Download or read book Special Issue Triassic Jurassic Biodiversity Ecosystems and Climate in the Junggar Basin Xinjiang Northwest China written by Thomas Martin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Triassic Jurassic Biodiversity Ecosystems and Climate in the Junggar Basin Cinjiang Northwest China written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Triassic and Jurassic of the Junggar Basin China Advances in Palaeontology and Environments written by Jingeng Sha and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2024-02-14 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a compilation of recent scientific discoveries in the field of Earth sciences from Mesozoic rocks of the Junggar Basin, China. The Triassic and Jurassic strata of this basin are particularly important because they were deposited in a continental environment inside, or close to, the Arctic Circle. The successions of the Junggar Basin therefore provide a rare snapshot of a high-latitude seasonal continental ecosystem, at a time when dinosaurs roamed the Earth. The research papers within this volume cover a range of topics, spanning the fields of palaeontology, palaeogeography, sedimentology and geochemistry, and include studies from episodes of marked environmental perturbation, including the end-Triassic mass extinction (c. 201 Ma) and the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (c. 183 Ma). The scientific advances documented here contribute to the understanding of Mesozoic high-latitude continental environments, and are expected to lead to follow-up studies, facilitating further interdisciplinary collaborations in the future.

Download or read book Coal and Coalbed Gas written by Romeo M. Flores and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-24 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal and Coalbed Gas: Future Directions and Opportunities, Second Edition introduces the latest in coal geology research and the engineering of gas extraction. Importantly, the second edition examines how, over the last 10 years, research has both changed focus and where it is conducted. This shift essentially depicts "a tale of two worlds"—one half (Western Europe, North America) moving away from coal and coalbed gas research and production towards cleaner energy resources, and the other half (Asia–Pacific region, Eastern Europe, South America) increasing both research and usage of coal. These changes are marked by a precipitous fall in coalbed gas production in North America; however, at the same time there has been a significant rise in coal and coalbed gas production in Australia, China, and India. The driver for higher production and its associated research is a quest for affordable energy and economic security that a large resource base brings to any country like Australia's first large-scale coalbed gas to liquid natural gas projects supplying the demand for cleaner burning LNG to the Asian-Pacific region. Since the last edition of this book, global climate change policies have more forcibly emphasized the impact of methane from coal mines and placed these emissions equal to, or even more harmful than, CO2 emissions from fossil fuels in general. Governmental policies have prioritized capture, use, and storage of CO2, burning coal in new highly efficient low emission power plants, and gas pre-drainage of coal mines. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries and China are also introducing new research into alternative, non-fuel uses for coal, such as carbon fibers, nanocarbons, graphene, soil amendments, and as an unconventional ore for critical elements. New to this edition: Each chapter is substantially changed from the 1st edition including expanded and new literature citations and reviews, important new data and information, new features and materials, as well as re-organized and re-designed themes. Importantly, three new chapters cover global coal endowment and gas potential, groundwater systems related to coalbed gas production and biogenic gas generation as well as the changing landscape of coal and coalbed gas influenced by global climate change and net-zero carbon greenhouse gas emissions. FOREWORD When I reviewed the first edition of this book, my initial thought was, "Do we need another book on coal geology?" and then I read it and realised, "Yes, we need this book" and my students downloaded copies as soon as it was available. So now we come to 2023, and a lot has happened in the past decade. For a different reason we might ask if we still need this book, or even coal geoscientists and engineers, as the world aims for rapid decarbonisation of the energy sector and a reduction of coal as a feedstock for industrial resources, like steel manufacture.

Download or read book Life Sculpted written by Anthony J. Martin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As the co-discoverer of the first known burrowing dinosaur and a popular science author, Anthony J. Martin is an expert at explaining his fossil-finding work to broad audiences. In this engaging book, Martin uses modern and fossil traces to introduce readers to a menagerie of animals and other lifeforms that dig, crunch, bore, and otherwise reshape our planet. We meet elephants that dig ballroom-sized caves alongside volcanoes, parrotfishes that chew coral reefs and poop out sandy beaches, dinosaur-eating crocodiles, and moon snails that drill into clams, or even other moon snails. In a detective story that spans millions of years, ranging from microbes to whales, Martin shows how when life got hard, life got boring, using bodies and behavior to hide, eat, attack, and defend, affecting both our world and our understanding of evolution, climate, and life itself"--

Download or read book Fossil Plants and Environmental Changes During the Permian Triassic Transition in Northwest China written by Xiao Shi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Permian-Triassic transition is an important period in the Earth's history. The end-Permian mass extinction is the Earth's most severe known extinction event. Previous studies mainly focused on the biotic events in the ocean. Recently more and more researches on the terrestrial events during the Permian-Triassic transition attracted many attentions. The Junggar and Turpan basins of Northwest China command a unique and significant position in the study of terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) events as it contains well and continuously exposed PTB sections. The lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and cyclostratigraphy have been well established in the two basins. The problem we are trying to solve, based on paleobotanical studies associated with sedimentological analyses, is the environmental changes during the Permian-Triassic transition in the research area.The terrestrial facies in the Dalongkou section on the south flank of Junggar Basin and the Taoshuyuan section on the north flank of Turpan Basin have been selected as the researching ones for this thesis. The Permian-Triassic transition strata have been included in the “Wutonggou”, “Guodikeng” and “Jiucaiyuan” formations. Abundant fossil woods and plant impressions have been discovered and collected in these sections. Detailed sedimentary logs of the sections were drawn. The approach that we adopt to recognize the environmental changes is the fossil wood and plant impression species, growth-ring pattern, and sedimentary facies analysis.Five genera and six species of fossil woods were discovered. We establish three new genera: Junggaropitys, Xinjiangoxylon and a new genus (submitted for publication). The CSDM (Cumulative Sum of the Deviation from Mean diameter) curve was used to analyse the growth rings to determine the intraseasonal conditions and leaf longevity patterns of the trees. We recognise that Junggaropitys dalongkouensis is evergreen, and the leaf longevity may be 3-6 years; XTT-C-4 gen. et sp. nov. is evergreen too, and the leaf longevity may be 3 to 15 years. Septomedullopitys, Junggaropitys, Xinjiangoxylon and XTT-C-4 gen. nov. all show a Protophyllocladoxylon-type secondary xylem. According to palaeobiogeographic analysis, the Protophyllocladoxylon-type woods distributed mainly in the cool temperate climate zone of the southern hemisphere, various climate zones of the northern hemisphere and equatorial zone during the Late Paleozoic. The results of fossil woods analysis obtained in this research shows the climate in the Junggar terrane around the PTB was warm and humid and the temperature and precipitation remained relatively stable. It did not exist a heavy dryness in the earliest Triassic. Meanwhile, the Palaeo-Tethys megamonsoons did not influence the Junggar terrane along the east coast of mid-latitude Pangaea. Combined with the previously reported fossil woods, it shows that the climate had no prominent change from the Middle Permian to earliest Triassic.Plant fossil analysis show that the numbers of plant genera and species gradually decreased from 26 genera and 53 species in the Wuchiapingian, to 10 genera and 15 species in the Changhsingian, and only 6 genera and 7 species in the Induan. The trend in the plant assemblage reduction in the Junggar and Turpan basins appears to be indicative of a long, protracted extinction process that may have started well before the Permian-Triassic boundary. During the plant recovery period, the lycopsids (Annalepis) and ferns (Neocalamites and Pecopteris) played roles of pioneer species during the plant recovery period.

Download or read book The Late Triassic World written by Lawrence H. Tanner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the latest science on all significant geological and paleontological aspects of the Earth during the Late Triassic Period. Rather than presenting a collection of narrowly focused research papers, the volume consists of a series of peer-reviewed chapters on specific aspects of the Late Triassic world (e.g., tectonics, magmatism, paleobotany, climate, etc.), all authored by experts in the subject of their respective chapters. Each chapter reviews and summarizes the latest findings in these fields and also includes a review of the pertinent literature. The author list is very broadly international and forms a veritable who’s who of expertise in these fields. The book is loosely organized to present the physical aspects of Earth during the Late Triassic at the outset, followed by the paleontological aspects. The latter section is further organized to present the record of the marine environment first before moving onto land, with fauna followed by flora. The volume closes with a review of the end-Triassic extinctions.

Download or read book Insect Biodiversity written by Robert G. Foottit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-11 with total page 1635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume Two of the new guide to the study of biodiversity in insects Volume Two of Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society presents an entirely new, companion volume of a comprehensive resource for the most current research on the influence insects have on humankind and on our endangered environment. With contributions from leading researchers and scholars on the topic, the text explores relevant topics including biodiversity in different habitats and regions, taxonomic groups, and perspectives. Volume Two offers coverage of insect biodiversity in regional settings, such as the Arctic and Asia, and in particular habitats including crops, caves, and islands. The authors also include information on historical, cultural, technical, and climatic perspectives of insect biodiversity. This book explores the wide variety of insect species and their evolutionary relationships. Case studies offer assessments on how insect biodiversity can help meet the needs of a rapidly expanding human population, and examine the consequences that an increased loss of insect species will have on the world. This important text: Offers the most up-to-date information on the important topic of insect biodiversity Explores vital topics such as the impact on insect biodiversity through habitat loss and degradation and climate change With its companion Volume I, presents current information on the biodiversity of all insect orders Contains reviews of insect biodiversity in culture and art, in the fossil record, and in agricultural systems Includes scientific approaches and methods for the study of insect biodiversity The book offers scientists, academics, professionals, and students a guide for a better understanding of the biology and ecology of insects, highlighting the need to sustainably manage ecosystems in an ever-changing global environment.

Download or read book Hydrogeology Chemical Weathering and Soil Formation written by Allen Hunt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores soil as a nexus for water, chemicals, and biologically coupled nutrient cycling Soil is a narrow but critically important zone on Earth's surface. It is the interface for water and carbon recycling from above and part of the cycling of sediment and rock from below. Hydrogeology, Chemical Weathering, and Soil Formation places chemical weathering and soil formation in its geological, climatological, biological and hydrological perspective. Volume highlights include: The evolution of soils over 3.25 billion years Basic processes contributing to soil formation How chemical weathering and soil formation relate to water and energy fluxes The role of pedogenesis in geomorphology Relationships between climate soils and biota Soils, aeolian deposits, and crusts as geologic dating tools Impacts of land-use change on soils The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the Editors

Download or read book Fossil Floras of China Through the Geological Ages written by 李星学 and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Morphology and Evolution of Turtles written by Donald B. Brinkman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume celebrates the contributions of Dr. Eugene Gaffney to the study of turtles, through a diverse and complementary collection of papers that showcases the latest research on one of the most intriguing groups of reptiles. A mix of focused and review papers deals with numerous aspects of the evolutionary history of turtles, including embryonic development, origins, early diversification, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeography. Moreover it includes reports on important but poorly understood fossil turtle assemblages, provides historical perspectives on turtle research, and documents disease and variation in turtles. With its broad scope, which includes descriptions of material and new taxa from Australia, Asia, and Europe, as well as North and South America, this work will be an essential resource for anyone interested in the morphology and evolution of turtles. “This volume’s breadth of time, geography, and taxonomic coverage makes it a major contribution to the field and a ‘must have’ for all vertebrate paleontologists.”, James F. Parham, California State University, CA, USA “A comprehensive and sweeping overview of turtle evolution by the top experts in the field that will interest everyone curious about these unique reptiles.” Jason S. Anderson, University of Calgary, Canada “An invaluable addition to the literature that covers the full spectrum of approaches toward understanding the evolution of these noble creatures.” Ann C. Burke, Wesleyan University, CT , USA “A truly comprehensive volume that both the student of fossil turtles, as well as the general reader interested in these enigmatic creatures, will find fascinating.” Tyler Lyson, Yale University, CT, USA​

Download or read book Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy written by Kenneth P. Kodama and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy merges environmental magnetism, in which rock magnetic measurements are used to detect past environmental change, and cyclostratigraphy, in which cyclic variations of lithology or a sedimentary rock’s physical properties are related to astronomically-forced paleoclimate change. In addition to providing paleoclimate data, cyclostratigraphy can establish high-resolution chronostratigraphy for a sequence of sedimentary rocks, even at distant times in Earth’s history. This book provides an overview of concepts underlying these two techniques, recipes for the time series analysis of cyclostratigraphy, and case studies to illustrate the variety and breadth of problems addressed by rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy. New Analytical Methods in Earth and Environmental Science Because of the plethora of analytical techniques now available, and the acceleration of technological advance, many earth scientists find it difficult to know where to turn for reliable information on the latest tools at their disposal, and may lack the expertise to assess the relative strengths or limitations of a particular technique. This new series will address these difficulties by providing accessible introductions to important new techniques, lab and field protocols, suggestions for data handling and interpretation, and useful case studies. The series represents an invaluable and trusted source of information for researchers, advanced students and applied earth scientists wishing to familiarise themselves with emerging techniques in their field. All titles in this series are available in a variety of full-colour, searchable e-book formats.

Download or read book Cyclostratigraphy and Astrochronology written by Michael Montenari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-24 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stratigraphy and Time Scale, Volume Three in the Advances in Sequence Stratigraphy series, covers current research across many stratigraphic disciplines, providing information on the most recent developments for the geoscientific research community. This fully commissioned review publication aims to foster and convey progress in stratigraphy, including geochronology, magnetostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, event-stratigraphy, isotope stratigraphy, astrochronology, climatostratigraphy, seismic stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, ice core chronology, cyclostratigraphy, palaeoceanography, sequence stratigraphy, and more. Updated chapters include topics such as the Cyclostratigraphy of shallow-water carbonates – limitations and opportunities, Muschelkalk ramp cycles, Orbital Control on Paleozoic Source Rock Formation, and Cyclostratigraphy in different Jurassic carbonate ramps (Iberian Basin, NE Spain). - Contains contributions from leading authorities in the field - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Aims to foster and convey progress in stratigraphy, including geochronology, magnetostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, event-stratigraphy, and more

Download or read book Fossil Plants and Spores written by Tim P. Jones and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 1999 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress written by International Geological Congress and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vertebrate Microfossil Assemblages written by Julia T. Sankey and published by . This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents state-of-the-art papers on important topics and methods in the analysis of vertebrate microfossil assemblages. The minute remains of animals and plants have proven very useful to paleontologists as tools for dating large fossils, describing the environments which existed at the time the fossils were deposited, and identifying and mapping the extent of local floras and faunas, among other things. Due to the large sample sizes that can be obtained, the chance to recover rare taxa is much higher than it is during a search for skeletal remains. Analysis of the data produced from microvertebrate localities can address a wide range of questions as these papers clearly demonstrate.

Download or read book Fire Phenomena and the Earth System written by Claire M. Belcher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire plays a key role in Earth system processes. Wildfires influence the carbon cycle and the nutrient balance of our planet, and may even play a role in regulating the oxygen content of our atmosphere. The evolutionary history of plants has been intimately tied to fire and this in part explains the distribution of our ecosystems and their ability to withstand the effects of natural fires today. Fire Phenomena and the Earth System brings together the various subdisciplines within fire science to provide a synthesis of our understanding of the role of wildfire in the Earth system. The book shows how knowledge of fire phenomena and the nature of combustion of natural fuels can be used to understand modern wildfires, interpret fire events in the geological record and to understand the role of fire in a variety of Earth system processes. By bringing together chapters written by leading international researchers from a range of geological, environmental, chemical and engineering disciplines, the book will stimulate the exchange of ideas and knowledge across these subject areas. Fire Phenomena and the Earth System provides a truly interdisciplinary guide that can inform us about Earth’s past, present and beyond. Readership: Advanced students and researchers across a wide range of earth, environmental and life sciences, including biogeochemistry, paleoclimatology, atmospheric science, palaeontology and paleoecology, combustion science, ecology and forestry.