Download or read book Standard American English Socially Distinguishing written by Daniela Daus and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate Examination Paper from the year 2004 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2.5, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, course: PS Regional and Social Varieties of American English, language: English, abstract: Language variation could also be called „. . .the most basic and fundamental of human socialisation tools.” You need language to express yourself, to learn things, to communicate and to get educated. Without language, an independent life is hardly to live. As long as people speak, there always have been dialects and individual ways of speaking in one language. British English for example, during the twelveth and thirteenth century, was spoken in four varieties, besides French and Latin. Throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth century, the more unified Great Britain needed some kind of “Standard”, to cope with official tasks and affairs. So, at some point, it seems necessary to compromise on one way of speaking for official matters. This paper will focus on “Standard American English” as a sociolinguistic tool: A brief history of American English will be given and definitions of “Standard American English” will be discussed. The central question of this paper will be: Why there is a need for the so-called “Standard”? Whom does it serve? Is it an “ideology” of the upper classes to distinguish them also linguistically from the lower classes? Or is the function of “Standard American English” solely to enable the American people to communicate on an even level, despite the various dialects? Further, the example of New York City speech will be given, to show that “Standard” seems to be necessary for “upward mobility”.

Download or read book Standards of English written by Raymond Hickey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book-length exploration of 'standard Englishes' with contributions by the leading experts on each major variety of English discussed.

Download or read book Discovering Language An Introduction to Linguistics for Students in Taiwan written by Thomas Nash and published by 政大出版社. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 本書是專為介紹台灣大學語言學課程。其目的是激勵學生，激發他們對語言的興趣，以及瞭解語言的本質並融入他們的生活中。比大多數的語言學教科書篇幅更短、更易於閱讀，但有更多的內容是直接關係到學生在台灣的生活，如國語，台語和原住民的南島語的例子。書中的練習題可讓學生檢查他們的學習成效。

Download or read book Seven Steps to Separating Difference From Disability written by Catherine Collier and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a complete book for practitioners, helping me determine at what stage in the process my child study team is and where we should go next." —Margarete Couture, Principal, Seneca Central School District, Interlaken, NY "This book contributes significantly to the body of literature on RTI. No professional library will be complete without this book for addressing the multicultural perspective." —Karen Kozy-Landress, Speech/Language Pathologist, MILA Elementary School, Merritt Island, FL Ensure appropriate placement and services for your school′s diverse students! When a culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) student struggles in school, how can you tell whether language or cultural differences are the cause, or if the student has a learning or behavioral disability? Because the reason can be difficult to pinpoint, having the right assessment process in place is crucial. Seven Steps to Separating Difference From Disability shows how educators can adapt the widely used Response to Intervention (RTI) model to make sound decisions regarding a student′s education. Catherine Collier presents a framework that breaks down the process into seven clear steps for determining each student′s unique strengths and needs, helping educators make appropriate decisions regarding resources, referrals, and integrated services. Principals, school administrators, and RTI team members will find: Instruction, intervention, and assessment techniques specific to the challenges faced by limited-English-proficient (LEP) students and English language learners (ELLs) A step-by-step process that works within an RTI framework, supporting collaboration among teachers, specialists, and administrators Realistic, research-based guidance on key considerations such as cognitive learning style, language acquisition, acculturation, and the role of family and community A running case study that demonstrates the book′s strategies in action Develop your team′s ability to distinguish between learning differences and disabilities so you can better serve all students!

Download or read book American English written by Walt Wolfram and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this classic text chronicles recent breakthrough developments in the field of American English, covering regional, ethnic, and gender-based differences. Now accompanied by a companion website with an extensive array of sound files, video clips, and other online materials to enhance and illustrate discussions in the text Features brand new chapters that cover the very latest topics, such as Levels of Dialect, Regional Varieties of English, Gender and Language Variation, The Application of Dialect Study, and Dialect Awareness: Extending Application, as well as new exercises with online answers Updated to contain dialect samples from a wider array of US regions Written for students taking courses in dialect studies, variationist sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology, and requires no pre-knowledge of linguistics Includes a glossary and extensive appendix of the pronunciation, grammatical, and lexical features of American English dialects

Download or read book The Columbia Guide to Standard American English written by Kenneth G. Wilson and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1996-08-30 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the most reliable and readable guide to effective writing for the Americans of today, Wilson answers questions of meaning, grammar, pronunciation, punctuation, and spelling in thousands of clear, concise entries. His guide is unique in presenting a systematic, comprehensive view of language as determined by context. Wilson provides a simple chart of contexts—from oratorical speech to intimate, from formal writing to informal—and explains in which contexts a particular usage is appropriate, and in which it is not. The Columbia Guide to Standard American English provides the answers to questions about American English the way no other guide can with: * an A–Z format for quick reference; * over five thousand entries, more than any other usage book; * sensible and useful advice based on the most current linguistic research; * a convenient chart of levels of speech and writing geared to context; * both descriptive and prescriptive entries for guidance; * guidelines for nonsexist usage; * individual entries for all language terms. A vibrant description of how our language is being spoken and written at the end of the twentieth century—and how we ourselves can use it most effectively—The Columbia Guide to Standard American English is the ideal handbook to language etiquette: friendly, sensible, and reliable.

Download or read book Linguistics An Introduction written by William B. McGregor and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2009-01-15 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguistics is a fresh and contemporary introductory textbook for all students of linguistics and language studies. Firmly based around taught courses and catering to student needs, it addresses all the topics that a student will need in their initial and subsequent study of language. With key terms, further reading, questions at the end of each chapter, exercises and key paragraphs in stand-out boxes, this is a firmly pedagogic text that takes difficult concepts and explains them in an easy to understand way, with examples taken from a range of languages across the world. Global in its scope and comprehensive in its coverage, this is the textbook of choice for linguistics students.

Download or read book Introduction to sociolinguistics written by Buhari Fakkah and published by Nas Media Pustaka. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society. Sociolinguistics differs from sociology of language in that the focus of sociolinguistics is the effect of the society on the language, while the latter's focus is on the language's effect on the society. Sociolinguistics overlaps to a considerable degree with pragmatics. It is historically closely related to linguistic anthropology and the distinction between the two fields has even been questioned recently. It also studies how language varieties differ between groups separated by certain social variables, e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, age, etc., and how creation and adherence to these rules is used to categorize individuals in social or socioeconomic classes. As the usage of a language varies from place to place, language usage also varies among social classes, and it is these sociolects that sociolinguistics studies. The social aspects of language were in the modern sense first studied by Indian and Japanese linguists in the 1930s, and also by Gauchat in Switzerland in the early 1900s, but none received much attention in the West until much later. The study of the social motivation of language change, on the other hand, has its foundation in the wave model of the late 19th century. The first attested use of the term sociolinguistics was by Thomas Callan Hodson in the title of a 1939 paper. Sociolinguistics in the West first appeared in the 1960s and was pioneered by linguists such as William Labov in the US and Basil Bernstein in the UK. For example, a sociolinguist might determine through study of social attitudes that a particular vernacular would not be considered appropriate language use in a business or professional setting. Sociolinguists might also study the grammar, phonetics, vocabulary, and other aspects of this sociolect much as dialectologists would study the same for a regional dialect. The study of language variation is concerned with social constraints determining language in its contextual environment. Code- switching is the term given to the use of different varieties of language in different social situations. William Labov is often regarded as the founder of the study of sociolinguistics. He is especially noted for introducing the quantitative study of language variation and change, making the sociology of language into a scientific discipline.

Download or read book Research in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1980-07 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book World Language Education as Critical Pedagogy written by Timothy G. Reagan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessible and cutting-edge, this text is a pivotal update to the field and offers a much-needed critical perspective on world language education. Building off their classic 2002 book, The Foreign Language Educator in Society, Timothy G. Reagan and Terry A. Osborn address major issues facing the world language educator today, including language myths, advocacy, the perceived and real benefits of language learning, linguistic human rights, constructivism, learning theories, language standards, monolingualism, bilingualism and multiculturalism. Organized into three parts – "Knowing Language," "Learning Language," and "Teaching Language" – this book applies a critical take on conventional wisdom on language education, evaluates social and political realities, assumptions, and controversies in the field. Each chapter includes questions for reflection and discussion to support students and educators in developing their own perspectives on teaching and learning languages. With a critical pedagogy and social justice lens, this book is ideal for scholars and students in foreign/world language education, social justice education, and language teaching methodology courses, as well as pre- and in-service teachers.

Download or read book Linguistics and English Literature written by H. D. Adamson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This undergraduate textbook introduces English literature students to the application of linguistics to literary analysis.

Download or read book The Cambridge History of the English Language English in North America written by Richard M. Hogg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volumes of The Cambridge history of the English language reflect the spread of English from its beginnings in Anglo-Saxon England to its current role as a multifaceted global language that dominates international communication in the 21st century.

Download or read book Social Linguistics and Literacies written by James Gee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-08-23 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully-updated new edition engages with topics such as orality and literacy, the history of literacy, the uses and abuses of literacy in that history, the analysis of language as cultural communication, and social theories of mind and meaning, among many other topics. It represents the most current statement of a widely discussed and used theory about how language functions in society, a theory initially developed in the first edition of the book, and developed in this new edition in tandem with analytic techniques for the study of language and literacy in context, with special reference to cross-cultural issues in communities and schools. Built around a large number of specific examples, this new edition reflects current debates across the world about education and educational reform, the nature of language and communication, and the role of sociocultural diversity in schools and society. One of the core goals of this book, from its first edition on, has been to develop a new and more widely applicable vision of applied linguistics. It will be of interest to researchers, lecturers and students in education, linguistics, or any field that deals with language, especially in social or cultural terms.

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Sociolinguistics written by Kimberly Geeslin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art volume offers a comprehensive, accessible, and uniquely interdisciplinary examination of social factors’ role in second language acquisition (SLA) through different theoretical paradigms, methodological traditions, populations, contexts, and language groups. Top scholars from around the world synthesize current and past work, contextualize the central issues, and set the future research agenda on second language variation, including languages studied or taught less commonly. This will be an indispensable resource to scholars and advanced students of SLA, applied linguistics, education, and other fields interested in the social aspects of language learning in research practice and instruction.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-24 with total page 26924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of ELL (1993, Ron Asher, Editor) was hailed as "the field's standard reference work for a generation". Now the all-new second edition matches ELL's comprehensiveness and high quality, expanded for a new generation, while being the first encyclopedia to really exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics. * The most authoritative, up-to-date, comprehensive, and international reference source in its field * An entirely new work, with new editors, new authors, new topics and newly commissioned articles with a handful of classic articles * The first Encyclopedia to exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics through the online edition * Ground-breaking and International in scope and approach * Alphabetically arranged with extensive cross-referencing * Available in print and online, priced separately. The online version will include updates as subjects develop ELL2 includes: * c. 7,500,000 words * c. 11,000 pages * c. 3,000 articles * c. 1,500 figures: 130 halftones and 150 colour * Supplementary audio, video and text files online * c. 3,500 glossary definitions * c. 39,000 references * Extensive list of commonly used abbreviations * List of languages of the world (including information on no. of speakers, language family, etc.) * Approximately 700 biographical entries (now includes contemporary linguists) * 200 language maps in print and online Also available online via ScienceDirect – featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. The first Encyclopedia to exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics Ground-breaking in scope - wider than any predecessor An invaluable resource for researchers, academics, students and professionals in the fields of: linguistics, anthropology, education, psychology, language acquisition, language pathology, cognitive science, sociology, the law, the media, medicine & computer science. The most authoritative, up-to-date, comprehensive, and international reference source in its field

Download or read book TExES Bilingual Education Supplemental 164 Book Online written by Luis A. Rosado and published by Research & Education Assoc.. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teacher candidates seeking certification to become bilingual teachers in Texas public schools must take the TExES Bilingual Education Supplemental (164) test. This REA test guide provides extensive coverage of the exam’s four competencies. In addition to a thorough review, the book features a diagnostic test and full-length practice test that deal with every type of question, subject area, and skill tested on the exam. Both tests are also available online for timed testing conditions, automatic scoring, and instant feedback on every question to help teacher candidates zero in on the topics that give them trouble now, so they can succeed on test day -- Provided by the publisher.