Download or read book Spectroscopic Reconstructed Near Infrared Tomographic Imaging for Breast Cancer Diagnosis written by Troy O. McBride and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimizing Near infrared Spectral Tomography for Diagnostic Imaging and Monitoring of Breast Cancer Treatment written by Yan Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Near-infrared spectral tomography (NIRST) has been intensively investigated for clinical application in breast imaging, by providing functional information about physiologically related biomarkers such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, water, lipid and scatter component. In this thesis, a series of studies on system development and reconstruction algorithm were completed to improve the imaging quality of MR-guide NIRST and to predicate breast cancer response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. To optimize image recovery which maximizes difference between malignant and benign lesions, non-linear iterative reconstructions of MR-Guided NISRT images were recovered using an L-curve based algorithm, and applied to clinical trial data. The statistical analyses have shown that the new approach dramatically improved the statistical significance for differentiating malignant from benign lesions. While MRI guide NIRST has been utilized to detect breast cancer, NIRST is also used to predicate and monitor breast tumor responses in patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant treatment. Based on an existing hybrid NIRST system developed at Dartmouth, a compact and portable NIRST system has been developed for imaging patients in the infusion unit while patients are awaiting or undergoing infusion. This system can acquire frequency-domain and continuous-wave data simultaneously at 12 wavelengths in the wavelength range of 660nm to 1064nm. Novel soft gel based homogenous and heterogamous tissue-mimicking phantoms with sphere-shape inclusions have been developed, to mimic human breasts. The phantom experiments indicate that the reconstructed optical images highly depend on the position of imaging plane, especially in the case of small inclusions. Tomographic images of breast collagen content have been recovered for the first time, and image reconstruction approaches with and without collagen content included have been validated in simulation studies, which indicate that including collagen content into the reconstruction procedure can significantly reduce the overestimation in total hemoglobin, water and lipid, and underestimates in oxygen saturation. A group of 10 normal subjects were imaged, and significantly higher (p
Download or read book Time Resolved and Spectroscopic Three Dimensional Optical Breast Tomography written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the research project, "Time-Resolved and Spectroscopic Three-Dimensional Optical Breast Tomography," was to develop a safe and affordable breast cancer detection modality that uses noninvasive near-infrared (NIR) light for imaging and diagnosing tumors in human breast with high resolution and specificity. In order to realize that goal three different approaches were developed. These are Optical Tomography using Independent Component Analysis (OPTICA), Round Trip Matrix (RTM) approach, and Center of Intensity Time Gated Imaging (CITGI). OPTICA is the most developed of these approaches. It has been demonstrated that OPTICA can detect, obtain the threedimensional location information and cross-section images of small absorbing, scattering, and fluorescent targets in model media, and tumor(s) in realistic model breast with considerable accuracy. Further accomplishments include development of a forward model for determining the backscattered polarized light intensity distribution, and initial development of a technique to determine scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, and anisotropy factor (g) of breast tissue specimens. Besides detection and localization of tumors in breast, these results may have potential applications in optical biopsy, and lumpectomy. The graduate student supported by the project received his Ph. D., adding another scientist to the ongoing fight against breast cancer.
Download or read book Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue VII written by Britton Chance and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2007 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory/Algorithm/Modeling; Instrumentation and Technology I; Fluorescence Imaging/Spectroscopy (algorithm/model/tomography); Fluorescence Imaging/Image Reconstruction (Experimental); Instrumentation and Technology II; Fluorescence Imaging Technology I; Fluorescence Imaging Technology II; Fluorescence Imaging Technology III; Network for Translational Research in Optical Imaging: Breast Cancer Diffuse Optical Imaging; Breast II - Instrumentation & New Analysis Method; Breast III - Clinical Study; Pre-Clinical/Animal; Instrumentation and Technology III; Clinical/Human Subject Studies.
Download or read book Alternative Breast Imaging written by Keith D. Paulsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical imaging has been transformed over the past 30 years by the advent of computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and various advances in x-ray and ultrasonic techniques. An enabling force behind this progress has been the (so far) exponentially increasing power of computers, which has made it practical to explore fundamentally new approaches. In particular, what our group terms "model-based" modalities-which produce tissue property images from data using nonlinear, iterative numerical modeling techniques-have become increasingly feasible. Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches explores our research on four such modalities, particularly with regard to imaging of the breast: (1) MR elastography (MRE), (2) electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), (3) microwave imaging spectroscopy (MIS), and (4) near infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIS). Chapter 1 introduces the present state of breast imaging and discusses how our alternative modalities can contribute to the field. Chapter 2 looks at the computational common ground shared by all four modalities. Chapters 2 through 10 are devoted to the four modalities, with each modality being discussed first in a theory chapter and then in an implementation-and-results chapter. The eleventh and final chapter discusses statistical methods for image analysis in the context of these four alternative imaging modalities. Imaging for the detection of breast cancer is a particularly interesting and relevant application of the four imaging modalities discussed in this book. Breast cancer is an extremely common health problem for women; the National Cancer Institute estimates that one in eight US women will develop breast cancer at least once in her lifetime. Yet the efficacy of the standard (and notoriously uncomfortable) early-detection test, the x-ray mammogram, has been disputed of late, especially for younger women. Conditions are thus ripe for the development of affordable techniques that replace or complement mammography. The breast is both anatomically accessible and small enough that the computing power required to model it, is affordable. Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches is structured to meet the needs of a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable for graduate-level students in computer science, electrical engineering and biomedical imaging.
Download or read book Methods for Improving the Reconstruction of Diffuse Optical Tomography for Breast Cancer Detection written by Murad Mohsen Althobaiti and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reconstructed Near Infrared Diffusion Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection written by Huabei Jiang and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combined Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Near infrared Spectral Tomography for Breast Lesion Characterization written by Kelly E. Michaelsen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annual screening mammograms are recommended for all women above 40 years of age for early detection of breast cancer, and are known to improve cancer mortality rates. However, mammography is hampered by low sensitivity and a high rate of false positive results that can lead to invasive and possibly unnecessary biopsies. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a recently approved screening method that takes multiple X-ray images at different positions relative to the breast, rendering excellent three-dimensional anatomic detail of the breast. Near-infrared spectral tomography (NIRST) was added into a DBT system, to provide co-localized information about the metabolic status of the tissue, specifically quantification of blood content, oxygen saturation, water and lipid levels. When used alone, NIRST is hampered by low spatial resolution. The hypothesis in this work was that noninvasive differentiation between malignant and benign lesions can be more accurately obtained by combining spatial information from DBT and functional information from NIRST in a single exam. To this end, the NIRST hardware has been integrated into an existing DBT unit, allowing completely co-registered X-ray and optical data. Early simulation work demonstrated the potential of this synergistic combination, optimized for short scanning time, low cost and complexity. The system was built and tested to obtain both clinical quality DBT scans and high fidelity NIRST data. Breast-mimicking phantoms assessed size, contrast and depth resolution as well as chromophore recovery. A total of 32 normal subjects were examined and the recovered tissue metabolic markers were analyzed with respect to patient demographics. Finally, 13 women with abnormal mammographic findings were imaged prior to biopsy and the results demonstrate correlation between hemoglobin content and histo-pathological diagnosis. The addition of NIRST imaging to DBT could aid in clinical decision making and decrease the number of biopsies which are performed with negative results, improving patient experience.
Download or read book Breast Cancer Screening Using Photonic Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research carried out on this project was aimed at developing noninvasive optical detection and diagnostic methods for breast cancer. The approaches that were developed and pursued include: (a) time-sliced near-infrared (NIR) two dimensional (2-D) transillumination imaging for direct imaging of tumors, and generating data with robust information content for 3-D image reconstruction; (b) spectroscopic 2-D NIR transillumination imaging for exploring the diagnostic potential of optical approach; (c) derivation of analytical solutions of radiative transport equation (RTE) and development of inversion algorithms for reconstruction of 3-D tomographic images using a sequence of time-sliced 2-D images. Results of direct imaging measurements on ex vivo tumor and normal tissues were compared with biopsy, pathology, and nuclear magnetic resonance results for validation. Images recorded with earlier temporal slices of transmitted light were found to highlight cancerous tissues while those recorded with later slices accentuated normal fibrous tissues. Spectroscopic imaging experiments show that the ratio, R of light intensity transmitted through the cancerous tissue to that through the corresponding normal tissue exhibit a wavelength dependent variation that has the potential to be used as a useful parameter for cancer identification. Analytical solutions of RTE enable more complete description of light transport through tissue and forward models based on these solutions promise more accurate and agile 3-D image reconstruction schemes.
Download or read book Concurrent MR NIR Imaging for Breast Cancer Diagnosis written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this research program is to investigate concurrent near infrared (NTR) optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for breast cancer diagnosis. The NIR diffuse optical imaging offers novel criteria for cancer differentiation with the ability to measure (in vivo) oxygenation and vascularization state, the uptake and release of contrast agents and chromophore concentrations with high sensitivity. However, NIR diffuse optical tomography is inherently a low spatial resolution imaging modality due to diffuse nature of light photons. Alternatively, MRI provides high spatial resolution with excellent tissue discrimination, but has limited ability to monitor hemoglobin dynamics and other contrast mechanisms that optical imaging provides. Therefore, concurrent MRI-NIR optical imaging brings together the most advantageous aspects of the two imaging modalities for breast cancer diagnosis.
Download or read book A Multimodal Breast Cancer Imaging System Using Coregistered Dynamic Diffuse Optical Tomography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis written by Bernhard B. Zimmermann and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is an emerging noninvasive functional imaging method for breast cancer diagnosis and neoadjuvant chemotherapy monitoring. In particular, the multimodal approach of combining DOT with x-ray digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is especially synergistic as DBT prior information can be used to enhance the DOT reconstruction. DOT, in turn, provides a functional information overlay onto the mammographic images, increasing sensitivity and specificity to cancer pathology. We describe a dynamic DOT apparatus designed for tight integration with commercial DBT scanners and providing a fast (1 Hz+) image acquisition rate to enable tracking of hemodynamic changes induced by the mammographic breast compression. The most significant advance enabling fast acquisition was the design and construction of a direct analog-to-digital conversion frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) component. It achieves simultaneous dual wavelength operation at 685 nm and 830 nm by concurrent 67.5 MHz and 75 MHz frequency modulation of each laser source, respectively, followed by digitization using a high-speed analog to digital converter and real-time hybrid FPGA-assisted demodulation by discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The overall DOT system integrates 96 CW-NIRS and 24 FD-NIRS source locations, as well as 32 CW-NIRS and 20 FD-NIRS detection locations into low-profile plates that mate to the DBT compression paddle and x-ray detector cover, respectively. The plates and the embedded optical fibers are made of plastic to minimize x-ray absorption and thus allow true simultaneous acquisition of the DBT image. We first characterize each major system component individually, and then demonstrate overall performance using static and dynamic tissue-like phantoms, as well as in vivo images acquired from the pool of patients recalled for breast biopsies at the Massachusetts General Hospital Breast Imaging Division.
Download or read book Combined MRI and Near infrared Spectroscopy for Increased Specificity of Breast Cancer Imaging written by Michael A. Mastanduno and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A yearly breast contrast-MR scan is recommended to high-risk women because of MR's high sensitivity to breast tumors. However, breast contrast-MR yields a high number of false positives that lead to expensive and sometimes unnecessary biopsy procedures. Therefore, there is a growing need for superior biomarkers derived from the lesion during the scan so that MRI's high sensitivity can be matched by a high specificity. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) has been examined here to augment MR by providing information about blood content, blood oxygen saturation, water, lipid, and scatter components. This functional information is correlated with tumor malignancy; however, the low spatial resolution of NIRS imaging has limited its usefulness as a single system. An instrument that synergistically combines the strengths of MRI and NIRS into one patient exam has been developed to non-invasively image high-contrast intrinsic properties of malignant breast lesions. This work concentrates on the development of instrumentation and methods to optimize a multimodal imaging technology and describes the results of a prospective clinical trial (n=50 subjects). The hypothesis was that NIRS could increase the specificity above MRI alone, to distinguish malignant lesions from benign prior to biopsy. This increased sensitivity was achieved through a customized 9 wavelength NIRS system, developed with an optical fiber interface compatible with most clinical MR breast coils. The study was carried out at Xijing Hospital in Xi'an China. Through this partnership, we showed that MRI/NIRS characterization of MR-identified regions was correlated to the histopathological diagnosis of that same region, as assessed by pathology on the surgically removed tissues. This hybrid imaging technology could aid healthcare decisions, by adding information to clinical MRI exams, lowering the number of necessary breast biopsies preformed, and thereby improving patients' quality of life.
Download or read book Characterization of Breast Cancer Using an Endogenous Tumor Spectral Marker written by Shanshan Xu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical imaging has enjoyed a large following in cancer in general and breast cancer in particular (i.e., diffuse optical imaging, DOI and diffuse optical tomography, DOT). Optical imaging biomarkers emerge from modeling specific near-infrared (NIR) absorption signatures that are sensitive indicators of important molecular concentration and disposition. We have developed Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging (DOSI) by increasing spectral information content for the purpose of increasing access to molecular targets and states. Malignancy-specific optical imaging biomarkers may be important because the above-mentioned changes in tumor hemoglobin, water and lipids are a necessary but not a sufficient condition to classify therapeutic response. We note that for all therapeutic imaging assessments (i.e., mammography, ultrasound, MRI, PET) that the same case is true for their respective contrast mechanisms. By a novel spectral analysis method, we have discovered the presence of absorption signatures that are unique to malignant lesions. A reproducible absorption spectrum (Specific Tumor Component, STC) with several distinct spectral features emerges when compared with the normal absorption spectra (the flat line near zero) measured from the normal tissue of these subjects plus an additional 21 patients without any evidence of malignancy. These data demonstrate the existence of a spectral signature that acts as an optical biomarker for malignancy. We are not aware of any other such biomarker that combines high specificity with ease of application in the imaging field. This DOSI-measured malignancy-specific biomarker STC provides an ideal non-invasive surrogate biomarker for breast lesion detection and differentiation. Although STC offers both spectroscopic and quantitative information for breast malignancy, this method relies on complicated data analysis and lacks of standardization. Thus, it is still far from a clinical reality. In order to carry out a quantitative assessment of its potential in becoming a standardized clinical detection modality for tumor detection/prediction/prognosis, the longitudinal temporal stability of signatures must be evaluated and the detection limit must be set. The overall clinical goal is to evaluate the possibilities for STC detection method to become a future clinical practice. Building the linkage between pre-existing detection modalities (pathological biomarkers, DCE-MRI) and novel spectral signature detection is essential. The medical interpretation of the findings from conventional tools will shed light on the understanding and further employment of STC biomarker. Similarly, STC detection with a high diagnosis sensitivity and specificity could be very well an adjunct method for traditional modalities.
Download or read book Breast Imaging written by Andrew D.A. Maidment and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Digital Mammography, IWDM 2012, held in Philadelphia, PA, USA, in July 2012. The 42 revised full papers and 58 revised poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous initial submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on contrast-enhancing imaging, digital mammography methods, tomosynthesis system design, tomosynthesis - image quality and dose, clinical tomosynthesis, functional breast imaging, breast computed tomography, computer-aided diagnosis and image processing, tomosynthesis reconstruction, and breast density.
Download or read book Proceedings of Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue III written by Britton Chance and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1999 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Optical Imaging for Clinical Medicine written by Nicusor Iftimia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides students, teachers, researchers and clinicians with a strong and established source of information on advanced optical technologies that show real promise of being translated to clinical use.
Download or read book Physics of Mammographic Imaging written by Mia K. Markey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the increasing number of digital mammograms and the advent of new kinds of three-dimensional x-ray and other forms of medical imaging, mammography is undergoing a dramatic change. To meet their responsibilities, medical physicists must constantly renew their knowledge of advances in medical imaging or radiation therapy, and must be prepared to function at the intersection of these two fields. Physics of Mammographic Imaging gives an overview on the current role and future potential of new alternatives to mammography in the context of clinical need, complementary approaches, and ongoing research. This book provides comprehensive coverage on the fundamentals of image formation, image interpretation, analysis, and modeling. It discusses the use of mammographic imaging in the detection, diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring of breast cancer. Expert authors give a balanced summary of core topics such as digital mammography, contrast-enhanced mammography, stereomammography, breast tomosynthesis, and breast CT. The book highlights the use of mammographic imaging with complementary breast imaging modalities such as ultrasound, MRI, and nuclear medicine techniques. It discusses critical issues such as computer-aided diagnosis, perception, and quality assurance. This is an exciting time in the development of medical imaging, with many new technologies poised to make a substantial impact on breast cancer care. This book will help researchers and students get up to speed on crucial developments and contribute to future advances in the field.
