Download or read book Sorption and Release of Pesticides in Soils written by Riaz Ahmad and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aims of this study were: 1. to examine the sorption behaviour of selected nonionic and ionic pesticides in a range of soils; 2. to characterise the nature of soil organic matter in a diverse group of soils and relate the structural and molecular variations of organic matter to sorption of nonionic pesticides; and 3. to study the release behaviour of carbaryl and ethion from two historically contaminated soils and to elucidate the mechanisms of their aging/sequestration. (abstract)
Download or read book Pesticides in Soils written by M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the occurrence and fate of pesticides in soils, their impact on soil quality and soil ecosystems, and it also provides a comprehensive overview of the latest prevention and remediation strategies of soil contamination. Chapters from expert contributors cover topics such as soil pollution monitoring, the role of dissolved organic matter on the environmental fate of pesticides in soils, the effects of pesticides on soil microbial communities, plant uptake of pesticides from soils, and nano-based pesticides. Particular attention is given to the latest physicochemical and biological technologies developed to immobilize or degrade pesticides, preventing soil and water pollution. Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers, professionals, including environmental chemists, engineers, ecologists, and policy-makers responsible for soil management.
Download or read book Sorption and Degradation of Pesticides and Organic Chemicals in Soil written by Daniel M. Linn and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports the current thinking on the role that adsorption may play in the rate and extent of an organic compound's degradation in the soil. Among the topics of the 14 papers are diazinon degradation and dissipation in the root zone, the reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene in wetland soils, and the utility of sorption and degradation parameters from the literature for site-specific pesticide impact assessments. Proceedings from an October 1991 symposium in Denver. No index. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Pesticide Soil Interactions written by Juan Cornejo and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2000 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This joint-authored book brings together approximately 50 current research methods developed and implemented in research laboratories in Europe to study pesticide/soil interactions. Its usefulness for researchers, teachers and professionals concerned by the environmental impact of pesticides was one of the major elements taken into consideration when structuring this book. It will be a valuable asset to chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, biologists and geologists interested in studying the behaviour of pesticides in soils.
Download or read book Pesticides in the Soil Environment written by Hwei-Hsien Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides in the soil environment - an overview. Pesticide sources to the soil and principles of spray physics. The retention processes: mechanisms. Sorption estimates for modeling. Abiotic transformations in water, sediments, and soil. Biological transformation processes of pesticides. Volatilization and vapor transport processes. Organic chemical transport to Groundwater. Movement of pesticides into surface waters. Modeling pesticide fate in soils. Efficacy of soil-applied pesticides. Impact of pesticides on the environment. Risk/benefit and regulations. Chemical index.
Download or read book Adsorption Movement and Biological Degradation of Large Concentrations of Selected Pesticides in Soils written by Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation Into Irreversible Sorption of Pesticides to Soil written by Laura Suddaby and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of extremely slow retention and release has superseded the notion that sorption of pesticides to soil is an instantaneous and reversible process. A fraction of sorbed pesticide is also often reported to bind irreversibly to the soil matrix. This has important implications for pesticide mobility and bioavailability. It is essential to understand sorption phenomena to allow accurate prediction of pesticide fate within the soil environment. This thesis describes the result of applying a sequential extraction procedure, based on the principles of isotope or "self-exchange", to nine pesticide/soil systems. The significance of irreversible sorption in controlling pesticide mobility was assessed using isotope exchange (12C and 14C) to characterise pesticide exchange kinetics in-situ over protracted time-scales. Sequential extraction increased in harshness in the order: isotope exchange forced isotope exchange solvent extraction. Three pesticides (one neutral, one basic, one acidic) and three temperate, arable soils (ranging in texture and pH) were studied. A three-site sorption model was developed to further interpret the data obtained. Although results showed the experimental design of the isotope exchange technique was not powerful enough to identify whether remaining sorbed pesticide was participating in slowly reversible or irreversible sorption, the forced isotope exchange procedure was able to provide an indication of amounts of pesticide not participating in exchange between the soil and solution. Under abiotic conditions, only minimal amounts of initial-applied pesticide were found to take part in irreversible binding. Soil combustion quantified irreversible sorption in the order: chlorotoluron (≤ 2.27 ± 0.36%) prometryn (≤ 1.35 ± 0.60%) hexaconazole (≤ 0.50 ± 0.06%). Varying the soil composition had little effect on amounts of irreversibly sorbed pesticide, probably due to the small amounts of irreversible sorption observed overall. These results suggest that the vast majority of sorbed chlorotoluron, prometryn and hexaconazole (in the parent form) participated in very slow but reversible binding, a result also confirmed by the three-site sorption model. Pesticide sorption behaviour is a complex process. Although sorption phenomena are still not fully understood, these results provide a greater insight into the significance of irreversible binding for predicting pesticide fate.
Download or read book Soilless Culture Theory and Practice written by Michael Raviv and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-12-27 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant production in hydroponics and soilless culture is rapidly expanding throughout the world, raising a great interest in the scientific community. For the first time in an authoritative reference book, authors cover both theoretical and practical aspects of hydroponics (growing plants without the use of soil). This reference book covers the state-of-the-art in this area, while offering a clear view of supplying plants with nutrients other than soil. Soilless Culture provides the reader with an understanding of the properties of the various soiless media and how these properties affect plant performance in relation to basic horticultural operations, such as irrigation and fertilization. This book is ideal for agronomists, horticulturalists, greenhouse and nursery managers, extension specialists, and people involved with the production of plants. * Comprehensive discussion of hydroponic systems, irrigation, and control measures allows readers to achieve optimal performance* State-of-the-art book on all theoretical aspects of hydroponics and soilless culture including a thorough description of the root system, its functions and limitation posed by restricted root volume* Critical and updated reviews of current analytical methods and how to translate their results to irrigation and fertilization practices * Definitive chapters on recycled, no-discharge systems including salinity and nutrition management and pathogen eradication * Up-to-date description of all important types of growing media
Download or read book Pesticides in Soil and Water written by W. D. Guenzi and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide-clay-water interactions; Pesticide organic matter interactions; Movement of pesticides in soil; Movement of pesticides in surface water; Volatilization of pesticides; nonbiological degradation of pesticides; Degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms; Persistence of pesticides in soil; Effects of soil on the biological activity of pesticides; Plant uptake of insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants from soils; Effects of pesticides on microorganisms in soil and water; Effects of pesticides on nontarget invertebrates in freshwater and soil; Prevention and detoxification of pesticide residues in soil; Removal of organic pesticides from water to improve quality; Extraction and analytical techniques for pesticides in soil, sediment, and water.
Download or read book Agrochemicals Detection Treatment and Remediation written by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agrochemicals Detection, Treatment and Remediation focuses on the latest research surrounding the detection and remediation of a new generation of agrochemical contaminants. The book defines the occurrence, sources, types and effects of agrochemicals, including herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and soil fumigants in the environment. The book covers both advanced physical and chemical methods for the abatement of these emerging contaminants in environmental media. Environmental Engineers and Researchers will find this to be a valuable reference on advanced processes for resource recovery, including nanotechnology for the recovery of phosphate from fertilizer industry wastewater. Provides the latest physical and chemical methods used for the abatement of chemical fertilizers and pesticides Covers genetically engineered microbes for the remediation of a wide range of agrochemicals Presents methods for determining the occurrence, sources, types and effects of agrochemical on environmental media Includes unique case studies from across the globe
Download or read book Residue Reviews written by Francis A. Gunther and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That residues of pesticide and other contaminants in the total environment are of concern to everyone everywhere is attested by the reception accorded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifying enthusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all the in dividuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious question that pest-control chemicals and food-additive chemicals are essential to adequate food production, manufacture, marketing, and storage, yet without continuing surveillance and intelligent control some of those that persist in our foodstuffs could at times conceivably endanger the public health. Ensuring safety-in-use of these many chemicals is a dynamic challenge, for established ones are continually being dis placed by newly developed ones more acceptable to food tech nologists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, and changing pest-control requirements in progressive food-producing economies. These matters are of genuine concern to increasing numbers of governmental agencies and legislative bodies around the world, for some of these chemicals have resulted in a few mishaps from improper use. Adequate safety-in-use evaluations of any of these chemicals per sisting into our foodstuffs are not simple matters, and they incorporate the considered judgments of many individuals highly trained in a variety of complex biological, chemical, food technological, medical, pharmacological, and toxicologial disciplines.
Download or read book Pesticides in the Soil Environment written by Shahamat U. Khan and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fate And Prediction Of Environmental Chemicals In Soils Plants And Aquatic Systems written by Mohammed Mansour and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fate and Prediction of Environmental Chemicals in Soils, Plants, and Aquatic Systems focuses on the chemical persistence and ecotoxicological behavior of pesticides in soil, water, and plants. The book examines recent developments in research on various substances and relays information regarding transport, adsorption, absorption, accumulation, degradation, biological effects, toxicity to aquatic organisms, air pollution, exposure, and risk estimation. Leading international scientists present their advances in analytical methodology and instrumentation in the fields of agrochemicals and environmental chemistry. This useful review of data, methods, and principles will benefit environmental researchers, managers, biologists, chemists, pharmacologists, and others interested in assessing the potential for contamination of soil, air, water, and plants.
Download or read book Analysis of the Sensitivity of Soils to the Leaching of Agricultural Pesticides in Ohio written by Charles W. Schalk and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transport Fate of Chemicals in Soils written by H. Magdi Selim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last four decades, tremendous advances have been made towards the understanding of transport characteristics of contaminants in soils, solutes, and tracers in geological media. Transport & Fate of Chemicals in Soils: Principles & Applications offers a comprehensive treatment of the subject complete with supporting examples of mathematical models that describe contaminants reactivity and transport in soils and aquifers. This approach makes it a practical guide for designing experiments and collecting data that focus on characterizing retention as well as release kinetic reactions in soils and contaminant transport experiments in the laboratory, greenhouse), and in the field. The book provides the basic framework of the principals governing the sorption and transport of chemicalsin soils. It focuses on physical processes such as fractured media, multiregion, multiple porosities, and heterogeneity and effect of scale as well as chemical processes such as nonlinear kinetics, release and desorption hysteresis, multisite and multireaction reactions, and competitive-type reactions. The coverage also includes details of sorption behavior of chemicals with soil matrix surfaces as well the integration of sorption characteristics with mechanisms that govern solute transport in soils. The discussions of applications of the principles of sorption and transport are not restricted to contaminants, but also include nitrogen, phosphorus, and trace elements including essential micronutrients, heavy metals, military explosives, pesticides, and radionuclides. Written in a very clear and easy-to-follow language by a pioneer in soil science, this book details the basic framework of the physical and chemical processes governing the transport of contaminants, trace elements, and heavy metals in soils. Highly practical, it includes laboratory methods, examples, and empirical formulations. The approach taken by the author gives you not only the fundamentals of understanding of reactive chemicals retention and their transport in soils and aquifers, but practical guidance you can put to immediate use in designing experiments and collecting data.
Download or read book New Pesticides and Soil Sensors written by Alexandru Grumezescu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Pesticides and Soil Sensors, a volume in the Nanotechnology in the Agri-Food Industry series, is a practical resource that demonstrates how nanotechnology is a highly attractive tool that offers new options for the formulation of ‘nanopesticides’. Recent advances in nanopesticide research is reviewed and divided into several themes, including improvement of the water solubility of poorly soluble pesticide active ingredients to improve bioavailability and the encapsulation of pesticide active ingredients within permeable nanoparticles with the aim of releasing pesticide active ingredients in a controlled or targeted manner, while also protecting active ingredients from premature photo-degradation. Provides examples of pesticide formulations that contain inorganic and organic nanoparticles Includes general principles and the most recent applications of chemical sensors and multisensory systems for the assessment of soils and main soil nutrition component detection Presents the main benefits and drawbacks of chemical sensors and their employment in soil analysis for further applications Describes current issues of pesticide use, environmental contamination, bioaccumulation, and increases in pest resistance which demands a reduction in the quantity of pesticides applied for crop and stored product protection
Download or read book The Future of Soil Carbon written by Carlos Garcia and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Future of Soil Carbon: Its Conservation and Formation provides readers with an integrative approach to understanding the important role of organic carbon in soil functioning and fertility. Terrestrial interactions between SOC and complex human-natural systems require new fundamental and applied research into regional and global SOC budgets. This book provides new and synthesized information on the dynamics of SOC in the terrestrial environment. In addition to rigorous state-of-the art on soil science, the book also provides strategies to avoid risks of soil carbon losses. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a vital component of soils, with important and far-reaching effects on the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Human activities over the last several decades have significantly changed the regional and global balance of SOC, greatly exacerbating global warming and climate change. Provides a holistic overview of soil carbon status and main threats for its conservation Offers innovative solutions to conserve soil carbon Includes in-depth treatment of regional and global changes in soil organic carbon budget
