Download or read book Spatial Epidemiology of Birth Defects in the United States and the State of Utah Using Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Statistics written by Samson Yikealo Gebreab and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oral clefts are the most common form of birth defects in the United States (US) and the State of Utah has among the highest prevalence of oral clefts in the nation. The overall objective of this dissertation was to examine the spatial distribution of oral clefts and their linkage with a broad range of demographic, behavioral, social, economic, and environmental risk factors through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial statistics. Using innovative linked micromaps plots, we investigated the geographic patterns of oral clefts occurrence from 1998 to 2002 and their relationships with maternal smoking rates and proportion of American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AIAN) at large scales across the US. The findings indicated higher oral clefts occurrence in the southwest and the midwest and lower occurrence in the east. Furthermore, these spatial patterns were significantly related to the smoking rates and AIAN. Then at the small area level, hierarchical Bayesian models were built to examine the spatial variation iv in oral clefts risk in the State of Utah from 1995 to 2004 and to assess association with mothers using tobacco, mothers consuming alcohol during pregnancy, and the proportion of mothers with no high school diploma. Next, multi-scalar spatial clustering and cluster techniques were used to test the hypothesis whether there was spatial clustering of oral clefts anywhere in the State of Utah and whether there were statistically significant local clusters with elevated oral cleft cases. Results generally revealed modest spatial variation in oral clefts risk in the State of Utah, with no pronounced spatial clustering, indicating environmental exposures are unlikely plausible cause of oral clefts. However, a few notable areas within Tri-County Local Health District, Provo/Brigham Young University, and North Orem had a tendency toward elevated oral clefts cases. Investigation of the maternal characteristics of these potential clusters supports the hypotheses that maternal smoking, lower education level, and family history are possible causes of oral clefts. Throughout this dissertation, we demonstrated how birth defects data collected by state and local surveillance systems coupled with GIS and spatial statistics methods can be useful in exploratory etiologic research of birth defects.
Download or read book Birth Defects written by Adel Mburia-Mwalili and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birth defects are an important public health issue because they are the leading cause of infant mortality, causing one in every five infant deaths. Multiple factors cause some birth defects, however, the etiology of nearly half of all birth defects is unknown. Several factors affect birth defects surveillance in the United States (US) such as birth defects case ascertainment methods, pregnancy outcomes and the nomenclature used for coding birth defects. We reviewed literature on the challenges of birth defects surveillance in the US. Then we implemented two epidemiological studies using data from Nevada Birth Outcomes Monitoring System, a statewide population-based birth defects surveillance system and live birth certificate data for the period 2005–2011 to investigate the relationship between interpregnancy and birth defects. In addition, we examined the spatial patterns of birth defects and used a spatial scan statistic to identify spatial birth defects clusters at ZIP Code level. After adjusting for demographics and other confounders, the results showed that a long interpregnancy interval was independently associated with birth defects. Other independent risk factors for birth defects were male infants, advancing maternal age, Black women, three or more previous births, smoking, and prescription drug use. Additionally, it was clear that birth defects prevalence varies widely within Nevada counties. Furthermore, a statistically significant (p
Download or read book Utah Health Profile written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Utah Vital Statistics Annual Report written by Utah. State Division of Health and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Centers for Disease Control Birth Defects Study written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Hospitals and Health Care and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Spatial Evaluation of Neighborhood Clusters of Birth Defects written by Jonathan David Frisch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Utah written by Utah. State Department of Health. Bureau of Vital Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Directory of Published Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Birth Statistics for the Birth Registration Area of the United States written by United States. Bureau of the Census and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Morbidity and Mortality Report written by Utah. State Board of Health and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Congenital Anomalies and Birth Injuries Among Live Births United States 1973 74 written by National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) and published by National Center for Health Statistics. This book was released on 1978 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Download or read book Birth Defects written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Subcommittee on Children and Families and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Birth Defects Atlas and Compendium written by Daniel Bergsma and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 842 presently recognized birth defect syndromes are described in the Compendium, and 641 photographs of defects are presented in the Atlas. Separate tables of contents appear in English, French, German, and Spanish. Tables. Author index, extensive subject index.
Download or read book Utah s Vital Statistics written by Utah. Bureau of Vital Records and Health Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Birth Statistics for the Birth Registration Area of the United States written by United States. Bureau of the Census and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial Distribution of Orofacial Cleft Birth Defects and Uranium radium Concentrations in Tap Water in Atascosa Bee Brooks Calhoun Duval Goliad Hidalgo Jim Hogg Jim Wells Karnes Kleberg Live Oak McMullen Nueces San Patricio Refugio Starr Victoria Webb and Zavala Counties Texas written by Pranjal Gholkar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Past and recent evidence shows that radionuclides in drinking water may be a public health concern. Developmental thresholds for birth defects with respect to chronic low level domestic radiation exposures, such as through drinking water, have not been definitely recognized, and there is a strong need to address this deficiency in information. In this study we examined the geographic distribution of orofacial cleft birth defects in and around uranium mining district Counties in South Texas (Atascosa, Bee, Brooks, Calhoun, Duval, Goliad, Hidalgo, Jim Hogg, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kleberg, Live Oak, McMullen, Nueces, San Patricio, Refugio, Starr, Victoria, Webb, and Zavala), from 1999 to 2007. The probable association of cleft birth defect rates by ZIP codes classified according to uranium and radium concentrations in drinking water supplies was evaluated. Similar associations between orofacial cleft birth defects and radium/radon in drinking water were reported earlier by Cech and co-investigators in another of the Gulf Coast region (Harris County, Texas).50, 55 Since substantial uranium mining activity existed and still exists in South Texas, contamination of drinking water sources with radiation and its relation to birth defects is a ground for concern.
