Download or read book Spectrom trie infrarouge et d tection de gaz l aide de lasers cascade quantique written by Agnès Grossel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce travail de thèse, réalisé au sein du Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique (GSMA) de Reims et plus précisément dans l'équipe Spectroscopie Laser Infrarouge, est consacré à l'étude des possibilités offertes par les lasers à cascade quantique pour la détection de très faibles concentrations de gaz et pour la mesure de paramètres moléculaires. Cette thèse peut donc se diviser en trois parties : la première présente brièvement un bilan des sources infrarouges accessibles actuellement et des méthodes de détection de gaz avec ces sources ; l'intérêt des lasers à cascade quantique est souligné. La deuxième partie de cette thèse présente les méthodes de mesure de paramètres spectroscopiques avec des diodes laser ou des lasers à cascade quantique. J'ai appliqué ces méthodes à des mesures de paramètres spectroscopiques de composés d'intérêt atmosphériques : dioxyde de carbone et protoxyde d'azote. Ces mesures correspondent à des besoins réels pour l'analyse de mesures atmosphériques (dans le cas du N2O, pour les mesures de profils atmosphériques lors de campagne ballon de l'instrument SPIRALE du Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l' Environnement-LPCE, et dans le cas du CO2 pour vérifier des mesures LIDAR effectuées par le Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique-LMD de Palaiseau). Les lasers à cascade quantique ont également été utilisés pour réaliser des mesures à très haute sensibilité de gaz. Ils ont été couplés avec un détecteur photoacoustique développé au GSMA et l'optimisation de ce système a permis d'obtenir des limites de détection de l'ordre du ppb ou de la dizaine de ppb pour plusieurs composés atmosphériques : méthane, protoxyde d'azote, oxyde nitrique

Download or read book Spectrom trie laser avec sources moyen infrarouge largement accordables et application la d tection de gaz written by Laurent Bizet and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La détection de gaz est un domaine d'intérêt pour de nombreuses applications telles que la surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique, la détection d'explosifs, l'analyse des émissions respiratoire de patients, etc... La spectrométrie par lasers accordables permet la réalisation d'instruments compacts et bénéficiant de performances élevées (sélectivité, résolvance et résolution temporelle). Par ailleurs, l'utilisation de lasers à cascade quantique (QCL) permet d'accéder au moyen infrarouge (Mid-IR), où les raies d'absorption des molécules d'intérêt sont plus intenses, ce qui améliore la sensibilité des dispositifs. Les travaux de cette thèse ont porté sur le développement de dispositifs basés sur des QCL pour la détection de gaz. La première partie des travaux porte sur l'exploitation de nouvelles sources Mid-IR telles que les barrettes de QCL multiplexées et les barrettes de QCL cohérents. La seconde partie concerne le développement d'un dispositif intracavité sur lequel une technique de détection par mesure de la tension du laser a été validée. Cette technique possède l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter de détecteur optique et de fonctionner quelle que soit la longueur d'onde du laser.

Download or read book Trace Gas Spectrometry Using Quantum Cascade Lasers written by David Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was initially the continuation of a previous PhD students work. This changed slightly to incorporate the initial steps of development of a new system. However the main underlying focus was the absorption of infrared light by molecular gases using a still relatively new light source. This thesis will present the results of experimental work carried out during studies on the detection of gases and the nonlinear optical effects that arise from the absorption of light from a rapid frequency swept laser. A bench mounted two channel quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer was used during experiments to observe and reduce nonlinear effects that arise from tuning the lasers during the absorption of light by several atmospherically important gases. These gases include the oxides of nitrogen (nitrous oxide, nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide), methane and ammonia. The pulsed laser systems used as part of the spectrometer have also been put to use performing measurements on gaseous hydrocarbon combustion (methane and ethylene flames), to determine the feasibility of making measurements within the combustion zone of a jet engine and in conjunction with a continuous wave device during pump-probe experiments at the Chemistry Department of Oxford University. A portable four channel spectrometer was used at the beginning of the project to make measurements of the exhaust fumes of diesel powered vehicles. It will also cover the initial steps and tests performed in the early stages of development of a continuous wave quantum cascade laser based spectrometer for high speed detection of trace gases.

Download or read book Etude du confinement optique dans les lasers cascade quantique et applications la d tection written by Virginie Moreau and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depuis 1994, les lasers à cascade quantique se sont imposés comme la source laser à semiconducteur de choix dans le domaine du moyen et du lointain infrarouge. Comme la plupart des molécules chimiques possèdent des bandes d’absorption entre les niveaux de rotation-vibration qui se situent dans le moyen infrarouge, les lasers à cascade quantique sont particulièrement adaptés aux applications telles que la spectroscopie, la détection de gaz à l’état de traces ou l’imagerie médicale. Une des voies de recherche actives est aujourd’hui leur optimisation en vue de leur miniaturisation et de leur intégration dans des microsystèmes de détection. Ce travail de thèse présente l’étude et l’optimisation du confinement optique vertical dans des hétérostructures lasers à cascade quantique épitaxiées sans couche de confinement supérieure. Ces structures sont intéressantes puisqu’elles sont adaptées à la fois au guide à plasmons de surface et au guide avec un confinement par air. En menant une étude approfondie de la répartition du mode optique et du courant électrique, nous avons conçu des structures originales qui ouvrent notamment de nouvelles perspectives sur l’utilisation de ces lasers pour la détection de fluides. Nous avons également montré que l’observation par microscopie en champ proche est un outil précieux pour la caractérisation et la compréhension des lasers à cascade quantique. Finalement, nous posons les bases nécessaires à la réalisation de matrices de lasers monomodes, utilisant la technologie des cristaux photoniques

Download or read book Mesure de gaz traces l aide d un laser cascade quantique written by Jérôme Basset and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Application of Quantum Cascade Lasers to Mid infrared Gas Sensing written by Paul Richie Black and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explains the development of a quantum cascade laser based gas sensor and the verification of performance of the resulting product. The capability to detect trace levels of multiple species in varying physical conditions, specifically high temperature is shown.Optical designs capable of allowing the measurement technique to be used in a variety of applications have been developed, specifically multi-pass gas absorption cells. The accurate, precise and high speed analysis of the resulting data is made possible by spectral analysis algorithms. These developments and techniques were then applied to high temperature spectroscopic measurements. Spectra recorded at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory were used to calibrate high temperature measurements. The performance of the technology was thoroughly tested at the National Physical Laboratory. The resulting sensors have since been used to study the exhaust gases produced by a variety engine types ranging from cars to ships as well as atmospheric measurements.

Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.

Download or read book Quantum Mechanics Volume 3 written by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, third volume of Cohen-Tannoudji's groundbreaking textbook covers advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as uncorrelated and correlated identical particles, the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field, absorption, emission and scattering of photons by atoms, and quantum entanglement. Written in a didactically unrivalled manner, the textbook explains the fundamental concepts in seven chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * Completing the success story: the third and final volume of the quantum mechanics textbook written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the books comes with a wealth of elaborately explained examples and applications Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.

Download or read book Critical Technologies Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diffusion in Materials DIMAT 2011 written by Igor Bezverkhyy and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Diffusion in Materials (DIMAT) is the benchmark conference series for diffusion in solids. DIMAT 2011 was organized by the University of Bourgogne in association with CNRS, Dijon (France). The conference showcased new results concerning theoretical tools as well as applied research approaches. Diffusion processes affect all types of materials: nanomaterials, materials for energy, metallurgy, glasses and ceramics, but each requires its own numerical tools. Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This volume comprises most of the contributions presented at DIMAT 2011: 4 plenary lectures delivered by famous high-level scientists plus 88 contributions in the form of keynote lectures, talks and posters.

Download or read book ZnO Thin Films written by Paolo Mele and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor with versatile applications such as optical devices in ultraviolet region, piezoelectric transducers, transparent electrode for solar cells and gas sensors. This book "ZnO Thin Films: Properties, Performance and Applications" gives a deep insight in the intriguing science of zinc oxide thin films. It is devoted to cover the most recent advances and reviews the state of the art of ZnO thin films applications involving energy harvesting, microelectronics, magnetic devices, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, optics, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, electrochemistry, temperature sensing. It serves as a fundamental information source on the techniques and methodologies involved in zinc oxide thin films growth, characterization, post-deposition plasma treatments and device processing. This book will be invaluable to the experts to consolidate their knowledge and provide insight and inspiration to beginners wishing to learn about zinc oxide thin films.

Download or read book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials written by David Adler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute for Amorphous Studies was founded in 1982 as the international center for the investigation of amorphous mate rials. It has since played an important role in promoting the und er standing of disordered matter in general. An Institute lecture series on "Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials and Devices" was held during 1982-83 with distinguished speakers from universities and industry. These events were free and open to the public ,and were attended by many representatives of the scientific community. The lectures themselves were highly successful inasmuch as they provided not only formal instruction but also an opportunity for vigorous and stimulating debate. That last element could not be captured within the pages of a book I but the lectures concentrated on the latest advances in the field I which is why their essential contents are he re reproduced in collective form. Together they constitute an interdisciplinary status report of the field. The speakers brought many different viewpoints and a variety of back ground experiences io bear on the problems involved I but though language and conventions vary I the essential unity of the concerns is very clear I as indeed are the ultimate benefits of the many-sided approach.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Human Computer Interaction written by Andrew F. Monk and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Human-Computer Interaction aims to sensitize the systems designer to the problems faced by the user of an interactive system. The book grew out of a course entitled ""The User Interface: Human Factors for Computer-based Systems"" which has been run annually at the University of York since 1981. This course has been attended primarily by systems managers from the computer industry. The book is organized into three parts. Part One focuses on the user as processor of information with studies on visual perception; extracting information from printed and electronically presented text; and human memory. Part Two on the use of behavioral data includes studies on how and when to collect behavioral data; and statistical evaluation of behavioral data. Part Three deals with user interfaces. The chapters in this section cover topics such as work station design, user interface design, and speech communication. It is hoped that this book will be read by systems engineers and managers concerned with the design of interactive systems as well as graduate and undergraduate computer science students. The book is also suitable as a tutorial text for certain courses for students of Psychology and Ergonomics.

Download or read book Scientific Canadian Mechanics Magazine and Patent Office Record written by Canada. Patent Office and published by . This book was released on 1966-03 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies Vol 13 2010 2011 written by Catherine Barnard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies provides a forum for the scrutiny of significant issues in EU Law, the law of the European Convention on Human Rights, and Comparative Law with a 'European' dimension, and particularly those issues which have come to the fore during the year preceding publication. The contributions appearing in the collection are commissioned by the Centre for European Legal Studies (CELS) Cambridge, a research centre in the Law Faculty of the University of Cambridge specialising in European legal issues. The papers presented are at the cutting edge of the fields which they address, and reflect the views of recognised experts drawn from the University world, legal practice, and the institutions of both the EU and its Member States. Inclusion of the comparative dimension brings a fresh perspective to the study of European law, and highlights the effects of globalisation of the law more generally, and the resulting cross fertilisation of norms and ideas that has occurred among previously sovereign and separate legal orders. The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies is an invaluable resource for those wishing to keep pace with legal developments in the fast moving world of European integration. INDIVIDUAL CHAPTERS Please click on the link below to purchase individual chapters from Volume 13 through Ingenta Connect: www.ingentaconnect.com SUBSCRIPTION TO SERIES To place an annual online subscription or a print standing order through Hart Publishing please click on the link below. Please note that any customers who have a standing order for the printed volumes will now be entitled to free online access. www.hartjournals.co.uk/cyels/subs Editorial Advisory Board: Albertina Albors-Llorens, John Bell, Alan Dashwood, Simon Deakin, David Feldman, Richard Fentiman, Angus Johnston, John Spencer Founding Editors: Alan Dashwood and Angela Ward Ius Commune Prize 2012 Alexandre Saydé wrote Chapter 15 in this volume entitled: 'One Law, Two Competitions: An Enquiry into the Contradictions of Free Movement Law' and we are delighted to announce that he has been awarded the Ius Commune Prize 2012.

Download or read book Unidentified written by Robert Salas and published by Career Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969 the U.S. Air Force issued a statement that read' "No UFO reported, investigated and evaluated by the Air Force was ever an indication of threat to our national security." This statement is patently false. It has been proven untrue by the testimony of many military officers and airmen and documentation of incidents involving UFOs and nuclear weapons, testimonies of which the U.S. Air Force was fully aware. Unidentified details many of these testimonies, some for the first time. As partial justification for its position, the Air Force cites a University of Colorado study that was contracted and paid for by federal funds. Unidentified reveals how this study was actually just another part of the plan to cover up the reality of the UFO phenomenon. For the first time, Unidentified publishes evidence that the investigators for the Colorado study knew about the UFO-related missile shutdown incidents but did not investigate them or include them in their final report.

Download or read book Lost Secrets of the Sacred Ark written by Laurence Gardner and published by HarperCollins UK. This book was released on 2004 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ark of the Covenant is the source of one of the deepest mysteries of the Western world. Laurence Gardner has accessed Rosicrucian archives to reveal where the Ark is, what it is and how this lost secret of the distant past has led to the phenomenal new science of space-time manipulation.