Download or read book Standard Environment in Sri Lankan Tea Trade written by Indira Wickramasinghe and published by 35840. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Standard Environment in Sri Lankan Tea Trade attempt to discuss basics of most of the tea industry related various standards specially applied in Sri Lanka since country is the pioneering state for orthodox black tea. The world renowned brand of Ceylon Tea is undergoing through a huge competition from the various manufacturers. Nonetheless, local manufacturers becoming short sighted in recent years where many organizations try to expand the profitability while reducing the costs incurred. Hence, many organizations reduce quality or safety standards and many people misunderstood that quality or safety of the product should pay extra premium or they do not willing to practice it. Thus, Standard Environment in Sri Lankan Tea Trade provides information on the tea sector as well as food safety and quality assurance while allowing the reader to understand and use gain knowledge to use building such systems. The book can also be used together with ISO 22000:2018 generic model while attempting to develop food safety systems for tea industry.
Download or read book Environmental and Social Standards Certification and Labelling for Cash Crops written by Cora Dankers and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workplace safety and environmental sustainability can be promoted by agreed standards, certification and labelling. This publication contains 22 case studies on the impact of standards and certification programmes for cash crops in developing countries, including organic agriculture, fair-trade labelling, "Social Accountability 8000", the Rainforest Alliance Sustainable Agriculture Programme, the Ethical Trading Initiative, ISO-14001 and EurepGap. It examines the origins, scope and certification systems of these initiatives, as well as stakeholder involvement, the standard-setting process, verification methods, the relationship with the World Trade Organization agreements and the potential role of governments.
Download or read book Food Standards and Governance in the Tea Industry in Sri Lanka written by Janaka Yasovarma Wijayasiri and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the implications of food standards required by international buyers and markets for exporters, manufacturers and producers and governance in the tea value chain in Sri Lanka. Currently Sri Lanka is one of the world's largest tea producers and exporters, but the industry is increasingly subject to stringent product standards, process standards, multiple private standards, and standards covering social and environmental issues. The study explores governance in the chain, stakeholders' perception of food standards, their response to emerging standards and the impact of these on governance. It adopts a qualitative case study. It involved interviews with 45 key informants in the tea industry. In addition, documentary analysis and direct observations were utilised to triangulate the data collected and analysed. The study reveals the following key findings. First, the Sri Lankan tea value chain is complex, consisting of a number of stakeholders (smallholders, collectors, regional plantation companies, private factories, brokers, and exporters) who undertake various tasks (cultivation, collection, manufacturing, marketing, and exporting) and add value to the product as it moves along the chain. While the overall chain can be best described as buyer-driven, different parts of it (cultivation, manufacturing, marketing and exporting) are governed in distinct ways (market, relational, captive and hierarchical). Second, the tea value chain is increasingly governed by a number of public and private standards that cover not only the product but also the production process. These standards are set and monitored locally and internationally by governments and private businesses and organisations. Compliance with public mandatory standards is high, because they are required by regulation, whereas compliance varies in the case of public and private voluntary standards and depends on end-consumers and markets. Compliance has brought a number of benefits to stakeholders (efficiency, discipline, reduction in wastage, market access and product and process assurance), despite the costs (capital costs, consultant fees and training costs, new staff and additional time, and input costs). Most stakeholders perceived benefits to outweigh their costs. Third, the industry complied with emerging standards rather than adopting a strategy of voice or exit; most stakeholders saw the benefit of compliance and fell into line. The industry complied both proactively and reactively - proactively in the case of voluntary standards, but reactively in response to mandatory standards. The industry rarely adopted a strategy of voice or exit. Fourth, complying with standards has neither altered the governance relationships between exporters and their international buyers nor those between exporters and the manufacturers. However, the linkages between manufacturers and smallholders further up in the value chain appear to have become closer and tighter subsequent to the introduction of food standards; it was observed that factories are increasingly assisting and monitoring smallholders. Given the growing importance of standards in global value chains, the government of Sri Lanka and industry associations should together provide necessary support to stakeholders to meet the challenges of standards to ensure the continuity of Sri Lanka's prominent position in the international market, because this is increasingly under threat. This will require a multi-pronged approach, which would include promoting awareness of standards, providing financial assistance, training workers, improving institutional capacity, targeting low-income markets, harmonising standards and participating in standard-setting bodies. The study has contributed to the existing literature on global value chains and standards by mapping the tea chain in Sri Lanka, exploring the governance types in the chain, documenting various food standards in the industry and their implications for governance.
Download or read book Trade Environment and Sustainable Development written by Grant Hewison and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-05-13 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade, Environment and Sustainable Development explores the linkages between the objectives of liberalised international trade, protection of the environment and sustainable development. It is an anthology of essays by leading experts, key government officials and political leaders from the South Asian region, supported by officials of the OECD, UNCTAD and non-governmental organisations. Trade, Environment and Sustainable Development outlines the concerns of the developing nations of the South Asian region about the impacts on their trade and development from the environmental policies of the North. A range of country case and sector studies are presented, along with analysis of key regional issues.
Download or read book OECD Trade Policy Studies Environmental Requirements and Market Access written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-11-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating over twenty cases, this OECD report examines how environmental requirements can become trade barriers for developing countries.
Download or read book Environmental Regulation and Food Safety written by Veena Jha and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2005 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environmental, health and sanitary requirements in developed countries are often seen as non-tariff barriers to trade, and this study considers the possibility that these standards could be also be protectionist. The authors use case studies and evidence from locally based researchers.
Download or read book Sri Lanka Tea Industry in Transition written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Globalization and Standards written by Keshab Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changes following more than two decades of economic reforms and globalization of the Indian economy – at state, corporate sector, and consumer level – raise interesting questions on the ways in which the stakeholders will continue to engage on the world stage, politically, socially and economically. One key feature of global trade over this period has been the growing importance of not only product standards but, importantly, labor, environmental, food safety and social standards. Being essentially a non-tariff barrier,standards have often become critical to market access and essential to sustained competitiveness. This has a clear impact on the manner in which both global and Indian business is conducted now and in the future. It also underlines the need for a new area of enquiry that addresses the following questions: How are the Indian public and private actors – the state, domestic firms, local consumers and society – influencing and being influenced by such standards? Do standards really matter in an overwhelmingly informal production sphere, with consumers deeply segmented on the basis of a highly skewed distribution of income and with the rural population becoming further marginalized? We have limited knowledge about the challenges faced and strategies pursued by these key domestic actors, both public and private. How have they been able to drive these processes and what are their implications for larger concerns with inequalities and the conditions of the poor? How does the omnipresent informality influence compliance, encourage multiple standards and affect the chances of addressing institutional dysfunctionality? What role does regulation play? These are some of the issues dealt with in the book, which has chapters focusing on aspects of specific sectors such as microfinance, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, tea trading, the role of the state and changing consumer influence. We have limited knowledge about the challenges faced and strategies pursued by these key domestic actors, both public and private. How have been they able to drive these processes and what are the consequences of these changes for the Indian economy, other emergent economies and for the rest of the developing world? In particular, what are their implications for the wider Indian society, especially on concerns with informality, inequalities and the conditions of the poor? How does informality in its omnipresent form influence compliance, encourage multiple standards and chances of addressing institutional dysfunctionality? What role does regulation play? These are some of the issues dealt within the book wherein chapters focus on aspects of specific sectors, trading, role of the state and changing influence of the consumer.
Download or read book Sri Lanka s Tea Industry written by Ridwan Ali and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 368. The global tea industry reached maturity over a decade ago and is now in a critical period when fundamental changes are taking place in the competitive environment. This paper identifies some of the major strengths and weaknesses of Sri Lanka's tea industry with respect to other major exporters in the world and examines the strategic options of the Sri Lankan government and private tea companies for enhancing the country�s competitive position in the global market. Part 1 discusses the overall global market for tea, the world tea economy, and major competitors in the global tea market. Part 2 discusses the strategic issues of the production and marketing of tea, including the product market system and competitive dynamics, strategies for creating global competitive advantage for Sri Lanka's tea industry, and advanced strategies for the country�s future.
Download or read book Sri Lanka s Tea Industry written by Ridwan Ali and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 367. Many developing countries enforce seed regulations and other policies that obstruct private companies from operating and delivering new technology. This volume presents recommendations and selected papers from an international workshop organized by the World Bank in 1995 to review seed policies and to develop recommendations on ways of easing entry barriers for certain varieties of seeds in developing countries. The papers and discussions identified reforms to speed the flow of private seed technology to these countries, with a particular focus on reforms and their impacts in Bangladesh, India, Peru, and Turkey.
Download or read book Integrating Environmental Considerations Into Economic Policy Making Processes Institutional arrangements and mechanisms at sector level country studies on the agriculture sector in Malaysia the mining sector in Papua New Guinea and the tea sector in Sr Lanka written by United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tea Sri Lanka written by Action for World Development, South Australia. Tea Group and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Potential Exports and Nontariff Barriers to Trade written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication explores how Bhutan could boost its exports by addressing nontariff barriers to trade. It focuses on sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade, and on export products that have the potential to increase their market share in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It considers options including legal reforms, the upgrade of quality standards and laboratory equipment, and institution building of accrediting bodies and conformity assessment bodies. Practical recommendations suggest ways forward for both the public and private sectors.
Download or read book Unlocking Trade Opportunities written by International Institute for Environment and Development and published by IIED. This book was released on 1997 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability written by Ramón López and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-06-29 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth as we know it today cannot persist indefinitely if it entails continuous degradation of natural resources and the environment. While in a few countries around the world it appears that environmental degradation has been the result of rapid economic growth, in the vast majority of the developing countries the environment has been equally spoiled despite slow or even negative economic growth. This book provides new insights on the common roots of economic stagnation, poverty and environmental degradation which, unfortunately, generally reside in misguided government policies and priorities. By doing this, the volume seeks to provide a broader policy option framework than those found in conventional policy analyses, mainly dominated by the "Washington Consensus". It shows that a major omission of the conventional view is that governments tend to allocate government expenditures in a biased way favouring subsidies to the economic elites to the detriment of investments in public goods, including human capital, R&D, as well as the development of institutions (environmental and otherwise), which are vital for long run growth, poverty reduction and environmental sustainability.
Download or read book The Living Land written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 1999 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book The Living Land written by Jules Pretty Obe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Living Land sets out a new 'stakeholder' vision for rural regeneration in Europe. It integrates three themes: sustainable agriculture, localised food systems and rural community development. All three offer ways of rebuilding natural and social capital, and a large 'sustainability dividend' is waiting to be released from current practices - creating more jobs, more wealth and better lives from less.
