Download or read book State and Administration in Japan and Germany written by Michio Muramatsu and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-02-06 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Axis in Defeat written by United States. Department of State and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Parliamentary Systems of Japan and Germany A Comparison written by Andrea Becker and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-07-15 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2000 in the subject Politics - Region: Far East, grade: 1,0 (A), University of Wyoming (Department of Political Science), course: Government and Politics of Asia, language: English, abstract: This paper wants to compare the parliamentary systems of Japan and Germany, especially the structure of the governments, the Diet, and the Bundestag. In our paper we will answer the following questions: Why can both countries be compared? What historical prerequisites led to the recent political systems? How do the respective parts of parliaments and governmental institutions work together? Therefore, we want to concentrate on the question, where there are similarities in the political procedures and where these ones differ? Several reasons make both countries comparable. In this regard, our first item gives an overview over 130 years of a Japanese-German relationship, in which many parallel historical developments and treaties occurred. A description of the constitutional developments (item 3) shows that the Japanese Constitution of 1890 adopted general provisions (especially provisions for the emperor and the parliament) from the German Constitution of 1871. In addition, both postwar Constitutions were strongly influenced by the United States’ occupation politics, which established a parliamentary democracy in both countries. All of these are necessary fundamentals to show that both systems can be compared because of these several similar, historical, and political developments. Our fourth item compares the parliamentary systems today. Within the concluding remarks we will point out the differences and the similarities, both systems share or rather divide from each other. Japan and Germany can look back upon 130 years of a more or less deep relationship. Sure, there are some differences within this old official Japanese-German relationship, and there are parallels with other states. But despite of all possible relativity, the degree of the Japanese-German similarity is succinct, and it is possible to discover parallels between certain historical developments in Japan and developments in Germany. The official relations began on January, 24th 1861 when the Prussian East Asian Delegation under the Duke Friedrich zu Eulenburg and the Japanese Shōgunat completed the “Freundschafts-, Handels-, und Schiffahrtsvertrag” (Friendship, Trade-, and Navigation-Treaty). [...]
Download or read book To Improve the Relations of the United States with Western Germany and Japan written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers resolutions to reaffirm friendship and further mutual cooperation with West Germany and Japan and to provide for payments to German and Japanese nationals for property taken from them by U.S. Government since 1941.
Download or read book Japan and Germany in the Modern World written by Bernd Martin and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 1995-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In ten articles written and mostly published between 1977 and 1994, Martin (modern history, U. of Freiburg) explains that the similarities between Japan and Germany go back nearly to the foundation of the two national states, in 1869 and 1871 respectively. He documents how after trying several other approaches, the Japanese adopted the Prusso-German model of modernization, and restructured the constitution, government administration, the legal and education systems, the army, and finally the social system. They both recovered from the depression of the 1930s by armament production and supra- nationalist ideology, and were then natural allies by the time World War II began. He traces their continuing parallel development through the postwar era to the present. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book German Business Management written by Toshio Yamazaki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are German capitalism and German business management to be understood from the perspective of Japan? Both Germany and Japan as defeated nations in World War II received significant American leadership and support after the war. Both countries developed their enterprises, industries, and economy by deploying and adapting technology and management methods from the United States while establishing systems of industrial concentration in their own ways. By these means, both nations became major trading countries. However, current economic and business conditions differ greatly between Germany and Japan. In trade, American influence on Japanese business is still strong. Japan could not and cannot establish a complementary relationship with American industrial sectors and their products in the American market. In addition, a common market structure like the E.U. does not exist in Asia. In contrast to Japan, Germany developed independently from the American influence and became part of a well-integrated regional economy. What were the driving forces that created those differences? That question is approached from a Japanese point of view in this book, based on the assumption that the origins of distinct characteristics of German business management after World War II were developed in the 1950s and ’60s. The book analyzes the transformation of business management in Germany and explains the characteristics and structures of German management. The author describes how the development of German companies determined the current German condition— “the Europeanization of Germany”—while the world faced the globalization process. Demonstrating the basic foundation of European integration by analyzing market factors in Europe as well as the internal structural transformation of management in Germany, this book is a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, educators, and researchers in the fields of business management, business history, and economic history.
Download or read book Japan and Germany under the U S Occupation written by Masako Shibata and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2005-09-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the post war reconstruction of the education systems in Japan and Germany under U.S. military occupation after World War II, this book offers a comparative historical investigation of education reform policies in these two war ravaged and ideologically compromised countries. While in Japan large-scale reforms were undertaken swiftly after the end of the war, the U.S. zone in Germany maintained most of the traditional aspects of the German education system. Why did Japan so readily accept ideas and values developed in the allied countries while Germany resisted? Masako Shibata explores this question, arguing that the role of the university and the pattern of elite formation, which can be traced back to the period of the formation of Meiji Japan and the Kaiserreich, created the conditions for differing reactions from educational leaders in each country; this had a decisive impact on the proposed reforms. By examining these reactions through a sociological, cultural, and historical frame, an explanation emerges. Japan and Germany under the U.S. Occupation will prove to be a valuable resource both to scholars of history and education reform.
Download or read book Local Politics and National Policy written by Ken Victor Leonard Hijino and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about why and how central and local governments clash over important national policy decisions. Its empirical focus is on the local politics of Japan which has significantly shaped, and been shaped by, larger developments in national politics. The book argues that since the 1990s, changes in the national political arena, fiscal and administrative decentralization, as well as broader socio-economic developments have led to a decoupling of once closely integrated national and local party systems in Japan. Such decoupling has led to a breakdown of symbiotic relations between the centre and regions. In its place are increasing strains between national and local governments leading to greater intra-party conflict, inter-governmental conflicts, and more chief executives with agendas and resources increasingly autonomous of the national ruling party. Although being a book primarily focused on the Japanese case, the study seeks to contribute to a broader understanding of how local partisans shape national policy-making. The book theorizes and investigates how the degree of state centralization, vertical integration for party organizations, and partisan congruence in different levels of government affect inter-governmental relations. Japan’s experience is compared with Germany, Canada, and the UK to explore sources of multi-level policy conflict. Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Download or read book Public Administration in Germany written by Sabine Kuhlmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents a topical, comprehensive and differentiated analysis of Germany’s public administration and reforms. It provides an overview on key elements of German public administration at the federal, Länder and local levels of government as well as on current reform activities of the public sector. It examines the key institutional features of German public administration; the changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; the administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system and numerous sectors; and new challenges and modernization approaches like digitalization, Open Government and Better Regulation. Each chapter offers a combination of descriptive information and problem-oriented analysis, presenting key topical issues in Germany which are relevant to an international readership.
Download or read book Bureaucracy in the Modern State written by Jon Pierre and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public administration is under increasing pressure to become more efficient, better geared to the demands and opinions of citizens, more open to contacts with transnational bureaucracies, and more responsive to the ideas of elected policy makers
Download or read book Environmental Politics in Japan Germany and the United States written by Miranda A. Schreurs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-13 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A decade of climate change negotiations almost ended in failure because of the different policy approaches of the industrialized states. Japan, Germany, and the United States exemplify the deep divisions that exist among states in their approaches to environmental protection. Germany is following what could be called the green social welfare state approach to environmental protection, which is increasingly guided by what is known as the precautionary principle. In contrast, the US is increasingly leaning away from the use of environmental regulations, towards the use of market-based mechanisms to control pollution and cost-benefit analysis to determine when environmental protection should take precedence over economic activities. Internal political divisions mean that Japan sits uneasily between these two approaches. Miranda A. Schreurs uses a variety of case studies to explore why these different policy approaches emerged and what their implications are, examining the differing ideas, actors, and institutions in each state.
Download or read book International Monetary Cooperation Among the United States Japan and Germany written by Keisuke Iida and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Monetary Cooperation among the United States, Japan, and Germany offers a first - and overdue - book- length study of counterproductive cooperation. It takes to task the critical importance of conducting systematic theory-guided empirical research to examine the validity of arguments that international monetary cooperation could be highly counterproductive. This book combines various methods - formal, quantitative, and qualitative - to study the theories of counterproductive monetary cooperation by focusing on the cooperative episodes among the major industrial countries - the United States, Japan, and Germany. For the first time, this book presents all theories of counterproductive cooperation in one place, subjects them to systematic, empirical scrutiny in the light of the experience of G-3 (U.S., Germany, and Japanese) cooperation since the 1970s, and suggests policy recommendations in the light of the findings.
Download or read book Russia s War written by Richard Overy and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1998-08-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A penetrating and compassionate book on the most gigantic military struggle in world history."--The New York Times Book Review "An extraordinary tale... Overy's engrossing book provides extensive details of teh slaughter, brutality, bitterness and destruction on the massive front from the White Sea to the flank of Asia."--Chicago Tribune The Russian war effort to defeat invading Axis powers, an effort that assembled the largest military force in recorded history and that cost the lives of more than 25 million Soviet soldiers and civilians, was the decisive factor for securing an Allied victory. Now with access to the wealth of film archives and interview material from Russia used to produce the ten-hour television documentary Russia's War, Richard Overy tackles the many persuasive questions surrounding this conflict. Was Stalin a military genius? Was the defense of Mother Russia a product of something greater than numbers of tanks and planes--of something deep within the Russian soul?
Download or read book Currencies and Politics in the United States Germany and Japan written by C. Randall Henning and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 1994 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currencies and Politics is the first comprehensive, in-depth comparison of the institutions and processes that formulate domestic and external monetary policy in the U.S., Germany, and Japan. It outlines the differences in policymaking among the three countries and the policy patterns they produced over the postwar period.
Download or read book The Commercial Financial Chronicle written by and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 1196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book To Improve the Relations of the U S with Western Germany and Japan written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Japan s National Security written by Peter J. Katzenstein and published by Cornell East Asia Series. This book was released on 1993 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan's National Security offers a detailed examination of Japan's distinctive security policy. It traces in considerable detail the evolution of Japan's approach to the economic, political and military dimensions of national structures of government as well as a particular set of relations between state and society. One of the noteworthy aspects of this book is its detailed attention to the transnational links between the Japanese and the American militaries. The book accords a special place of the interaction between the legal and social norms that have affected Japanese conceptions of national security since 1945. Japan's National Security offers an important, meticulously researched, and up-to-date perspective on the role that Japan is likely to play after the Cold War. Together with Defending the Japanese State, these two monographs analyze the structures and norms that are shaping Japan's policy on internal and national security. The specific focus is on governmental, state-society and transnational structures as well as the social and legal norms that affect the policies of Japan's police and self-defense forces.
