Download or read book State Approaches to National Integration in Georgia Two Perspectives written by Ekaterine Metreveli and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State Approaches to National Integration in Georgia written by Niklas Nilsson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Georgian government's handling of minority affairs is important in several respects. First, it is an important area in Georgia's integration with European institutions; indeed, Georgia is a signatory to numerous treaties that require it to reform its legislation concerning national minority issues. More broadly, however, it is an important element in the building of a democratic and peaceful state. Given Georgia's problems with externally inspired secessionism, the government's relationship with minorities within territory controlled by Tbilisi can play an important role not only in framing Georgia's future, but also in determining its attractiveness to those minorities whose leaderships have chosen to part ways with Tbilisi. Since the Rose Revolution of 2004, Georgia has been changing rapidly; and some of this change - even while aiming at the fuller integration of minority populations with the rest of Georgia in economic, social, and political terms - has caused frictions with minority populations, adding further importance to the government's handling of the question of national minorities. This report aspires to provide two perspectives on Georgia's process of national integration, with a focus on minority issues. The first contribution, "State Building Dilemmas: The Process of National Integration in Post-Revolutionary Georgia" seeks to identify contemporary problems and tradeoffs associated with Georgia's state-building process, with implications for the state's handling of national integration and minority issues. It is written by two of the Joint Center's researchers with particular expertise on Georgian affairs, Niklas Nilsson and Johanna Popjanevski. They conclude that while the Georgian leadership is increasingly adopting a citizenship based approach to minority integration, certain priorities in the state-building process risk impeding the introduction of sufficient safeguards for minority rights. Incoherencies and communication deficits in Georgia's approaches to minority integration add to tensions between majority and minorities, as well as between center and region. It is therefore essential that Georgia develops ways to accommodate its visions of national unity with the implementation of international minority rights, and that this process takes place in constant dialogue with minority populations. The second contribution, "The Georgian State and Minority Integration: Progress Made and Progress Still to Come," is a needs assessment study based on the work of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies (GFSIS) on the topic of ethnic minority integration in the Georgian state over a four-year period (2003-07). It is written by Ekaterine Metreveli and Temuri Yakobashvili. The paper concludes that while the Georgian government has been making demonstrated efforts at promoting the national integration of ethnic minorities, the activities have been limited in their scope and application to only sporadic interventions with the overall process still lacking the necessary mechanisms for achieving successful results. The study shows that a more proactive approach from the side of Tbilisi from whence governmental policies will not only be viewed through an ethnic lens will contribute more directly to the desired end.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Quota System in Georgia written by Shalva Tabatadze and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is the report on research which was undertaken by the Center of Civil Integration and Inter-Ethnic Relations and financed by the United Nations Association in Georgia within the project "Advanced National Integration" funded by United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The research aimed at the evaluation of the affirmative action policy towards the ethnic minorities in Georgia.The first chapter of the document reviews the ongoing affirmative action policy in admission system of higher education of Georgia.The second chapter describes the research methodology. The third chapter overviews the process of recruitment of the entrants as well as the level of awareness of local population on affirmative action policy. The fourth chapter reviews an effectiveness of the affirmative action policy in the context of equal access to higher education for ethnic minorities. The fifth chapter evaluates the effectiveness of one year Georgian language program in terms of students' preparation for undergraduate studies and effective preparation for a student's life. The sixth chapter describes the planning, implementation processes and instructional practices at the Georgian language program and how effective there are to provide students with proper learning environment. The seventh chapter is concentrated on the specific challenges and problems of the affirmative action policy. And the final, eighth chapter of the document sets up the recommendations for improvement of affirmative action policy effectiveness. [This research was conducted and the report was prepared in the frame of the project "Assessment of Quota System in Georgia" by the Centre for Civil Integration and Inter-Ethnic Relations (CCIIR). The project is developed as a part of the Advancing National Integration in Georgia Project (ANI) funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by the United Nations Association of Georgia (UNAG).].
Download or read book Boundaries and Belonging in the Greek Community of Georgia written by Concha Maria Höfler and published by Nomos Verlag. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mit "türkischem" Urum, pontischem "Griechisch" und orthodox-christlichem Glauben unterläuft Georgiens griechische Minderheit gängige Erwartungen an das Verhältnis von Sprache und (nationaler) Identität. In Georgien als griechisch anerkannt, in Griechenland jedoch nicht unbedingt, bewegen sie sich in einem spannungsreichen Geflecht sozialer Konstellationen und (un)möglicher Zugehörigkeiten, geprägt von Spuren der sowjetischen Vergangenheit. In einer sorgfältigen ethnografisch informierten Konversationsanalyse untersucht die Autorin die Aushandlung komplexer sozialer Grenzen, Zugehörigkeiten und Positionierungen im Gespräch. Grenzziehungen und -auflösungen erweisen sich dabei als dynamische und kontextabhängige Prozesse.
Download or read book The Making of Modern Georgia 1918 2012 written by Stephen F. Jones and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When most of Eastern Europe was struggling with dictatorships of one kind or another, the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921) established a constitution, a parliamentary system with national elections, an active opposition, and a free press. Like the Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1918, its successors emerged after 1991 from a bankrupt empire, and faced, yet again, the task of establishing a new economic, political and social system from scratch. In both 1918 and 1991, Georgia was confronted with a hostile Russia and followed a pro-Western and pro-democratic course. The top regional experts in this book explore the domestic and external parallels between the Georgian post-colonial governments of the early twentieth and twenty-first centuries. How did the inexperienced Georgian leaders in both eras deal with the challenge of secessionism, what were their state building strategies, and what did democracy mean to them? What did their electoral systems look like, why were their economic strategies so different, and how did they negotiate with the international community neighbouring threats. These are the central challenges of transitional governments around the world today. Georgia’s experience over one hundred years suggests that both history and contemporary political analysis offer the best (and most interesting) explanation of the often ambivalent outcomes.
Download or read book An Education in Georgia written by Calvin Trillin and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 1964 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In January 1961, following eighteen months of litigation that culminated in a federal court order, Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter became the first black students to enter the University of Georgia. Calvin Trillin, then a reporter for Time Magazine, attended the court fight that led to the admission of Holmes and Hunter and covered their first week at the university--a week that began in relative calm, moved on to a riot and the suspension of the two students "for their own safety," and ended with both returning to the campus under a new court order. Shortly before their graduation in 1963, Trillin came back to Georgia to determine what their college lives had been like. He interviewed not only Holmes and Hunter but also their families, friends, and fellow students, professors, and university administrators. The result was this book--a sharply detailed portrait of how these two young people faced coldness, hostility, and occasional understanding on a southern campus in the midst of a great social change.
Download or read book Georgia written by Cory Welt and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Georgia is one of the United States' closest partners among the states that gained their independence after the USSR collapsed in 1991. With a history of strong economic aid and security cooperation, the United States has deepened its strategic partnership with Georgia since Russia's 2008 invasion of Georgia and 2014 invasion of Ukraine. U.S. policy expressly supports Georgia's sovereignty and territorial integrity within its internationally recognized borders, and Georgia is a leading recipient of U.S. aid to Europe and Eurasia. Many observers consider Georgia to be one of the most democratic states in the post-Soviet region, even as the country faces ongoing governance challenges. The center-left Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia party (GD) holds a dominant political position, with about 70% of seats in parliament. Although Georgia faces high rates of poverty and underemployment, its economy has performed better since 2017 than it did in the previous four years.
Download or read book The Race between Education and Technology written by Claudia Goldin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.
Download or read book Georgia s Foreign Policy in the 21st Century written by Tracey German and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The South Caucasus is the key strategic region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea and the regional powers of Iran, Turkey and Russia and is the land bridge between Asia and Europe with vital hydrocarbon routes to international markets. This volume examines the resulting geopolitical positioning of Georgia, a pivotal state and lynchpin of the region, illustrating how and why Georgia's foreign policy is 'multi-vectored', facing potential challenges from Russia, int ernal and external nationalisms, the possible break-up of the European project and EU support and uncertainty over the US commitment to the traditional liberal international order.
Download or read book Cornerstones of Georgia History written by Thomas A. Scott and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of fifty-nine primary documents presents multiple viewpoints on more than four centuries of growth, conflict, and change in Georgia. The selections range from a captive's account of a 1597 Indian revolt against Spanish missionaries on the Georgia coast to an impassioned debate in 1992 between county commissioners and environmental activists over a proposed hazardous waste facility in Taylor County. Drawn from such sources as government records, newspapers, oral histories, personal diaries, and letters, the documents give a voice to the concerns and experiences of men and women representing the diverse races, ethnic groups, and classes that, over time, have contributed to the state's history. Cornerstones of Georgia History is especially suited for classroom use, but it provides any concerned citizen of the state with a historical basis on which to form relevant and independent opinions about Georgia's present-day challenges.
Download or read book Alien Rule written by Michael Hechter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that alien rule can become legitimate to the degree that it provides governance that is both effective and fair. Governance is effective to the degree that citizens have access to an expanding economy and an ample supply of culturally appropriate collective goods. Governance is fair to the degree that rulers act according to the strictures of procedural justice. These twin conditions help account for the legitimation of alien rulers in organizations of markedly different scale. The book applies these principles to the legitimation of alien rulers in states (the Republic of Genoa, nineteenth- and twentieth-century China, and modern Iraq), colonies (Taiwan and Korea under Japanese rule), and occupation regimes, as well as in less encompassing organizations such as universities (academic receivership), corporations (mergers and acquisitions), and stepfamilies. Finally, it speculates about the possibility of an international market in governance services.
Download or read book Georgian Foreign Policy written by Korneli Kakačʻia and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Georgia written by Bloomsbury Publishing and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Georgia emerged from the fall of the Soviet empire in 1991 with the promise of swift economic and democratic reform. But that promise remains unfulfilled. Economic collapse, secessionist challenges, civil war and the failure to escape the legacy of Soviet rule - culminating in the 2008 war with Russia - made the transition to democratic institutions and consolidated statehood a difficult struggle that has lasted over two decades. In 1991, fifteen new states emerged from the disintegrating Soviet Union. To Western observers, Georgia was one of the most promising republics for achieving swift economic and democratic reform. Instead, the country descended into civil war and a period of populist authoritarianism. Within a year of its declaration of independence, Georgia was a 'failed state' on the verge of dissolution. Former Soviet foreign minister, Eduard Shevardnadze, returned as the president of the newly independent state in order to restore and rebuild, but over the next decade the country slipped into a period of political stagnation and corruption. Enraged by the country's decline, a group of rebellious young politicians, subsequently dubbed the 'Rose Revolutionaries', ousted Shevardnadze in 2003, promising clean government, democracy and effective institutions. However, the Georgian opposition claims that, in seven years of power, the Rose Revolutionaries have failed to deliver their domestic promises. Jones' examination of more than two decades of Georgian political struggle for independence and democracy is a chronicle and analysis of the hopes and disappointments of Georgia's aspiring democracy builders. Focusing on the domestic challenges to democracy and state-building faced by an impoverished and complex multinational state, his book examines the workings of government, popular interaction with the state, and the emergence of new social groups. As the war with Russia in August 2008 merely highlighted Georgia's continuing vulnerability to external forces and geopolitical rivalries, Jones also examines the events of the war and its implications for international law and Russia's relations with Europe and the US. An authoritative and commanding exploration of Georgia since independence, Stephen Jones' critical analysis of Georgia's political and economic development is essential for those interested in the post-Soviet world.
Download or read book Regulatory and Procedural Barriers to Trade in Georgia written by Hana Daoudi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2010, the ECE has been undertaking demand-driven national studies of regulatory and procedural barriers to trade, with a view to: helping countries achieve greater regional and global economic integration; informing donors as to where assistance might be required; and supporting policy discussions within the Steering Committee on Trade Capacity and Standards (previously, the Committee on Trade) and its subsidiary bodies on where additional work is required. This study summarizes the key findings of the seventh study, which focuses on Georgia. It was prepared by the ECE secretariat in close consultation with public and private sector stakeholders. The study integrates the outcome of the stakeholder meeting, which was organized in Tbilisi, Georgia on 23 April 2018 by the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development to discuss the initial results and recommendations.
Download or read book The Georgia State Constitution written by Melvin B. Hill and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Georgia State Constitution, Melvin Hill Jr. offers a detailed description of the creation and development of Georgia's constitution. He explains how political and cultural events, from colonial times, through the Civil War, to the present, have affected Georgia's constitutional law. Accompanying the full text of the constitution is Hill's rich commentary of the constitutional provisions. He traces their origins and interpretation by the courts and other governmental bodies. This volume also provides a bibliographical essay which features the most important sources of Georgia's constitutional history and constitutional law. Previously published by Greenwood, this title has been brought back in to circulation by Oxford University Press with new verve. Re-printed with standardization of content organization in order to facilitate research across the series, this title, as with all titles in the series, is set to join the dynamic revision cycle of The Oxford Commentaries on the State Constitutions of the United States. The Oxford Commentaries on the State Constitutions of the United States is an important series that reflects a renewed international interest in constitutional history and provides expert insight into each of the 50 state constitutions. Each volume in this innovative series contains a historical overview of the state's constitutional development, a section-by-section analysis of its current constitution, and a comprehensive guide to further research. Under the expert editorship of Professor G. Alan Tarr, Director of the Center on State Constitutional Studies at Rutgers University, this series provides essential reference tools for understanding state constitutional law. Books in the series can be purchased individually or as part of a complete set, giving readers unmatched access to these important political documents.
Download or read book Georgia s Rose Revolution written by Giorgi Kandelaki and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Class of 65 written by Jim Auchmutey and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the midst of racial strife, one young man showed courage and empathy. It took forty years for the others to join him Being a student at Americus High School was the worst experience of Greg Wittkamper's life. Greg came from a nearby Christian commune, Koinonia, whose members devoutly and publicly supported racial equality. When he refused to insult and attack his school's first black students in 1964, Greg was mistreated as badly as they were: harassed and bullied and beaten. In the summer after his senior year, as racial strife in Americus -- and the nation -- reached its peak, Greg left Georgia. Forty-one years later, a dozen former classmates wrote letters to Greg, asking his forgiveness and inviting him to return for a class reunion. Their words opened a vein of painful memory and unresolved emotion, and set him on a journey that would prove healing and saddening. The Class of '65 is more than a heartbreaking story from the segregated South. It is also about four of Greg's classmates -- David Morgan, Joseph Logan, Deanie Dudley, and Celia Harvey -- who came to reconsider the attitudes they grew up with. How did they change? Why, half a lifetime later, did reaching out to the most despised boy in school matter to them? This noble book reminds us that while ordinary people may acquiesce to oppression, we all have the capacity to alter our outlook and redeem ourselves.
