channel and lobe complexes, and a larger picture of the paleogeography of the eastern Taranaki Basin. The subsurface study of Chapter 2 explores the interplay between submarine channel belt and overbank deposits in the Molasse Basin in Austria. This chapter describes the interaction between turbidity currents and debris flows within the channel as well as documents in more detail the slope of the foreland basin and gullies developed on it. Chapter 3 explores the hydrodynamics of formation of dune-size ripples under high-density turbidity currents.
Download or read book Mass transport Deposits in Deepwater Settings written by R. Craig Shipp and published by SEPM Soc for Sed Geology. This book was released on 2011 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, submarine-mass failures or mass-transport deposits have been a focus of increasingly intense investigation by academic institutions particularly during the last decade, though they received much less attention by geoscientists in the energy industry. With recent interest in expanding petroleum exploration and production into deeper water-depths globally and more widespread availability of high-quality data sets, mass-transport deposits are now recognized as a major component of most deep-water settings. This recognition has lead to the realization that many aspects of these deposits are still unknown or poorly understood. This volume contains twenty-three papers that address a number of topics critical to further understanding mass-transport deposits. These topics include general overviews of these deposits, depositional settings on the seafloor and in the near-subsurface interval, geohazard concerns, descriptive outcrops, integrated outcrop and seismic data/seismic forward modeling, petroleum reservoirs, and case studies on several associated topics. This volume will appeal to a broad cross section of geoscientists and geotechnical engineers, who are interested in this rapidly expanding field. The selection of papers in this volume reflects a growing trend towards a more diverse blend of disciplines and topics, covered in the study of mass-transport deposits.
Download or read book Deep Water Turbidite Systems written by Dorrik A. V. Stow and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third volume in the IAS Reprint Series reviews some of themajor contributions that have been made over the last twenty yearsto our understanding of deep water environments. Few groups ofrocks have received as much attention in recent years as deep seasands and yet retained so many unsolved problems - How far and howfast can sediment debris flows travel? Do the many ancient seriesthat have been interpreted as submarine fan deposits bear anyresemblance to present day deep sea flows? How valid are thesequences described as coarsening upward or fining upward, and howshould they be interpreted? This timely review of contributionsmade to this area of study since 1970 reflects the heightenedinterest that has surrounded it. Deep Water Turbidite Systems contains 22 papers(reproduced in full) and 22 abstracts of papers that have appearedin the journal Sedimentology, concerned with the broadspectrum of topics within the field of turbidites and associateddeep water systems. If you are a member of the International Association ofSedimentologists, for purchasing details, please see:http://www.iasnet.org/publications/details.asp?code=RP3
Download or read book Seismic Geomorphology written by R. J. Davies and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2007 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are poised to embark on a new era of discovery in the study of geomorphology. The discipline has a long and illustrious history, but in recent years an entirely new way of studying landscapes and seascapes has been developed. It involves the use of 3D seismic data. Just as CAT scans allow medical staff to view our anatomy in 3D, seismic data now allows Earth scientists to do what the early geomorphologists could only dream of - view tens and hundreds of square kilometres of the Earth's subsurface in 3D and therefore see for the first time how landscapes have evolved through time. This volume demonstrates how Earth scientists are starting to use this relatively new tool to study the dynamic evolution of a range of sedimentary environments.
Download or read book Fine Grained Turbidite Systems written by Arnold H. Bouma and published by AAPG. This book was released on 2000-04-25 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM includes additional illustrations and material.
Download or read book Atlas of Deep Water Environments written by K.T. Pickering and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book External Controls on Deep water Depositional Systems written by SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) and published by SEPM Soc for Sed Geology. This book was released on 2009 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains digital version of this publication.
Download or read book Deep Marine Systems written by Kevin T. Pickering and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep-water (below wave base) processes, although generally hidden from view, shape the sedimentary record of more than 65% of the Earth’s surface, including large parts of ancient mountain belts. This book aims to inform advanced-level undergraduate and postgraduate students, and professional Earth scientists with interests in physical oceanography and hydrocarbon exploration and production, about many of the important physical aspects of deep-water (mainly deep-marine) systems. The authors consider transport and deposition in the deep sea, trace-fossil assemblages, and facies stacking patterns as an archive of the underlying controls on deposit architecture (e.g., seismicity, climate change, autocyclicity). Topics include modern and ancient deep-water sedimentary environments, tectonic settings, and how basinal and extra-basinal processes generate the typical characteristics of basin slopes, submarine canyons, contourite mounds and drifts, submarine fans, basin floors and abyssal plains.
Download or read book Stratigraphic Architecture Depositional Processes and Reservoir Implications of the Basin Floor to Slope Transition Neoproterozoic Windermere Turbidite System Canada written by Lilian Leomer Navarro Ugueto and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep-water strata of the Neoproterozoic Kaza Group and Isaac Formation (Cariboo Group) in the southern Canadian Cordillera (B.C.) were deposited in a passive-margin basin during the break-up of supercontinent Rodinia. At the Castle Creek and Mount Quanstrom study areas, a remarkably continuous stratigraphic interval throughout these units preserves a record of basin-floor overlain by strata deposited in the lowermost part of the slope. Although similar stratal intervals have been described from ancient and modern deep-marine settings, they still remain poorly understood. Three main stratal units are recognized within the study areas. The lower unit consists of three channel-lobe systems formed in the basin floor to slope transition. Uniquely, siliciclastic-dominated strata here consist of a variety of small- and few large-scale scour elements, indicating transport bypass along the channel-lobe transition zone, in addition to detached or attached depositional lobes composed mostly of distributary channels, fine-grained deposits, and uncommon splays, and a rare slope leveed channel complex. The middle unit is a siliciclastic-dominated succession of stacked, km-scale mass-transport deposits (i.e. debrites and slides), which indicates the more frequent emplacement of increasingly larger mass failures on a prograding slope, and are overlain by fine-grained, splay deposits that are successively overlain by channel, ponded and fine-grained deposits. In contrast, the upper unit is a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate slope succession of the first Isaac carbonate, a regional marker horizon that comprises mostly carbonate-rich and siliciclastic-rich fine-grained strata intercalated with channel and gully complexes that are mostly filled with coarser-grained strata. Abrupt changes in facies trends, stratal stacking patterns and depositional styles throughout these units are largely linked to long-term changes in relative sea level and its control on sediment supply, namely sediment caliber, volume and mineralogy. Notably, in the upper unit, small-scale changes in sediment source and supply are related to shorter sea-level variations superimposed on the long-term eustatic change.
Download or read book Deepwater Sedimentary Systems written by Jon R. Rotzien and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-18 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deepwater Sedimentary Systems: Science, Discovery and Applications helps readers identify, understand and interpret deepwater sedimentary systems at various scales – both onshore and offshore. This book describes the best practices in the integration of geology, geophysics, engineering, technology and economics used to inform smart business decisions in these diverse environments. It draws on technical results gained from deepwater exploration and production drilling campaigns and global field analog studies. With the multi-decadal resilience of deepwater exploration and production and the nature of its inherent uncertainty, this book serves as the essential reference for companies, consultancies, universities, governments and deepwater practitioners around the world seeking to understand deepwater systems and how to explore for and produce resources in these frontier environments. From an academic perspective, readers will use this book as the primer for understanding the processes, deposits and sedimentary environments in deep water – from deep oceans to deep lakes. This book provides conceptual approaches and state-of-the-art information on deepwater systems, as well as scenarios for the next 100 years of human-led exploration and development in deepwater, offshore environments. The students taught this material in today's classrooms will become the leaders of tomorrow in Earth's deepwater frontier. This book provides a broad foundation in deepwater sedimentary systems. What may take an individual dozens of academic and professional courses to achieve an understanding in these systems is provided here in one book. - Presents a holistic view of how subsurface and engineering processes work together in the energy industry, bringing together contributions from the various technical and engineering disciplines - Provides diverse perspectives from a global authorship to create an accurate picture of the process of deepwater exploration and production around the world - Helps readers understand how to interpret deepwater systems at various scales to inform smart business decisions, with a significant portion of the workflows derived from the upstream energy industry
Download or read book The Ordos Basin written by Renchao Yang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ordos Basin: Sedimentological Research for Hydrocarbons Exploration provides an overview of sedimentological approaches used in the lacustrine Ordos Basin (but also applicable in other marine and lacustrine basins) to make hydrocarbon exploration more efficient. Oil exploration is becoming increasingly focused on tight sandstone reservoirs and shales. The development of these reservoirs, particularly regarding the sedimentary processes and the resulting sediments, are still poorly understood. Exploration and exploitation of such reservoirs requires new insights into the lateral and vertical facies changes, and as already indicated above, the knowledge surrounding facies and how they change in deep-water environments is still relatively unclear. - Covers several geological aspects so the reader may well understand the context of the various chapters - Explores and explains the important relationship between sedimentology and hydrocarbon explorations - Highlights the significance of sedimentological aspects (facies, porosity, etc.) for basin analysis and the development of energy resources
Download or read book An Introduction to the Analysis of Ancient Turbidite Basins from an Outcrop Perspective written by Emiliano Mutti and published by AAPG. This book was released on 1999 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbidite sedimentation of ancient orogenic belts is considered closely related to that of marginal flood-dominated fluvio-deltaic systems. These notes provide criteria that can be used for the description and interpretation of ancient turbidite systems exposed in thrust and fold belts.
Download or read book From Depositional Systems to Sedimentary Successions on the Norwegian Continental Margin written by Allard W. Martinius and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), focus of this special publication, is a prolific hydrocarbon region and both exploration and production activity remains high to this day with a positive production outlook. A key element today and in the future is to couple technological developments to improving our understanding of specific geological situations. The theme of the publication reflects the immense efforts made by all industry operators and their academic partners on the NCS to understand in detail the structural setting, sedimentology and stratigraphy of the hydrocarbon bearing units and their source and seal. The papers cover a wide spectrum of depositional environments ranging from alluvial fans to deepwater fans, in almost every climate type from arid through humid to glacial, and in a variety of tectonic settings. Special attention is given to the integration of both analogue studies and process-based models with the insights gained from extensive subsurface datasets.
Download or read book Multi scale Architectural Evolution and Flow Property Characterization of Channelized Turbidite Systems written by Zane Richards Jobe and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Channelized turbidite systems in the deep ocean are important conduits for clastic detritus and can serve as excellent hydrocarbon reservoirs. These systems are inherently complex and heterogeneous, and our knowledge concerning their development, architecture and evolution is continuously advancing. Turbidity currents, the flows that carve and sculpt submarine channel systems, and their hydraulic properties, have proven difficult to characterize due to their destructive power. Consequently, outcrops and remotely sensed data of the seafloor have repeatedly demonstrated their usefulness in conveying small- and large-scale data that characterize submarine channel systems and the turbidity currents that build them. The ambition of this thesis is twofold: 1) to contribute to the growing database of unique examples of submarine channels and their evolution in spatial and temporal terms, and 2) to estimate turbidity current flow properties and consider how variations in those properties influence the architectural evolution of channelized turbidite systems. In order to accomplish that mission, three studies were undertaken, forming the chapters of this thesis. Chapter 1 is the detailed characterization of a large, asymmetric, conglomerate-rich submarine channel complex of the axial channel-belt of the Cerro Toro Formation in the Magallanes retro-arc foreland basin, southern Chile. This low-sinuosity channel belt flowed southward down the axis of the elongate foreland basin during the Late Cretaceous. Excellent exposures of the axial channel-belt on Sierra del Toro reveals the 3.5 km wide, 300 m thick 'Wildcat' channel complex that displays highly asymmetric facies distribution. Over 2000 m of measured section and field mapping demonstrate that grain size, bed thickness, degree of amalgamation, and margin architecture vary drastically across the channel fill. The eastern side of the Wildcat complex is characterized by thick-bedded conglomerate, sandstone, and debris-flow deposits onlapping a single erosional surface adjacent to sandy overbank deposits, whereas the western side shows thin-bedded, sandy and muddy facies onlapping a composite margin adjacent to a predominantly muddy overbank. The Wildcat complex is interpreted to represent part of a gentle right-hand meander bend of the axial channel-belt, and the facies and architecture of the opposing margins indicate that the eastern and western sides constitute the outer and inner banks of this meander bend. Turbidity currents, due to flow momentum and centrifugal forces, responded to the meander bend by preferentially depositing coarse, amalgamated sediment near the outer eastern bank and in the adjacent overbank; finer and non-amalgamated sediment accumulated near the inner western bank. The absence of lateral accretion deposits suggests that the channel was entrenched and did not migrate during filling. However, divergent paleoflow directions and overbank deposition in the uppermost channel fill indicate that late-stage flows were only weakly confined. These observations have been incorporated into an evolutionary model of asymmetric submarine channel fill that demonstrates observed facies distributions and the contrasting architecture of the inner and outer banks. This model can be applied to other low-sinuosity submarine channels and can be modified for more highly sinuous channels. Lastly, the abundant data concerning channel asymmetry presented here can be used to refine flume experiments and numerical models of sinuous channel evolution as well as populate reservoir models of sinuous submarine channels. Chapter 2 presents results from a seismic-reflection based study of the long-term evolution of a submarine canyon system located on the continental slope offshore Equatorial Guinea, west Africa. During the Late Cretaceous, the margin was incised by a sand-rich, erosive submarine canyon system that indented the shelf edge and had a downslope submarine fan. This canyon system was abandoned and partially infilled during the Paleogene, but the relict topography was reactivated in the Miocene during submarine erosion associated with tectonic uplift. A subsequent decrease in sediment supply resulted in a drastic transformation in the canyon morphology, leading to the modern 'Benito' canyon system, which does not indent the shelf edge, is mud-rich and aggradational, and has no downslope sediment apron. Borehole and core data indicates that the Cretaceous canyon system was dominated by erosive, sand-rich, high-density turbidity currents, whereas hemipelagic deposition is the chief depositional process aggrading the Benito canyon system. The presence of intra-canyon lateral accretion deposits suggests that the Benito canyon concavity was maintained by thick (> 150 m), muddy, dilute turbidity currents. When a Benito canyon loses access to the shelf and these dilute currents, it is abandoned and eventually filled. Fluid escape related to compaction of hemipelagic mud causes the successive formation of 'cross-canyon ridges' and pockmark trains along buried canyon axes during canyon abandonment. The modern seafloor just south of the study area is cut by a shelf indenting, erosive, sand-rich canyon that is morphologically similar to the Cretaceous canyon system, including the presence of a downslope submarine fan, yet this canyon exists adjacent to the much different Benito canyon system. Based on comparison of the three aforementioned canyon systems, this study promotes a bipartite canyon classification scheme: 'Type I' canyons indent the shelf edge and are linked to areas of high coarse-grained sediment supply, generating erosive canyon morphologies, sand-rich fill, and large downslope submarine fans/aprons. 'Type II' canyons do not indent the shelf edge and exhibit smooth, aggradational morphologies, mud-rich fill, and a lack of downslope fans/aprons. Type I canyons are dominated by erosive, sandy turbidity currents and mass wasting, whereas in Type II canyons, hemipelagic deposition and muddy, dilute, sluggish turbidity currents are the main depositional processes. This morphology-based classification scheme can be used to help predict depositional processes, grain size distributions, and the petroleum prospectivity of any submarine canyon. Chapter 3 developed out of my interest in climbing ripples and climbing-ripple cross-lamination (CRCL), a beautiful bedform that 'stores' flow property data upon deposition. The combination of bedload transport and suspended load sedimentation forms climbing ripples, and the angle of climb is dependent on the ratio of these two processes. These flow conditions have strict boundary conditions and indicate specific depositional environments. Three areas of deep-water CRCL formation were studied: 1) Miocene outcrops of submarine channel deposits in the Taranaki basin, New Zealand, 2) Permian submarine fan outcrops in the Tanqua Karoo, South Africa, and 3) Lower Pleistocene core from the Magnolia Field, Gulf of Mexico. These three locales, with various basin settings and local depositional architectures, all exhibit thick-bedded CRCL deposits. From these locales, four morphology-based CRCL facies are identified and the products of many different flow types, from depletive, short-lived flows that deposit only one thin set of CRCL to flows that are long-lived and exhibit surging before finally collapsing, forming CRCL with increasing angle of climb. Facies distributions and local contextual information were used to interpret the depositional environment of each locale. Although particulars vary, all locales occupy 'off-axis' environments not far removed from axes of turbidity current transport. Forty-four sedimentation units containing CRCL were measured in detail for input into the TDURE model. Calculating flow properties of this number of natural turbidites is unprecedented. CRCL sedimentation rates average 0.15 mm/s and average accumulation time is 27 minutes. Sedimentation rates do not vary significantly between locales, suggesting that CRCL in each locale was the result of non-uniform flow likely caused by a reduction in flow thickness. A distinct temporal increase in sedimentation rates in the New Zealand is interpreted to be caused by the filling of a submarine channel and the resulting progressive unconfinement. Finally, the flow property data is compared to hindered settling velocities in order to estimate concentrations of the depositing turbidity currents.
Download or read book Turbidites and Associated Deep water Facies written by Robert D. Winn and published by SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology). This book was released on 1995 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep-water siliciclastic reservoirs are a major high-potential play. As of December 1994, more than 170 wildcats have been drilled int he deep-water Gulf of Mexico with thirty announced discoveries. This core workshop has been assembled to examine the sediment and rocks deposited within eight slope basins of the Gulf of Mexico. The papers provide a starting point for discussions of depositional processes, facies, and reservoir and production characteristics based on observations from cores and core-photos. Turbidite is the most common word used to describe the sediment and rocks cored, but careful reading demonstrates that slumps, debris flows, high-density and low-density turbidites, and bottom-current reworked sediments are all recognized.
Download or read book Regional Geology and Tectonics Principles of Geologic Analysis written by Nicola Scarselli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional Geology and Tectonics: Principles of Geologic Analysis, 2nd edition is the first in a three-volume series covering Phanerozoic regional geology and tectonics. The new edition provides updates to the first edition's detailed overview of geologic processes, and includes new sections on plate tectonics, petroleum systems, and new methods of geological analysis. This book provides both professionals and students with the basic principles necessary to grasp the conceptual approaches to hydrocarbon exploration in a wide variety of geological settings globally. - Discusses in detail the principles of regional geological analysis and the main geological and geophysical tools - Captures and identifies the tectonics of the world in detail, through a series of unique geographic maps, allowing quick access to exact tectonic locations - Serves as the ideal introductory overview and complementary reference to the core concepts of regional geology and tectonics offered in volumes 2 and 3 in the series
Download or read book Confined Turbidite Systems written by Simon A. Lomas and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2004 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reflects a growing appreciation of the extent to which turbidite depositional system development is fundamentally affected by basin-floor topography. In the many turbidite and turbidite hydrocarbon reservoirs, depositional patterns have been moderately to strongly confined by pre-existing slopes. This volume examines aspects of sediment dispersal and accumulation in deep-water systems where sea-floor topography has exerted a decisive control on deposition, and explores the associated controls on hydrocarbon reservoir architecture and heterogeneity.
