Download or read book Strategic Timing and Backdating of Executive Stock Option Exercises written by David C. Cicero and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper considers executive stock option exercise timing in light of the potential for backdating of exercise dates. I find that 29 (16) percent of executive option exercises were not associated with same-day disposition of shares before (after) the August 29, 2002, enactment of more restrictive SEC reporting requirements for insider transactions under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. I interpret this as evidence executives often exercise options with the intention of holding the acquired shares for at least a year in order to qualify for long-term capital gains tax treatment on stock appreciation beyond the exercise date. Exercises accompanied by stock disposition are associated with a stock return peak, and exercises not accompanied by stock disposition are associated with a stock return trough. Further tests indicate that in the pre-Sarbanes-Oxley period executives timed exercises ex ante based on private information regardless of the stock disposition strategy, and they often backdated exercise dates when they held the acquired shares or disposed of shares back to the company only. In the post-Sarbanes-Oxley period, executives appear to have benefited through ex ante information timing only.
Download or read book Executive Stock Option Exercises written by Jie Cai and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a large sample of executive stock option exercises by the CEOs of U.S. firms during 1997-2005, I identify three popular exercise mechanisms with different backdating incentives. A cash exercise offers an incentive to exercise at a lower stock price, a stock exercise offers an incentive to exercise at a higher stock price, and a cashless exercise offers little opportunity for backdating. Given the different directions of incentive effects, it becomes critical to separate the three types of option exercises. Empirical results show that for cash exercises the average abnormal stock return is significantly negative before the reported exercise date and significantly positive afterwards. In contrast, stock exercises have the opposite stock return pattern. The market return follows similar but weaker patterns. I estimate that prior to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) around one out of eight cash exercises and one out of twenty stock exercises were backdated or otherwise manipulated. Finally, all return patterns become weaker after SOX shortens the reporting period.
Download or read book Getting Started In Employee Stock Options written by John Olagues and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An A to Z guide for understanding employee stock options (ESOs). In Getting Started In Employee Stock Optionsauthors John Olagues and John Summa provide a full understanding of ESOs and demonstrate how to make the most of them. Page by page this author team, a highly experienced options market maker and a professional trader, share essential information that you're probably not hearing anywhere else. This book contains the keys to managing and hedging ESO opportunities in addition to important tax and valuation guidance appropriate for the highest executives to the non-officer managers and the newly arrived employee. Examines essential ESO issues, including tax consequences, risks, and industry pitfalls Written by an experienced pair of stock option experts Enables employees and executives to make more informed decisions regarding their stock options grants Written in a straightforward and accessible style, Getting Started In Employee Stock Options will help protect the value of your options, help you avoid costly mistakes, and allow you to take advantage of certain friendly tax rules. Some of the world's foremost authorities on options have endorsed Getting Started inEmployee Stock Options.
Download or read book Executive Stock Option Exercises and Inside Information written by Jennifer N. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article examines whether insiders use private information to time the exercises of their executive stock options. Before May 1991, insiders had to hold the stock acquired through option exercise for 6 months. Exercises from that regime precede significantly positive abnormal stock performance, suggesting the use of inside information to time exercises. By contrast, we find little evidence of such timing since insiders have been able to sell acquired shares immediately. Now, such timing should show up as negative abnormal stock returns after option exercise. However, we find negative stock performance only after exercises by top managers at small firms.
Download or read book Employee Stock Options Exercise Timing Hedging And Valuation written by Tim Siu-tang Leung and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employee stock options (ESOs) are an integral component of compensation in the US. In fact, almost all S&P 500 companies grant options to their top executives, and the total value accounts for almost half of the total pay for their CEOs. In view of the extensive use and significant cost of ESOs to firms, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has mandated expensing ESOs since 2004. This gives rise to the need to create a reasonable valuation method for these options for most firms that grant ESOs to their employees. The valuation of ESOs involves a number of challenging issues, and is thus an important active research area in Accounting, Corporate Finance, and Financial Mathematics.In this exciting book, the author discusses the practical and challenging problems surrounding ESOs from a financial mathematician's perspective. This book provides a systematic overview of the contractual features of ESOs and thoughtful discussions of different valuation approaches, with emphasis on three major aspects: (i) hedging strategies; (ii) exercise timing; and (iii) valuation methodologies. In addition to addressing each of these categories, this book also highlights their connections and combined effects of the cost of ESOs to firms, as well as examines the implications to modeling and valuation approaches. The book features a unique approach that combines stochastic modeling and control techniques with option pricing theory, and provides formulas and numerical schemes for fast implementation and clear illustration.
Download or read book Executive Compensation in Imperfect Financial Markets written by Jay Cullen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book discusses the issue of executive compensation in Anglo-American financial markets following the financial crisis. The book begins by contextualizing the problem facing financial institutions in the US and the UK and argues that appr
Download or read book Litigation Services Handbook written by Roman L. Weil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 1022 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here’s all the information you need to provide your clients with superior litigation support services. Get up to speed quickly, with the aid of top experts, on trial preparation and testimony presentation, deposition, direct examination, and cross-examination. Authoritative and highly practical, this is THE essential guide for any financial expert wanting to prosper in this lucrative new area, the lawyers who hire them, and litigants who benefit from their efforts. "This work of amazing breadth and depth covers the central issues that arise in financial expert testimony. It is an essential reference for counsel and practitioners in the field."—Joseph A. Grundfest, The William A. Franke Professor of Law and Business, Stanford Law School; former commissioner, United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Download or read book Financial Derivatives written by Rob Quail and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-11-02 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential insights on the various aspects of financial derivatives If you want to understand derivatives without getting bogged down by the mathematics surrounding their pricing and valuation, Financial Derivatives is the book for you. Through in-depth insights gleaned from years of financial experience, Robert Kolb and James Overdahl clearly explain what derivatives are and how you can prudently use them within the context of your underlying business activities. Financial Derivatives introduces you to the wide range of markets for financial derivatives. This invaluable guide offers a broad overview of the different types of derivatives-futures, options, swaps, and structured products-while focusing on the principles that determine market prices. This comprehensive resource also provides a thorough introduction to financial derivatives and their importance to risk management in a corporate setting. Filled with helpful tables and charts, Financial Derivatives offers a wealth of knowledge on futures, options, swaps, financial engineering, and structured products. Discusses what derivatives are and how you can prudently implement them within the context of your underlying business activities Provides thorough coverage of financial derivatives and their role in risk management Explores financial derivatives without getting bogged down by the mathematics surrounding their pricing and valuation This informative guide will help you unlock the incredible potential of financial derivatives.
Download or read book Executive Compensation and Financial Accounting written by David Aboody and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive Compensation and Financial Accounting provides research perspectives on the interface between financial reporting and disclosure policies and executive compensation. In particular, it focuses on two important dimensions: - the effects of compensation-based incentives on executives' financial accounting and disclosure choices, and - the role of financial reporting and income tax regulations in shaping executive compensation practices. Executive Compensation and Financial Accounting examines the key dimensions of the relation between financial accounting and executive compensation. Specifically, the authors examine the extent to which compensation plans create incentives for executives to make particular financial reporting and disclosure choices. They also examine the extent to which accounting regulation creates incentives for firms to design particular compensation plans for their executives.
Download or read book Stock Options Backdating written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Taxation written by Toby Stock and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2012-12-17 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methodologically, volume 20 features considerable breadth. Two articles support their conclusions with analytical modeling. Two others employ experimental methods using taxpayer/practitioner subjects. In addition, two use quasi-experimental empirical analyses. Of the last two articles, one uses survey methods, and the last is a review article.
Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and Society written by Robert W. Kolb and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 7348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised, updated, and expanded, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and Society, Second Edition explores current topics, such as mass social media, cookies, and cyber-attacks, as well as traditional issues including accounting, discrimination, environmental concerns, and management. The new edition also includes an in-depth examination of current and recent ethical affairs, such as the dangerous work environments of off-shore factories for Western retailers, the negligence resulting in the 2010 BP oil spill, the gender wage gap, the minimum wage debate and increasing income disparity, and the unparalleled level of debt in the U.S. and other countries with the challenges it presents to many societies and the considerable impact on the ethics of intergenerational wealth transfers. Key Features Include: Seven volumes, available in both electronic and print formats, contain more than 1,200 signed entries by significant figures in the field Cross-references and suggestions for further readings to guide students to in-depth resources Thematic Reader′s Guide groups related entries by general topics Index allows for thorough browse-and-search capabilities in the electronic edition
Download or read book Too Much Is Not Enough written by Robert W. Kolb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scholarly literature on executive compensation is vast. As such, this literature provides an unparalleled resource for studying the interaction between the setting of incentives (or the attempted setting of incentives) and the behavior that is actually adduced. From this literature, there are several reasons for believing that one can set incentives in executive compensation with a high rate of success in guiding CEO behavior, and one might expect CEO compensation to be a textbook example of the successful use of incentives. Also, as executive compensation has been studied intensively in the academic literature, we might also expect the success of incentive compensation to be well-documented. Historically, however, this has been very far from the case. In Too Much Is Not Enough, Robert W. Kolb studies the performance of incentives in executive compensation across many dimensions of CEO performance. The book begins with an overview of incentives and unintended consequences. Then it focuses on the theory of incentives as applied to compensation generally, and as applied to executive compensation particularly. Subsequent chapters explore different facets of executive compensation and assess the evidence on how well incentive compensation performs in each arena. The book concludes with a final chapter that provides an overall assessment of the value of incentives in guiding executive behavior. In it, Kolb argues that incentive compensation for executives is so problematic and so prone to error that the social value of giving huge incentive compensation packages is likely to be negative on balance. In focusing on incentives, the book provides a much sought-after resource, for while there are a number of books on executive compensation, none focuses specifically on incentives. Given the recent fervor over executive compensation, this unique but logical perspective will garner much interest. And while the literature being considered and evaluated is technical, the book is written in a non-mathematical way accessible to any college-educated reader.
Download or read book Myths and Realities of Executive Pay written by Ira Kay and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-27 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular perceptions of executive compensation in the United States are now part of a full-blown mythology fueled by critics who have little direct experience with the inner workings of corporations, their boards, and the executive teams who ultimately shoulder the responsibility for business success or failure. This book documents the realities of executive compensation by investigating the extent to which the pay for performance model governs executive pay levels. It also assesses the relative success of this model in creating value for shareholders and robust job growth for U.S. workers and provides detailed, real-world guidance for designing and executing effective executive compensation plans. Based on extensive empirical research and decades of direct experience in the field, Myths and Realities of Executive Pay settles the debate about executive compensation and the role it plays in the broader U.S. economy.
Download or read book Pay Without Performance written by Lucian A. Bebchuk and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The company is under-performing, its share price is trailing, and the CEO gets...a multi-million-dollar raise. This story is familiar, for good reason: as this book clearly demonstrates, structural flaws in corporate governance have produced widespread distortions in executive pay. Pay without Performance presents a disconcerting portrait of managers' influence over their own pay--and of a governance system that must fundamentally change if firms are to be managed in the interest of shareholders. Lucian Bebchuk and Jesse Fried demonstrate that corporate boards have persistently failed to negotiate at arm's length with the executives they are meant to oversee. They give a richly detailed account of how pay practices--from option plans to retirement benefits--have decoupled compensation from performance and have camouflaged both the amount and performance-insensitivity of pay. Executives' unwonted influence over their compensation has hurt shareholders by increasing pay levels and, even more importantly, by leading to practices that dilute and distort managers' incentives. This book identifies basic problems with our current reliance on boards as guardians of shareholder interests. And the solution, the authors argue, is not merely to make these boards more independent of executives as recent reforms attempt to do. Rather, boards should also be made more dependent on shareholders by eliminating the arrangements that entrench directors and insulate them from their shareholders. A powerful critique of executive compensation and corporate governance, Pay without Performance points the way to restoring corporate integrity and improving corporate performance.
Download or read book Regulating Blockchain written by Philipp Hacker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Less than a decade after the Financial Crisis, we are witnessing the fast emergence of a new financial order driven by three different, yet interconnected, dynamics: first, the rapid application of technology - such as big data, machine learning, and distributed computing - to banking, lending, and investing, in particular with the emergence of virtual currencies and digital finance; second, a disintermediation fuelled by the rise of peer-to-peer lending platforms and crowd investment which challenge the traditional banking model and may, over time, lead to a transformation of the way both retail and corporate customers bank; and, third, a tendency of de-bureaucratisation under which new platforms and technologies challenge established organisational patterns that regulate finance and manage the money supply. These changes are to a significant degree driven by the development of blockchain technology. The aim of this book is to understand the technological and business potential of the blockchain technology and to reflect on its legal challenges. The book mainly focuses on the challenges blockchain technology has so far faced in its first application in the areas of virtual money and finance, as well as those that it will inevitably face (and is partially already facing, as the SEC Investigative Report of June 2017 and an ongoing SEC securities fraud investigation show) as its domain of application expands in other fields of economic activity such as smart contracts and initial coin offerings. The book provides an unparalleled critical analysis of the disruptive potential of this technology for the economy and the legal system and contributes to current thinking on the role of law in harvesting and shaping innovation.
Download or read book Corporate Fraud Exposed written by H. Kent Baker and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Fraud Exposed uncovers the motivations and drivers of fraud including agency theory, executive compensation, and organizational culture. It delves into the consequences of fraud for various firm stakeholders, and its spillover effects on other corporations, the political environment, and financial market participants.
