Download or read book Straightforward Synthesis of Poly vinyl Acetate block polystyrene Copolymers Through Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer RAFT Polymerization written by Chih-Yin Lin and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Synthesis of Well Defined Functional Homo and Block Copolymers in Aqueous Media Via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer RAFT Polymerization written by Murat Mertoğlu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Block Copolymers Via Reverse Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization as a Viable Resin for Packaging Coatings written by Claudia M. Lascu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of diblock copolymers of acrylic acid/ ethyl acrylate and of acrylic acid/ methyl methacrylate were performed using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization with 1-dodecyl-(dimethyl acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (DDMAT) chain transfer agent (CTA). Synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) macro-RAFT agent resulted in a lower degree of polymerization (DP) of 22 compared to the theoretical DP of 100 at 95% conversion. Poly(acrylic acid-b-ethyl acrylate) block copolymer showed poor conversion as well therefore the synthesis of diblock copolymers from acrylic acid was aborted. The main cause for lack of monomer conversion was cited to be from impurities. Synthesis of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) macro-RAFT agent achieved higher degree of polymerization, and provided excellent molecular weight control and dispersity (eth) for the polymerization of ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate. The tert-butyl groups were removed using dilute trifluoroacetic acid affording hydrophilic acrylic acid groups. Both poly(acrylic acid-b-ethyl acrylate) and poly(acrylic acid-b-methyl methacrylate) copolymers showed poor cure response and poor adhesion over aluminum substrate in 1% Joy detergent and 3% acetic acid solutions when compared to an bisphenol A type epoxy resin and bisphenol A free resin control. The adhesion to aluminum substrate was improved of a bisphenol A free polymer when poly(acrylic acid-b-ethyl acrylate) was incorporated rather than poly(acrylic acid-b-methyl methacrylate). Tert-butyl acrylate groups of poly(acrylic acid-b-methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer were found present via FTIR confirming that not all acrylic acid groups were available to aid adhesion to aluminum substrate. Additionally, poly(acrylic acid-b-ethyl acrylate) improved flavor scalping of a bisphenol A free polymer by 35% and poly(acrylic acid-b-methyl methacrylate) by 2%. This is due to the increase of polarity of the coating when incorporating poly(acrylic acid-b-ethyl acrylate) hence showing less affinity for non-polar components present in beverages.
Download or read book Handbook of Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam Based Materials 6 Volume Set written by Osama M. Musa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 2665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HANDBOOK OF PYRROLIDONE AND CAPROLACTAM BASED MATERIALS Brings together, for the first time, a comprehensive review of all aspects of pyrrolidone- and caprolactam-based materials This comprehensive, six-volume set describes the broad technical universe of γ- and ε- lactams, reviewing in-depth the chemistry of the small lactam-based molecules, uncovering their unique properties and showing how they have enabled a myriad of commercially important applications. From synthesis, through production and into applications, this extensive work targets significant and recent trends in γ- and ε-lactam science and technology and addresses all key aspects of pyrrolidone- and caprolactam-based materials to produce a definitive overview of the field. Handbook of Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam Based Materials provides a detailed and modern portrait of the impact of pyrrolidone- and caprolactam-based materials on the world, as well as potential future possibilities. Volume One presents the chemistry of small lactam-based molecules and uncovers their unique properties. Volume Two covers polymeric materials, including polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl caprolactam, and reviews homopolymerization, copolymerization, controlled radical polymermization and acrylate based pyrrolidone polymerizations. Volume Three examines the physical chemistry and molecular interactions of pyrrolidone and caprolactam based materials. Volume Four expands upon the characterization theme from the third volume, and includes detailed discussions of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermal and mechanical properties, and imaging techniques. Volume Five explores pharmaceutical applications in both ingredients and materials, as well as the antimicrobial properties and applications of pyrrolidone and caprolactam-based materials, and their toxicology. Volume Six covers personal and home care, skin care, transdermal applications and wound care, oral care, adhesion related applications and digital applications such as inkjet technology. Handbook of Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam Based Materials will appeal to industrial scientists and engineers interested in polymer development and manufacturing. It will also benefit academic researchers working in the fields of chemistry, materials science, and chemical and process engineering.
Download or read book Handbook of RAFT Polymerization written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanning the entire field from fundamentals to applications in material science, this one-stop source is the first comprehensive reference for polymer, physical and surface chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and those chemists working in industry. From the contents: * Introduction: Living Free Radical Polymerization and the RAFT Process * Fundamental Structure-Reactivity Correlations Governing the RAFT Process * Mechanism and Kinetics * The RAFT Process as a Kinetic Tool * Theory and Practice in Technical Applications * RAFT Polymerization in Bulk and Organic Solvents, as well as Homogeneous Aqueous Systems * Emulsion and Mini-Emulsion Polymerization * Complex Architecture Design * Macromolecular Design via the Interchange of Xanthates * Surface Modification * Stability and Physical Properties of RAFT Polymers * Novel Materials: From Drug Delivery to Opto-Electronics * Outlook and Future Developments
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Poly methacrylamide styrene Block Copolymer Via Free Radical Polymerization and Reverse Addition fragmentation Chain Transfer raft Polymerization written by Nor Arbani Sean and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Dye labeled Copolymers by Reversible Addition fragmentation Transfer RAFT Polymerization written by Binxin Li and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Giant Molecules written by Walter Gratzer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-05-26 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our lives are dominated by giant molecules, which have remarkable properties, some of which are only just being discovered and exploited by science, though many have long been exploited far more effectively by Nature. Giant molecules dominate our lives - from the proteins and DNA within us to the man-made fibres of our clothes and the many plastics that we use every day. And they are set to have an enormous impact on the future, as scientists and engineers learn from nature (biomimetics), and utilize the full potential of tiny carbon nanotubes. The possibilities may seem like science fiction - a space station tethered to Earth by cables of giant molecules, tiny molecular vehicles carrying and dispensing drugs in our bodies, smart materials that adjust automatically to optimize our comfort, minute computers utilizing the information storage capacity of DNA - but they are the subjects of cutting edge research. Walter Gratzer gives a fascinating account of the discovery and variety of giant molecules, how they come to have their remarkable properties, and how these are used by Nature and increasingly by us, pausing now and again to tell of some of the remarkable characters involved in their discovery and development.
Download or read book Polymers for Biomedical Applications written by Anil Mahapatro and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on applications of polymers for biomedical applications has increased dramatically to find improved medical plastics for this rapidly evolving field. This book brings together various aspects of recent research and developments within academia and industry related to polymers for biomedical applications.
Download or read book Textile Technology Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RAFT Polymerization of Ethylene for the Synthesis of Polar apolar Olefin Block Copolymers written by Cédric Bergerbit and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The synthesis of polar-apolar olefin block copolymers, combining a semi-crystalline polyethylene (PE) block and a polar block (poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)) was investigated by RAFT polymerization. A preliminary study on ethylene homopolymerization revealed parasite cross-termination reactions happening at the intermediate radical, resulting in the loss of chain-end fidelity when using aromatic xanthates as chain transfer agents (CTA) under relative mild conditions (T = 70 - 80 °C, P = 200 bar). The extent of cross-termination was greatly reduced with aromatic dithiocarbamates, and for the first time, PE chains with a high livingness were obtained. These first results were used to equip polar macromolecular CTAs (PVAc, PMMA, PEO), with selected aromatic xanthates and dithiocarbamates, that were further used for block copolymerization with ethylene in a low-transferring organic solvent (dimethyl carbonate, DMC). A critical influence of the ethylene pressure was evidenced as block polymerization at 200 bar could not be achieved due to solubility issues in the resulting supercritical DMC/ethylene mixture. This was circumvented by performing the block copolymerization below the supercritical point of the mixture (P
Download or read book Polysaccharide Based Graft Copolymers written by Susheel Kalia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned experts give all essential aspects of the techniques and applications of graft copolymers based on polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are the most abundant natural organic materials and polysaccharide based graft copolymers are of great importance and widely used in various fields. Natural polysaccharides have recently received more attention due to their advantages over synthetic polymers by being non-toxic, biodegradable and available at low cost. Modification of polysaccharides through graft copolymerization improves the properties of polysaccharides. Grafting is known to improve the characteristic properties of the backbones. Such properties include water repellency, thermal stability, flame resistance, dye-ability and resistance towards acid-base attack and abrasion. Polysaccharides and their graft copolymers find extensive applications in diversified fields. Applications of modified polysaccharides include drug delivery devices, controlled release of fungicides, selective water absorption from oil-water emulsions, purification of water etc.
Download or read book Synthesis of Poly butyl Acrylate and Poly isobutyl Acrylate Via Reversible Fragmentation Transfer RAFT written by Carolyn Telfer and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Butyl acrylate (BA) is industrially important. Hence, developing a synthetic method is crucial. Living polymerization is effective at obtaining low molecular weight distributions and high polydispersity indexes. We explored Reversible Addition Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT), a controlled polymerization mechanism, and its applications for the synthesis of poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) and poly(isobutyl acrylate) (PiBA), block and random, controlled copolymers of those two polymers, and finally styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers. Regarding PBA, monomer conversion, molecular weight distribution (MWD), and polydispersity index (PDI) were directly correlated with the variation of concentration of [CMDTTC], our RAFT agent. These same parameters were directly correlated with the variation of concentration of [Vazo 67], our initiator. Kinetics of PBA were proven to be impacted by nitrogen purging and system temperature. Changing solvents yielded little to no effect on the conversion and only some effect on the kinetics. Upon discovering ideal reaction conditions, PiBA was studied and compared to PBA. Kinetic studies showed an insignificant difference between the two polymerizations. Temperature and solvent effects were comparable between both PBA and PiBA. The conversions of poly(BA)-b-poly(iBA) and poly(BA/iBA) were briefly compared with no significant difference between them. The conversion of poly(styrene/maleic anhydride) was briefly explored as another application of RAFT, with no conclusions reached. Poly(dichlorophosphazene) synthesis was briefly explored. Our results concluded that starting materials must undergo extensive purification prior to use.
Download or read book Microwave assisted Polymer Synthesis written by Richard Hoogenboom and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students
Download or read book Antioxidant Polymers written by Giuseppe Cirillo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antioxidant Polymers is an exhaustive overview of the recent developments in the field of polymeric materials showing antioxidant properties. This research area has grown rapidly in the last decade because antioxidant polymers have wide industry applications ranging from materials science to biomedical, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Download or read book Twofold Switchable Block Copolymers Based on New Polyzwitterions written by Viet Hildebrand and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In complement to the well-established zwitterionic monomers 3-((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate ("SPE") and 3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate ("SPP"), the closely related sulfobetaine monomers were synthesized and polymerized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, using a fluorophore labeled RAFT agent. The polyzwitterions of systematically varied molar mass were characterized with respect to their solubility in water, deuterated water, and aqueous salt solutions. These poly(sulfobetaine)s show thermoresponsive behavior in water, exhibiting upper critical solution temperatures (UCST). Phase transition temperatures depend notably on the molar mass and polymer concentration, and are much higher in D2O than in H2O. Also, the phase transition temperatures are effectively modulated by the addition of salts. The individual effects can be in parts correlated to the Hofmeister series for the anions studied. Still, they depend in a complex way on the ...
Download or read book The Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Poly ethylene Oxide block poly octadecyl Acrylate Block Copolymers written by Yi Wang (Polymer engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of well-defined poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(octadecyl acrylate) (PEO-b-PODA) diblock copolymers were successfully synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization with low polydispersities (M[subscript w]/M[subscript n] = 1.09-1.13). The crystallization behavior of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(octadecyl acrylate) (PEO-b-PODA) diblock copolymers has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The melt morphology of PEO455-PODA19 experienced a transition from lamella to cylinder at 130°C. For the double crystalline block copolymer PEO455-PODA19, the micro-phase separation at 55°C created lamellar micro-domains, which confined the PEO blocks as it crystallized. The leading crystallization of PEO blocks then created a space that confined PODA crystallites as they are developed. The spherulites were formed first when PEO started to crystallize, but crystallites with polyhedral shape finally formed. As for the micelle behavior, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that amphiphilic block copolymers PEO-PODA with different volume fractions of hydrophobic PODA blocks ranging from 21% to 54%, were able to self-assemble in water forming spherical micelles.
