Download or read book Static and Dynamic Fatigue of Silicate Glasses written by Charles L. Sherburne and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic and Static Fatigue of Silicate Glasses written by John E. Ritter and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic and Static Fatigue of Silicate Glasses written by John E. Ritter and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Static Fatigue of Silicate Glasses written by J. E Ritter (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Static fatigue data for fused silica, borosilicate, and soda-lime glasses in both the abraded and pristine state are presented. Static fatigue sensitivity depends markedly on the surface treatment of the glass (abraded vs. pristine) but little, if any, on glass composition. These results are analyzed in terms of the stress corrosion theory of Charles and Hillig and the atomistic, probability theory of Cox. Neither of these two theories can successfully account for the static fatigue behavior of silicate glasses. (Author).

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Download or read book Glass Static Fatigue written by Robert H. Doremus and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase separation in the sodium borosilicate system was studied, as well as reasons for immiscibility in silicate. Models for the alkali ion peak and a higher temperature peak in the internal friction in alkali silicate glasses were developed. Models for static fatigue in glass were discussed, as was the relation of static fatigue to engineering design. Crystals in glass were examined in the electron microscope to study the kinetics and mechanism of crystallization. (Author).

Download or read book Elasticity and Strength in Glasses written by D Uhlmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glass: Science and Technology, Volume 5: Elasticity and Strength in Glasses covers the scientific and engineering aspects of glass elasticity and strength. This volume is organized into six chapters and begins with the examination of the elastic properties of vitreous silica and silicate glasses, including those that contain moderate amounts of other network formers. The following chapters describe the fracture mechanics and inelastic deformation of oxide, metallic, and polymeric glasses. The discussion then shifts to the concept of glass strengthening approaches and some technologies of significant practical application to glasses. A chapter explores the process of thermal tempering of glass, including the physics, theories, and standards of the process. The last chapter focuses on the practical aspects of chemical strengthening and the mechanical and physical properties of the obtained glass. This book is of great benefit to glass scientists and researchers.

Download or read book Introduction to Glass Science and Technology written by James E Shelby and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Glass Science and Technology presents the fundamental topics in glass science and technology including glass formation, crystallisation and phase separation. A detailed discussion of glass structure models with emphasis on the oxygen balance model is also presented. Additional chapters discuss the most important properties of glasses, including physical, optical, electrical, chemical and mechanical properties, and new to this edition, water in glasses and melts. Glass technology is addressed in chapters dealing with the details of glass raw materials, melting and fining, and commercial glass production methods. This expanded second edition also includes new chapters on the compositions and properties of commercial glasses and thermal analysis of glasses and melts. Exercises are included at the end of the chapters. This introductory text is ideal for undergraduates in materials science, ceramics or inorganic chemistry. It will also be useful to the engineer or scientist seeking basic knowledge of the formation, properties and production of glass.

Download or read book Strength of Inorganic Glass written by Charles R. Kurkjian and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mechanism of Mechanical Fatigue of Silica Glass Final Technical Report July 1985 June 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective is to study the static fatigue mechanism of silica glasses such as optical communication fibers. It is shown that the strength increase by thermal or hydrothermal treatment can be explained by formation of blunt crack tips. Specimens with blunt cracks exhibited fatigue only in water and NH3. While fatigue of glasses with sharp cracks involves only crack propagation, that of glasses with blunt cracks involves both crack initiation and propagation. Nonaqueous liquids can be adsorbed on the glass surface only, thus can aid crack propagation only. Water/NH3 can exhibit both adsorption and diffusion, and the ability of water to initiate a crack appears related to its diffusion into the glass. Mechanical fatigue of pristine silica fibers takes place in water but is not expected in nonaqueous liquids. Water entry into silica glass is accelerated by applied stress. Water entry (diffusion) into silica glasses at low temperatures was found closely coupled with structural relaxation of the glass, which lowers the fictive temperature. The relaxation can be monitored by simple IR spectroscopy; IR absorbance measures the fictive temperature over the entire thickness while IR reflection measures that of the surface. By combining IR reflection peak position measurement and successive etching, the depth profile of the fictive temperature can be determined. This was done in a communication fiber and in a specimen heat treated below the glass transition temperature. Glasses with higher fictive temperatures exhibit greater fatigue resistance.

Download or read book Fractography of Glass written by R.C. Bradt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the first major reference on glass fractography, contributors to this volume offer a comprehensive account of the fracture of glass as well as various fracture surface topography. Contributors discuss optical fibers, glass containers, and flatglass fractography. In addition, papers explore fracture origins; the growth of the original flaws of defects; and macroscopic fracture patterns from which fracture patterns evolve. This volume is complete with photographs and schematics.

Download or read book Field Strength Effect on the Elastoplastic and Mechanical Properties of Single Modifier Aluminoborosilicate Glasses written by Aubrey Fry and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theoretical strength of glass far exceeds its measurable strength. The limiting factor is glass's sensitivity to surface flaws, largely due to handling. Silicate glasses are the largest commercially used glass family because they are highly versatile and can be designed with many enhanced properties. Decades worth of patents and scientific literature discuss intrinsic and extrinsic strengthening mechanisms that compensate for glass's sensitivity to surface damage, including thermal tempering, ion exchange, ceramming, lamination, etc. The focus of this dissertation is to explore the impact of modifier field strength on the mechanical response of aluminoborosilicate glasses designed to have intrinsic damage resistance. By exploring the strengthening mechanisms at the atomic level, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of how the glass composition governs physical properties and its mechanical response. Based on the principle of topological adaptability, aluminoborosilicate (ABS) glasses can be designed with intrinsically high damage resistance if they incorporate three-coordinated boron atoms. Using a careful selection of network modifying ions, they can also be amenable for chemical strengthening. This dissertation provides a comprehensive investigation of the effect of field strength (FS) on intrinsic damage resistance considering three monovalent and three divalent modifiers in ABS glasses. Various aspects of mechanical properties were analyzed as a function of network modifier (NWM) field strength and the magnitude of the applied stress. Results from this work help to (i) reevaluate assumptions regarding glass structure, (ii) improve future mechanical testing procedures, and (iii) gain insights into the cracking behavior and deformation mechanisms in silicate glasses as a function of modifier field strength and applied stress. (1) Atomic Structure: The first major discovery from this work regards the atomic structure of high strain point, mixed former glasses. For the current ABS glasses, the ratio of network formers and the low concentration of modifier oxides, in addition to high processing temperatures, increases the entropic contribution to the glass structure such that the enthalpically driven modifier and network former (NWF) interactions are frustrated. Therefore, in such systems it cannot be assumed that all Al3+ cations will be four-coordinated even if [NWM] >= [Al2O3] (concentrations denoted by square brackets). (2) Hardness and Crack Resistance: The second major discovery from this work addresses the simultaneous increase of both hardness (H) and crack resistance (CR) as a function of modifier field strength. Historically, an increase in H is presumably marked by an increase in rigidity and the probability of crack initiation. This is not the case for the current compositions, which brings the assumption of the inverse relationship between H and CR into question, specifically for glasses that might not be classified as normal. (3) Plasticity: The third discovery of this work involves the nuanced relationship between H, CR, and plasticity. Plasticity (VP) increases with modifier field strength, similar to H and CR. These findings appear counterintuitive since hardness is a measure of resistance to plastic deformation. It is found that a balance of plastic deformation mechanisms, namely, shear flow and densification, allow for an increase in H, CR, and plasticity as a function of field strength. (4) Topological Adaptability: The fourth major finding from this dissertation involves the predominant assumptions regarding topological adaptability. The topological adaptability is mainly attributed to two mechanisms: (i) the reduction in free volume under an applied stress (e.g., a decrease in bond length or angle), and (ii) structural unit conversion under an applied stress (e.g., NWF coordination changes). The first attribute is quantified by a decrease in molar volume (VM) post indentation or compression, and the second attribute is enabled by an initially high concentration of three-coordinated boron ([B3]). It is generally accepted that CR increases as topological adaptability is enhanced. The ABS glasses in this study were designed to take advantage of both mechanisms, while changing the modifier FS. Although this work did not systematically explore the impact of varying VM and [B3] on CR, it did show that CR increased as VM decreased. While this work implies that the topological adaptability can be helped or hindered based on the modifier species, future work needs to be done to systematically monitor changes in VM and CR as a function of varying [B3] in a series of related ABS glasses. (5) Poisson's Ratio: The fifth discovery from this research is that the suggested link between Poisson's ratio and cracking behavior should be reexamined. The elastic modulus increases with field strength but the Poisson's ratio did not trend with any measured property, namely, the VM and CR. Poisson's ratio has been touted as holding the key to understand cracking behavior in oxide glasses, but this is not the case for the current compositions. This misconception is likely due to the large amount of research conducted on normal (e.g., soda-lime silicate) and anomalous (e.g., pure silica) glasses which tend to ignore the intermediate glasses or mixed former glasses. (6) Elastic to Plastic Ratio: The sixth finding of this research has a direct connection to application: the mechanical performance of glass under increasing stress. The elastic-to-plastic deformation ratio (VE/VP) increases as the applied load increases. For the current compositions, a higher load results in a greater elastic response, which may help to explain static vs dynamic fatigue phenomena where a glass appears to be "stronger" when tested at higher strain rates. (7) Fracture Toughness: The seventh major discovery of this work is that the fracture toughness (KIc) of the alkaline earth glasses increases as a function of modifier field strength. Predicting fracture toughness has eluded many researchers both in ceramic and glass sciences. KIc has been related to a variety of material properties, but there is no universal predictor for how a material will perform during a fracture toughness test, especially since property trends are often found to deviate when changing the length scale of the test. From this work, results indicate that the hardness (micro-scale), crack resistance (meso-scale), fracture toughness (meso- to macro-scale), and the elastic moduli (bulk) all increase in ABS glasses with increasing FS, which has not been shown before. Additionally, the material property that had the highest linear correlation with KIc was VE/VP, indicating that a volumetric recovery study may serve as a new micro-scale test that can help predict the fracture toughness performance of ABS glasses. The goal of this dissertation is to explore the impact of glass composition on the elastoplastic response and mechanical performance of six novel single modifier aluminoborosilicate glasses. This work finds that modifier FS has a distinct role influencing mechanical properties and cracking behavior, even at modifier concentrations of around 10 mole percent. By rethinking glass chemistry accounting for these effects, properties such as hardness, crack resistance, elastic modulus, and even fracture toughness can be improved.

Download or read book Optical Fibers and Applications 1990 1994 written by Arthur Sheekey and published by Information Gatekeepers Inc. This book was released on 1997-07 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Glass Science and Technology 3rd Edition written by James E. Shelby and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introductory text is ideal for undergraduates and graduates presenting the fundamental topics in glass science and technology.

Download or read book Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics written by R. C. Bradt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These volumes constitute the Proceedings of a Symposium ort the Fracture Mechanics of Cerarnics, held at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, July 11, 12, and 13, 1973. The theme of the symposium focussed on the mechanical behavior of brittle cerarnics in terms of the characteristics of cracks. The 52 contributed papers by 87 authors, present an overview of the cur rent understanding of the theory and application of fracture mechan ics to brittle cerarnics. The prograrn chairmen gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance for the Symposium provided by the Office of Naval Re search, the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of the Pennsyl vania State University, the Materials Research Center of Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvana and Westinghouse Research Laboratories, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Special appreciation is extended to the expert organization provided by the J. Orvis Keller Conference Center of the Pennsyl vania State Conference Center of the Pennsylvania State University. In particular, Mrs. Patricia Ewing should be acknowledged for the excellent prograrn organization and planning. Dean Harold J. O'Brien, who was featured as the after-dinner speaker and who presented a most stimulating talk on the cornrnunication between people, also contrib uted to the success of the meeting. Finally, we also wish to thank our joint secretaries for the patience and help in bringing these Proceedings to press. University Park R. C. Bradt Bethlehem D. P. H. Hasseiman Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania F. F. Lange July, 1973 v CONTENTS OF VOLUME 2 Contents of Volume 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Download or read book The Properties of Optical Glass written by Hans Bach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the reviews: "The book should be acquired by all libraries with an interest in glass science and applications...the title will endure for many years as the standard work on the properties of optical glass." Optical Systems Engineering

Download or read book Handbook of Optical Fibers and Cables Second Edition written by Murata and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-06-25 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers the history of optical communications, fibres and fiber cables, and compares optical fibres with other transmission media. It also discusses optical fibre materials, reliability and manufacture, illustrates the design, construction and properties of recent cables used for optical fibre, describes fibre splicing and presents automated fibre splicing machines, and more.