Download or read book The Constantinian Order of Saint George written by Guy Stair Sainty and published by Boletín Oficial del Estado. This book was released on 2018-12-01 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to legend the Constantinian Order is the oldest chivalric institution, founded by Emperor Constantine the Great and governed by successive Byzantine Emperors and their descendants. While this chronology was supported by multiple writers even into the twentieth century, it has little historical basis. Nonetheless, the Angeli, Farnese and Bourbon families which held the Grand Mastership could legitimately claim Byzantine imperial descent, albeit in the female line, and the Order’s cross replicates that seen by Constantine in the vision recorded by both Lactantius and Eusebius, writing very soon after Maximian’s defeat at the battle of the Milvian Bridge. The Order’s emergence in the middle of the sixteenth century, when Christian Europe was under assault from a militant Ottoman empire, gained Papal support almost immediately and by the end of the seventeenth century the Order had mem-bers across the Italian peninsular, in Spain, Bavaria, Austria and Bohemia, Croatia and Poland. Today the majority of the Order’s members are found in Italy and Spain but there are also members in Portugal, France, Belgium, Great Britain and Luxembourg, with smaller groups in the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden as well as an expanding membership in the United States. This work examines the conversion of Constantine and the histories of the Angeli, Farnese and Bourbon Grand Masterships, with extensive reference to hitherto unpub-lished documents in the Vatican archives and in the Farnese and Bourbon archives in Naples. These serve to confirm the close relationship the Order had with the Church and the high regard in which it was held by successive Popes, as well as its autonomy as a subject of canon law independent from any crown or temporal sovereignty. This unique status has enabled its hereditary Grand Masters to maintain this dignity after the absorption of the former Kingdom of the Two Sicilies into a united Italy. The Order’s autonomy, coupled with the Grand Master’s close links to the Spanish Crown, has meant that Spanish and Italian citizens (as well as the citizens of several other states which have accorded the Order recognition) may obtain official permission to wear the Order’s decorations. 2018 is the three hundredth anniversary of the Papal Bull Militantis Ecclesiae which confirmed and approved the previous Papal acts concerning the Order and laid out the rights and privileges of the Order, its Grand Masters and members. In the early 20th century Pope Saint Pius X and Benedict XV conferred further privileges on the Order, ap-proving the statutes, while the then future Pope Pius XII had been admitted to the Order in 1913. Today the Order is engaged in works of charity, in conformity with the Church’s teachings, and includes among its members some thirteen Cardinals as well as some thirty members of reign-ing or former reigning families.

Download or read book A General Catalogue of Books written by Bernard Quaritch and published by . This book was released on 1874 with total page 1912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book General catalogue of printed books written by British museum. Dept. of printed books and published by . This book was released on 1931 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book GUIDE PRINTED BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS RELATING TO ENGLISH AND FOREIGN HERALDRY AND GENEALOGY written by GEORGE GATFIELD and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

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Download or read book Catalogue of Printed Books written by and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue of Printed Books in the Library of the British Museum written by British Museum. Department of Printed Books and published by . This book was released on 1887 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Statuti capitoli et constitutioni del Ordine de cavalieri di St Stephano written by and published by . This book was released on 1565 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book British Museum Catalogue of printed Books written by and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue written by Bernard Quaritch (Firm) and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 958 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue of the Mathematical Historical and Miscellaneous Portion of the Celebrated Library of M Guglielmo Libri written by and published by . This book was released on 1861 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book University of Michigan Official Publication written by and published by UM Libraries. This book was released on 1962 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue of the Mathematical Historical Bibliographical and Miscellaneous Portion of the Library of M Guglielmo Libri which Will be Sold by Auction by Messrs S Leigh Sotheby John Wilkinson on the 18th of July 1861 Etc written by Guglielmo Bruto Icilio Timoleone Libri Carrucci Dalla Sommaia (Count.) and published by . This book was released on 1861 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue of the Mathematical Historical Bibliographical and Miscellaneous Portion of the Library of M G Libri which Will be Sold on Thursday the 25th of April and 11 Following Days Etc With an Introduction by G Libri written by Guillaume Libri and published by . This book was released on 1861 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue of the valuable collection of important manuscripts formed by dr Wellesley Which will be sold by auction by messrs Sotheby Wilkinson Hodge 3rd Aug 1866 written by and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lionardo Salviati written by Peter Melville Brown and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CATALOGUE OF WORKS ON CIVIL AND ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE GARDENING written by BERNARD QUARITCH and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: