Download or read book Species Distributions and Trait environment Correlations written by Reid Landen Morehouse and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crayfish occur on every continent, except for Antarctica and Africa excluding Madagascar, and are a very diverse group of freshwater crustaceans with over 600 species. Crayfish are keystone species, ecosystems engineers, and make up the majority of invertebrate biomass in the systems they inhabit. In Oklahoma, there are 30 known species from six genera, with representatives from the three general ecological morphs that are defined by their burrowing behavior (burrowing types). In the first chapter, I provide a general overview and a synthesis of the questions addressed in my dissertation. The second chapter provides an in-depth account of Oklahoma's crayfish and their biology, including an illustrated dichotomous key for species identification, individual species descriptions with color photographs, and detailed distribution maps. This chapter provided the foundation for research on crayfish biology in my subsequent chapters. Specifically, my studies focused on the 27 epigean species of Oklahoma to address questions regarding the effects of climate change and land use on species distributions (Chapter 3), quantifying morphological variation among taxa to test of the role of evolutionary convergence among burrowing types (Chapter 4), and investigating whether and how trophic resource partitioning can mediate the coexistence of sympatric species (Chapter 5). In Chapter 3, my results suggested that different crayfish burrowing types were affected by distinct bioclimatic variables. Crayfish distributions, however, did not appear to be negatively affected by climate change, and habitat destruction is likely a driving factor in the decline of crayfish. Differences among burrowing types were also highlighted in Chapter 4, which indicated consistent morphological trait variation in species of the same burrowing type, irrespective of taxonomic affiliation, providing evidence for convergent evolution in crayfish morphology. Finally, in Chapter 5, stable isotope analyses indicated that some crayfish species pairs partition their food resources, but there is also evidence for overlap in dietary niches. Overall, my dissertation provides a foundation for the study of crayfish within Oklahoma and surrounding states and provides a basis of better understanding the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that have lead to and contributed to maintaining crayfish diversity in North America.
Download or read book A Mechanistic Approach to Plankton Ecology written by Thomas Kiørboe and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three main missions of any organism--growing, reproducing, and surviving--depend on encounters with food and mates, and on avoiding encounters with predators. Through natural selection, the behavior and ecology of plankton organisms have evolved to optimize these tasks. This book offers a mechanistic approach to the study of ocean ecology by exploring biological interactions in plankton at the individual level. The book focuses on encounter mechanisms, since the pace of life in the ocean intimately relates to the rate at which encounters happen. Thomas Kiørboe examines the life and interactions of plankton organisms with the larger aim of understanding marine pelagic food webs. He looks at plankton ecology and behavior in the context of the organisms' immediate physical and chemical habitats. He shows that the nutrient uptake, feeding rates, motility patterns, signal transmissions, and perception of plankton are all constrained by nonintuitive interactions between organism biology and small-scale physical and chemical characteristics of the three-dimensional fluid environment. Most of the book's chapters consist of a theoretical introduction followed by examples of how the theory might be applied to real-world problems. In the final chapters, mechanistic insights of individual-level processes help to describe broader population dynamics and pelagic food web structure and function.
Download or read book Mapping Species Distributions written by Janet Franklin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maps of species' distributions or habitat suitability are required for many aspects of environmental research, resource management and conservation planning. These include biodiversity assessment, reserve design, habitat management and restoration, species and habitat conservation plans and predicting the effects of environmental change on species and ecosystems. The proliferation of methods and uncertainty regarding their effectiveness can be daunting to researchers, resource managers and conservation planners alike. Franklin summarises the methods used in species distribution modeling (also called niche modeling) and presents a framework for spatial prediction of species distributions based on the attributes (space, time, scale) of the data and questions being asked. The framework links theoretical ecological models of species distributions to spatial data on species and environment, and statistical models used for spatial prediction. Providing practical guidelines to students, researchers and practitioners in a broad range of environmental sciences including ecology, geography, conservation biology, and natural resources management.
Download or read book Handbook of Trait Based Ecology written by Francesco de Bello and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trait-based ecology is rapidly expanding. This comprehensive and accessible guide covers the main concepts and tools in functional ecology.
Download or read book Metacommunity Ecology Volume 59 written by Mathew A. Leibold and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions, selection, and stochasticity—with larger-scale issues such as dispersal and habitat heterogeneity. Until now, the field has focused on evaluating the relative importance of distinct processes, with niche-based environmental sorting on one side and neutral-based ecological drift and dispersal limitation on the other. This book moves beyond these artificial categorizations, showing how environmental sorting, dispersal, ecological drift, and other processes influence metacommunity structure simultaneously. Mathew Leibold and Jonathan Chase argue that the relative importance of these processes depends on the characteristics of the organisms, the strengths and types of their interactions, the degree of habitat heterogeneity, the rates of dispersal, and the scale at which the system is observed. Using this synthetic perspective, they explore metacommunity patterns in time and space, including patterns of coexistence, distribution, and diversity. Leibold and Chase demonstrate how these processes and patterns are altered by micro- and macroevolution, traits and phylogenetic relationships, and food web interactions. They then use this scale-explicit perspective to illustrate how metacommunity processes are essential for understanding macroecological and biogeographical patterns as well as ecosystem-level processes. Moving seamlessly across scales and subdisciplines, Metacommunity Ecology is an invaluable reference, one that offers a more integrated approach to ecological patterns and processes.
Download or read book Joint Species Distribution Modelling written by Otso Ovaskainen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-11 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of joint species distribution modelling, covering statistical analyses in light of modern community ecology theory.
Download or read book Rates of Evolution written by Philip D. Gingerich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of evolutionary rates, analyzing data from laboratory, field and fossil record studies to extract their underlying generation-to-generation rates.
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental and Ecological Statistics written by Alan E. Gelfand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook focuses on the enormous literature applying statistical methodology and modelling to environmental and ecological processes. The 21st century statistics community has become increasingly interdisciplinary, bringing a large collection of modern tools to all areas of application in environmental processes. In addition, the environmental community has substantially increased its scope of data collection including observational data, satellite-derived data, and computer model output. The resultant impact in this latter community has been substantial; no longer are simple regression and analysis of variance methods adequate. The contribution of this handbook is to assemble a state-of-the-art view of this interface. Features: An internationally regarded editorial team. A distinguished collection of contributors. A thoroughly contemporary treatment of a substantial interdisciplinary interface. Written to engage both statisticians as well as quantitative environmental researchers. 34 chapters covering methodology, ecological processes, environmental exposure, and statistical methods in climate science.
Download or read book The Theory of Ecological Communities MPB 57 written by Mark Vellend and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A plethora of different theories, models, and concepts make up the field of community ecology. Amid this vast body of work, is it possible to build one general theory of ecological communities? What other scientific areas might serve as a guiding framework? As it turns out, the core focus of community ecology—understanding patterns of diversity and composition of biological variants across space and time—is shared by evolutionary biology and its very coherent conceptual framework, population genetics theory. The Theory of Ecological Communities takes this as a starting point to pull together community ecology's various perspectives into a more unified whole. Mark Vellend builds a theory of ecological communities based on four overarching processes: selection among species, drift, dispersal, and speciation. These are analogues of the four central processes in population genetics theory—selection within species, drift, gene flow, and mutation—and together they subsume almost all of the many dozens of more specific models built to describe the dynamics of communities of interacting species. The result is a theory that allows the effects of many low-level processes, such as competition, facilitation, predation, disturbance, stress, succession, colonization, and local extinction to be understood as the underpinnings of high-level processes with widely applicable consequences for ecological communities. Reframing the numerous existing ideas in community ecology, The Theory of Ecological Communities provides a new way for thinking about biological composition and diversity.
Download or read book Functional Traits as Indicators of Past Environmental Changes written by Vincent Jassey and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eco Evolutionary Dynamics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings Written by leading experts in the field Highlights areas for future investigation
Download or read book Plant Functional Traits for Improving Productivity written by Narendra Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Building and Delivering Sustainability Solutions Insights Methods and Case Studies written by Nathaniel K. Newlands and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustaining ecosystems to deliver what people need and value, while mitigating and adapting to global climate change and extreme event impacts, presents a complex set of environmental, economic, and social challenges in ensuring resilient and sustainable food production. The Climate Smart Landscape (CSL) approach has emerged as an integrated management strategy to address the increasing pressures on agricultural production, ecosystem conservation, rural livelihoods, climate change mitigation and adaptation. Deploying cheaper, more accurate, and efficient technology enables the harnessing of big data for use in solving sustainability challenges. With improved integrated analytical frameworks, statistical approaches, spatially- explicit models and indices, the CSL approach can be further developed and applied for more resilient, productive, and sustainable ecosystems. This eBook brings together original research, review, hypothesis, theory, and technology report articles, involving 87 authors from 9 countries across Asia, Europe, and North America. These articles present new methodological and technological innovation, findings, and insights across four themes: (1) landscape productivity and crop suitability, (2) variable crop requirements for water and nutrients, (3) crop health status, phenology, and phenotyping, and (4) crop disease assessment and prediction under integrated pest management (IPM).
Download or read book Issues in Global Environment Biology and Geoscience 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Global Environment: Biology and Geoscience: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Global Environment—Biology and Geoscience. The editors have built Issues in Global Environment: Biology and Geoscience: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Global Environment—Biology and Geoscience in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Global Environment: Biology and Geoscience: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Invasive Species written by Andrew P. Robinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the latest risk-based techniques to protect national interests from invasive pests and pathogens before, at and within national borders.
Download or read book Australian Vegetation written by R. H. Groves and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-07-21 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian vegetation has interested botanists and naturalists since Europeans first encountered Australia and its plant life. This 1994 edition of Australian Vegetation reviews the vegetation of the continent as a whole. In the introductory section, chapters on phytogeography, vegetation history and alien plants set the scene for further sections covering all the major vegetation types. The plant life of extreme Australian habitats is also discussed, and the book closes with a chapter on the conservation of Australian vegetation. Each chapter, written by experts on each particular habitat type, will inform and stimulate the interests of students and professional botanists, especially those fortunate enough to see for themselves the unique vegetation and flora of Australia.
Download or read book Leaf functional traits Ecological and evolutionary implications written by and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
