Download or read book Speech Separation by Humans and Machines written by Pierre Divenyi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is appropriate for those specializing in speech science, hearing science, neuroscience, or computer science and engineers working on applications such as automatic speech recognition, cochlear implants, hands-free telephones, sound recording, multimedia indexing and retrieval.
Download or read book Voice Communication Between Humans and Machines written by for the National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science fiction has long been populated with conversational computers and robots. Now, speech synthesis and recognition have matured to where a wide range of real-world applicationsâ€"from serving people with disabilities to boosting the nation's competitivenessâ€"are within our grasp. Voice Communication Between Humans and Machines takes the first interdisciplinary look at what we know about voice processing, where our technologies stand, and what the future may hold for this fascinating field. The volume integrates theoretical, technical, and practical views from world-class experts at leading research centers around the world, reporting on the scientific bases behind human-machine voice communication, the state of the art in computerization, and progress in user friendliness. It offers an up-to-date treatment of technological progress in key areas: speech synthesis, speech recognition, and natural language understanding. The book also explores the emergence of the voice processing industry and specific opportunities in telecommunications and other businesses, in military and government operations, and in assistance for the disabled. It outlines, as well, practical issues and research questions that must be resolved if machines are to become fellow problem-solvers along with humans. Voice Communication Between Humans and Machines provides a comprehensive understanding of the field of voice processing for engineers, researchers, and business executives, as well as speech and hearing specialists, advocates for people with disabilities, faculty and students, and interested individuals.
Download or read book Speechreading by Humans and Machines written by David G. Stork and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is one outcome of the NATO Advanced Studies Institute (ASI) Workshop, "Speechreading by Man and Machine," held at the Chateau de Bonas, Castera-Verduzan (near Auch, France) from August 28 to Septem ber 8, 1995 - the first interdisciplinary meeting devoted the subject of speechreading ("lipreading"). The forty-five attendees from twelve countries covered the gamut of speechreading research, from brain scans of humans processing bi-modal stimuli, to psychophysical experiments and illusions, to statistics of comprehension by the normal and deaf communities, to models of human perception, to computer vision and learning algorithms and hardware for automated speechreading machines. The first week focussed on speechreading by humans, the second week by machines, a general organization that is preserved in this volume. After the in evitable difficulties in clarifying language and terminology across disciplines as diverse as human neurophysiology, audiology, psychology, electrical en gineering, mathematics, and computer science, the participants engaged in lively discussion and debate. We think it is fair to say that there was an atmosphere of excitement and optimism for a field that is both fascinating and potentially lucrative. Of the many general results that can be taken from the workshop, two of the key ones are these: • The ways in which humans employ visual image for speech recogni tion are manifold and complex, and depend upon the talker-perceiver pair, severity and age of onset of any hearing loss, whether the topic of conversation is known or unknown, the level of noise, and so forth.
Download or read book Blind Speech Separation written by Shoji Makino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-07 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the world’s first edited book on independent component analysis (ICA)-based blind source separation (BSS) of convolutive mixtures of speech. This book brings together a small number of leading researchers to provide tutorial-like and in-depth treatment on major ICA-based BSS topics, with the objective of becoming the definitive source for current, comprehensive, authoritative, and yet accessible treatment.
Download or read book Blind Speech Separation written by Shoji Makino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the world’s first edited book on independent component analysis (ICA)-based blind source separation (BSS) of convolutive mixtures of speech. This book brings together a small number of leading researchers to provide tutorial-like and in-depth treatment on major ICA-based BSS topics, with the objective of becoming the definitive source for current, comprehensive, authoritative, and yet accessible treatment.
Download or read book Implementation and Evaluation of Gated Recurrent Unit for Speech Separation and Speech Enhancement written by Sagar Shah and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hearing aids, automatic speech recognition (ASR) and many other communication systems work well when there is just one sound source with almost no echo, but their performance degrades in situations where more speakers are talking simultaneously or the reverberation is high. Speech separation and speech enhancement are core problems in the field of audio signal processing. Humans are remarkably capable of focusing their auditory attention on a single sound source within a noisy environment, by de-emphasizing all other voices and interferences in surroundings. This capability comes naturally to us humans. However, speech separation remains a significant challenge for computers. It is challenging for the following reasons: the wide variety of sound type, different mixing environment, and the unclear procedure to distinguish sources, especially for similar sounds. Also, perceiving speech in low signal/noise (SNR) conditions is hard for hearing-impaired listeners. Therefore, the motivation is to advance the speech separation algorithms to improve the intelligibility of noisy speech. Latest technologies aim to empower machines with similar abilities. Recently, the deep neural network methods achieved impressive successes in various problems, including speech enhancement, which the task to separate the clean speech of the noise mixture. Due to the advances in deep learning, speech separation can be viewed as a classification problem and treated as a supervised learning problem. Three main components of speech separation or speech enhancement using deep learning methods are acoustic features, learning machines, and training targets. This work aims to implement a single-channel speech separation and enhancement algorithm utilizing machine learning, deep neural networks (DNNs). An extensive set of speech from different speakers and noise data is collected to train a neural network model that predicts time-frequency masks from noisy and mixture speech signals. The algorithm is tested using various noises and combinations of different speakers. Its performance is evaluated in terms of speech quality and intelligibility. In this thesis, I am proposing a variant of the recurrent neural network, which is GRU (gated recurrent unit) for the speech separation and speech enhancement task. It is a simpler model than the LSTM (long short-term memory), which is used now for the task of speech enhancement and speech separation, consisting of a smaller number of parameters and matching the performance of the speech separation and speech enhancement of LSTM networks.
Download or read book Speech and Audio Signal Processing written by Ben Gold and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-23 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Speech and Audio Signal Processing published in 1999, it stood out from its competition in its breadth of coverage and its accessible, intutiont-based style. This book was aimed at individual students and engineers excited about the broad span of audio processing and curious to understand the available techniques. Since then, with the advent of the iPod in 2001, the field of digital audio and music has exploded, leading to a much greater interest in the technical aspects of audio processing. This Second Edition will update and revise the original book to augment it with new material describing both the enabling technologies of digital music distribution (most significantly the MP3) and a range of exciting new research areas in automatic music content processing (such as automatic transcription, music similarity, etc.) that have emerged in the past five years, driven by the digital music revolution. New chapter topics include: Psychoacoustic Audio Coding, describing MP3 and related audio coding schemes based on psychoacoustic masking of quantization noise Music Transcription, including automatically deriving notes, beats, and chords from music signals. Music Information Retrieval, primarily focusing on audio-based genre classification, artist/style identification, and similarity estimation. Audio Source Separation, including multi-microphone beamforming, blind source separation, and the perception-inspired techniques usually referred to as Computational Auditory Scene Analysis (CASA).
Download or read book Human and Machine Hearing written by Richard F. Lyon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how human hearing works and how to build machines that analyze sounds in the same way that people do.
Download or read book Speech Communication written by Douglas O'Shaughnessy and published by Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Speech and Human Machine Dialog written by Wolfgang Minker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech and Human-Machine Dialog focuses on the dialog management component of a spoken language dialog system. Spoken language dialog systems provide a natural interface between humans and computers. These systems are of special interest for interactive applications, and they integrate several technologies including speech recognition, natural language understanding, dialog management and speech synthesis. Due to the conjunction of several factors throughout the past few years, humans are significantly changing their behavior vis-à-vis machines. In particular, the use of speech technologies will become normal in the professional domain, and in everyday life. The performance of speech recognition components has also significantly improved. This book includes various examples that illustrate the different functionalities of the dialog model in a representative application for train travel information retrieval (train time tables, prices and ticket reservation). Speech and Human-Machine Dialog is designed for a professional audience, composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable as a secondary text for graduate-level students in computer science and engineering.
Download or read book The Voice in the Machine written by Roberto Pieraccini and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-03-23 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of more than sixty years of successes and failures in developing technologies that allow computers to understand human spoken language. Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey famously featured HAL, a computer with the ability to hold lengthy conversations with his fellow space travelers. More than forty years later, we have advanced computer technology that Kubrick never imagined, but we do not have computers that talk and understand speech as HAL did. Is it a failure of our technology that we have not gotten much further than an automated voice that tells us to “say or press 1”? Or is there something fundamental in human language and speech that we do not yet understand deeply enough to be able to replicate in a computer? In The Voice in the Machine, Roberto Pieraccini examines six decades of work in science and technology to develop computers that can interact with humans using speech and the industry that has arisen around the quest for these technologies. He shows that although the computers today that understand speech may not have HAL's capacity for conversation, they have capabilities that make them usable in many applications today and are on a fast track of improvement and innovation. Pieraccini describes the evolution of speech recognition and speech understanding processes from waveform methods to artificial intelligence approaches to statistical learning and modeling of human speech based on a rigorous mathematical model—specifically, Hidden Markov Models (HMM). He details the development of dialog systems, the ability to produce speech, and the process of bringing talking machines to the market. Finally, he asks a question that only the future can answer: will we end up with HAL-like computers or something completely unexpected?
Download or read book Speech Enhancement written by Shoji Makino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-03-17 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a noisy world! In all applications (telecommunications, hands-free communications, recording, human-machine interfaces, etc) that require at least one microphone, the signal of interest is usually contaminated by noise and reverberation. As a result, the microphone signal has to be "cleaned" with digital signal processing tools before it is played out, transmitted, or stored. This book is about speech enhancement. Different well-known and state-of-the-art methods for noise reduction, with one or multiple microphones, are discussed. By speech enhancement, we mean not only noise reduction but also dereverberation and separation of independent signals. These topics are also covered in this book. However, the general emphasis is on noise reduction because of the large number of applications that can benefit from this technology. The goal of this book is to provide a strong reference for researchers, engineers, and graduate students who are interested in the problem of signal and speech enhancement. To do so, we invited well-known experts to contribute chapters covering the state of the art in this focused field.
Download or read book Speech Processing in Modern Communication written by Israel Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-18 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern communication devices, such as mobile phones, teleconferencing systems, VoIP, etc., are often used in noisy and reverberant environments. Therefore, signals picked up by the microphones from telecommunication devices contain not only the desired near-end speech signal, but also interferences such as the background noise, far-end echoes produced by the loudspeaker, and reverberations of the desired source. These interferences degrade the fidelity and intelligibility of the near-end speech in human-to-human telecommunications and decrease the performance of human-to-machine interfaces (i.e., automatic speech recognition systems). The proposed book deals with the fundamental challenges of speech processing in modern communication, including speech enhancement, interference suppression, acoustic echo cancellation, relative transfer function identification, source localization, dereverberation, and beamforming in reverberant environments. Enhancement of speech signals is necessary whenever the source signal is corrupted by noise. In highly non-stationary noise environments, noise transients, and interferences may be extremely annoying. Acoustic echo cancellation is used to eliminate the acoustic coupling between the loudspeaker and the microphone of a communication device. Identification of the relative transfer function between sensors in response to a desired speech signal enables to derive a reference noise signal for suppressing directional or coherent noise sources. Source localization, dereverberation, and beamforming in reverberant environments further enable to increase the intelligibility of the near-end speech signal.
Download or read book Computational Auditory Scene Analysis written by Deliang Wang and published by Wiley-IEEE Press. This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive and coherent account of the state of the art in CASA, in terms of the underlying principles, the algorithms and system architectures that are employed, and the potential applications of this exciting new technology.
Download or read book Audio Source Separation written by Shoji Makino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of the fascinating topic of audio source separation based on non-negative matrix factorization, deep neural networks, and sparse component analysis. The first section of the book covers single channel source separation based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). After an introduction to the technique, two further chapters describe separation of known sources using non-negative spectrogram factorization, and temporal NMF models. In section two, NMF methods are extended to multi-channel source separation. Section three introduces deep neural network (DNN) techniques, with chapters on multichannel and single channel separation, and a further chapter on DNN based mask estimation for monaural speech separation. In section four, sparse component analysis (SCA) is discussed, with chapters on source separation using audio directional statistics modelling, multi-microphone MMSE-based techniques and diffusion map methods. The book brings together leading researchers to provide tutorial-like and in-depth treatments on major audio source separation topics, with the objective of becoming the definitive source for a comprehensive, authoritative, and accessible treatment. This book is written for graduate students and researchers who are interested in audio source separation techniques based on NMF, DNN and SCA.
Download or read book Independent Component Analysis and Signal Separation written by Tulay Adali and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Independent Component Analysis and Signal Separation, ICA 2009, held in Paraty, Brazil, in March 2009. The 97 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 137 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on theory, algorithms and architectures, biomedical applications, image processing, speech and audio processing, other applications, as well as a special session on evaluation.
Download or read book Human and Machine Hearing written by Richard F. Lyon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human and Machine Hearing is the first book to comprehensively describe how human hearing works and how to build machines to analyze sounds in the same way that people do. Drawing on over thirty-five years of experience in analyzing hearing and building systems, Richard F. Lyon explains how we can now build machines with close-to-human abilities in speech, music, and other sound-understanding domains. He explains human hearing in terms of engineering concepts, and describes how to incorporate those concepts into machines for a wide range of modern applications. The details of this approach are presented at an accessible level, to bring a diverse range of readers, from neuroscience to engineering, to a common technical understanding. The description of hearing as signal-processing algorithms is supported by corresponding open-source code, for which the book serves as motivating documentation.
