Download or read book State Enterprise and Its Impact on Employment and Income Distribution written by Benedict J. Clements and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State Owned Enterprises in Middle East North Africa and Central Asia Size Costs and Challenges written by Mr. Ernesto Ramirez Rigo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-20 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the COVID-19 shock, the key challenge facing policymakers in the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia region was how to generate strong, sustainable, job-rich, inclusive growth. Post-COVID-19, this challenge has only grown given the additional reduction in fiscal space due to the crisis and the increased need to support the recovery. The sizable state-owned enterprise (SOE) footprint in the region, together with its cost to the government, call for revisiting the SOE sector to help open fiscal space and look for growth opportunities.

Download or read book Sustainable Prosperity in the New Economy written by William Lazonick and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2009 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lazonick explores the origins of the new era of employment insecurity and income inequality, and considers what governments, businesses, and individuals can do about it. He also asks whether the United States can refashion its high-tech business model to generate stable and equitable economic growth. --from publisher description.

Download or read book State Level Public Enterprises and Changing Patterns of Employment and Income Distribution written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Enterprise and Income Distribution written by V. V. Ramanadham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-11 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How amenable is public enterprise to the implementation of national distributional policies? This is the question explored here by Professor Ramanadham. Originally published in 1988, he examines the various channels through which distributional effects take place through their operations, and draws attention to the implicit conflicts of interest among consumers, workers, and tax payers. He focuses on the problems associated with the use of public enterprises as instruments of distributional goals and examines the question of whether direct budgetary measures on the part of government would be preferable. There are detailed analyses of the distributional implications of wage incomes, prices, and surpluses in the public enterprise sector. Finally, the author comments from the distributional angle on the results of privatization. Here is a detailed study of the way in which public enterprise may be employed as an instrument of redistribution of income and wealth, also of the extent to which this is feasible.

Download or read book Jobs Earnings and Employment Growth Policies in the United States written by John D. Kasarda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John D. Kasarda By all accounts, the United States has led the world in job creation. During the past 20 years, its economy added nearly 40 million jobs while the combined European Economic Community added none. Since 1983 alone, the U. S. gener ated more than 15 million jobs and its unemployment rate dropped from 7. 5 percent to approximately 5 percent while the unemployment rate in much of western Europe climbed to double digits. Even Japan's job creation record pales in comparison to the United States'. with its annual employment growth rate less than half that of the United States over the past 15 years (0. 8 percent vs. 2 percent. ) Yet, as the U. S. economy has been churning out millions of jobs annually, con flicting views and heated debates have emerged regarding the quality of these new jobs and its implications for standards of living and U. S. economic competi tiveness. Many argue that the "great American job machine" is a "mirage" or "grand illusion. " Rather than adding productive, secure, well-paying jobs, most new employment, critics contend, consists of poverty level, dead-end, service sector jobs that contribute little or nothing to the nation's productivity and inter national competitiveness. Much of the blame is placed on Reagan-Bush policies that critics say undermine labor unions, encourage wasteful corporate restructur ing, foster exploitative labor practices, and reduce fiscal support for education and needed social services.

Download or read book Research on Normalizing Income Distribution Order in China written by Canming Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-27 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book China s State owned Enterprises written by Hong Sheng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nature, the Performance, and the Reform of State-owned Enterprises provides a detailed description of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China with respect to both efficiency and income distribution. It shows that state ownership in the form of SOEs does not use resources efficiently and has a poor record in income distribution. Moreover, SOEs are found to enjoy unfair advantages in their competition with other firms. To illustrate the point, the book presents data revealing how favored policies, monopolistic powers, and subsidies benefit SOEs. These advantages are worth several trillion yuans a year. It is a sad irony that such wealth of the people is used to beef up the revenues of the SOEs, making their accounts look much better than they should be.This book, with its rich empirical data and information, is an authoritative reference for researchers interested in SOEs. It is also a good read for students of social sciences and the public to learn more about SOEs.

Download or read book The Impact of Enterprise Zones on Employment written by Terry Van Allen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first national study (Part One) ever to investigate the effect of Enterprise Zones on the employment of residents, and the first local study (Part Two) ever to investigate the number of jobs created per zone residents and business. Terry Van Allen's analyses draw some important, and surprising, conclusions from the data derived from the 1989 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development national survey of 60 EZs and their surrounding communities in 14 states. Providing a thorough historical background covering state and federal programs in Great Britain as well as in the United States, and an overview of the literature and economic theories on employment, Terry Van Allen's study offers major insights on the implication of Enterprise Zones policy as well as crucial policy recommendations for greater efficiency and success.

Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 2023 2nd International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities and Arts SSHA 2023 written by Mohd Fauzi bin Sedon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-29 with total page 1398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. With the progress of social civilization, social science and its research are becoming more and more important. Theoretically and practically, the study of social phenomena and social problems and the development of prosperous social sciences are the eternal themes of human beings. At present, social science research and its results can hardly meet the needs of social development, especially the unscientific evaluation of social science results, which has aroused great concern from all walks of life, and has produced dirt and questions on social science, thus affecting the proper development of social science. Max Weber once said that "the most important function of social science in modern times is to keep people "clear-headed" and to resist the delusions of "prophetic legislators". " Humanities and arts are the process of perceiving, realizing, thinking, manipulating, and expressing objective or subjective objects through capturing and excavating, feeling and analyzing, integrating and applying, or displaying the stage results in the form obtained through feeling (seeing, hearing, smelling, touching). The social sciences and humanities and arts contain content that will directly affect our lives and the way society functions. And by reacting to today's increasingly intricate problems and situations through systematic and professional discussions, they will further contribute to the improvement of institutions and the development of society. By thinking about issues and looking at problems and the world from different perspectives by putting the two together, it may be possible to have more comprehensive, appropriate, and better responses; for example, the development of laws requires a deeper understanding of the environment in which they are implemented; international trade requires a certain understanding of the customs of different countries; and the development of tax and economic policies requires a certain understanding of the population, consumer demand, etc.

Download or read book Work Income and Inequality written by Frances Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph (essays) on the impact of payment systems on employment, income distribution and poverty in developing countries - examines land tenure in Iran, Islamic Republic, economic growth in the Philippines and Taiwan, China, public enterprise in Bangladesh, structural change and rural cooperatives in Peru, cooperative farming in Israel, rural development, collective farming in the USSR, etc., and discusses the influence of choice of technology and population growth as well as of the urban area informal sector. Diagrams, graphs and references.

Download or read book State Holding Companies and Public Enterprises in Transition written by Anjali Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: '...very valuable for both policy-makers and researchers...' Professor Athar Hussain, Director, Development Economics Research Programme, STICERD, The London School of Economics and Political Science 'The really novel idea is to bring together the experience of three rather diverse countries and then to discuss Eastern Europe in the light of this experience. State holding companies are likely to play a major role in Eastern Europe over the next ten years or more but very little has been written on them and few of the people advising the East Europeans have any real knowledge about them.' Professor Robert Rowthorn, University of Cambridge '...rich and substantial...' Professor John Toye, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex '...most informative...The conclusions are appropriately restrained, well-balanced and wise...The emphasis on the differences between portfolio management and enterprise management is a distinction that East Europe will eventually have to learn.' Raymond Vernon, Emeritus Professor, John F.Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University Large and poorly performing state-owned enterprises pose a problem for countries attempting to move away from government controls towards more liberal economic environments. Privatization is an unproven solution which is proving difficult to implement on a major scale. Intermediate solutions may therefore prove to be the way forward. This book focuses on one of these: the state holding company. It first discusses the state holding company as a managerial form, which permits decentralised public enterprise management, and offers a framework for its analysis. Then, drawing upon the experience of both developed and developing countries, it examines the extent to which the indirect state ownership of public enterprises through holding companies can contribute to transition processes. It shows that the experience of countries like Italy, Egypt and Algeria has direct relevance for institutional structures evolving in the newly transforming countries of Eastern Europe, which are struggling to find a balance between public enterprise ownership and efficiency.

Download or read book Reality Check written by John R. Nellis and published by CGD Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive set of country-specific studies on the effects of privatization on people--winners and losers in different income, employment, and education groups. The studies analyze the changes in public tax revenue from privatized enterprises, shifts in pension and other liabilities, and changes in income of different groups.

Download or read book Globalization and Poverty written by Ann Harrison and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.

Download or read book Growth With Inequality An International Comparison On Income Distribution written by Jinjun Xue and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the era of globalization and liberalization, the world is enjoying high growth as well as suffering from the ill-effects of unequal distribution of its economic outcomes. The activities of anti-government demonstrations in China and across the world via the Occupy Wall Street Movement highlight that inequality has become an international phenomenon. It is apparent in both poor countries under authoritarianism and rich countries governed by a democratic regime. Thus, inequality has become not only a hurdle to development but also a threat to social and political stability. The spread of the Jasmine Revolution across parts of North Africa and the Arab Spring are illustrative of what can happen under certain circumstances.This book confirms the inconsistencies between high growth and increasing inequality via a series of case studies across 11 countries, numerous regions, and OECD members. Many of the case studies draw upon original household surveys. Our findings indicate the seriousness of income inequality, explore factors that have caused the inequality and analyze their economic and social consequences.The book raises, and deals with, three key questions: (1) Can high growth reduce inequality gradually? (2) Can government intervention be effective in equalizing income distribution? (3) Is the income disparity an engine for, or an obstacle of, high growth?

Download or read book Forty Years of Renovating the Income Distribution in China written by Heng Quan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-15 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on an attractive theoretical subject as well as a practical issue, which analyses the inner relationship of economic growth and income distribution in China. During the forty years of China’s reform and opening up many influential changes occurred in the structure of the national income distribution, the mechanism of income distribution, and the policies of distributing income with the high-speed development of China. From historical and regional analysis, this book collects a good deal of data and objectively summarizes the practice and experience of renovation of income distribution in China. Based upon the summary and conclusion above, the book paraphrases and creates a conceptual mechanism, a basic theory, and a basic methodology of socialism with Chinese characteristics and discovers the internal rules of the changing relationship between high-speed economic development and income distribution in China to guide and facilitate the further improvement and innovative development of income distribution in China. Furthermore, the book enriches the political economy theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the aspect of practical experience, as well as theory.