Download or read book Soot Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Aircraft Turbine Engine Exhaust by Gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry written by Narciso Raya-Ruiz and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soot samples were extracted in methylene chloride and concentrated in a Kuderna-Danish apparatus.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 38 reports theses submitted in 1993, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Trace Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs in Diesel Engine Exhaust Samples with GC MS and GC MS MS written by Lijie Feng and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Diesel Particulate Matter written by Mario J. Mena (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particular matter (PM, e.g. soot, dust etc.) of a certain size is known to be hazardous to human health. These particles are small enough to travel through our respiratory system and induce respiratory illness by introducing foreign bodies and toxic chemicals to our systems. For instance, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), is an example of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) frequently found in or on PM known to have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are by-products of incomplete combustion such as vehicle emissions. Thus, when PM are airborne, they can interact with semi-volatile molecules such as PAH. In turn, the newly coupled system may penetrate our respiratory system. In addition to PAH, nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs, i.e. 1-nitro-pyrene) are being recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 2a compound (probably carcinogenic to humans). This study aims to identify chemical signatures of forest fire and automobile emissions using ratios of PAH and its oxidants, including nitro-PAH, in a variety of media (e.g. soil, soot, PM). Nitro-PAH (NPAHs) are usually found in/on course/fine particular matter at concentrations on the order of 2ng/mL to 200ng/mL (Heidelore et al. 1991, Eiguren-Fernandez et al 2004). Therefore, a very sensitive technique is needed to detect NPAHs in various matrices representative of those found in the environment. This study will use the following PAH ratios to differentiate sources of incomplete combustion: B[a]P to (B[a]P+chrysene; pyrene to B[a]P; fluoranthrene to pyrene; and fluoranthrene to (fluoranthrene+pyrene). As for the NPAH:PAH ratios, the following will be used: 1-nitro-pyrene to pyrene; 6-nitro-chyresene to chrysene; and 6-nitro-benzo[a]pyrene to benzo[a]pyrene. Extractions of PAH will be performed using the accelerated solvent extraction technique. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy will be used to identify and quantify analytes. The results of this study may be used to inform citizens, city planners and lawmakers about the impacts of high-traffic events on human health.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Sade H Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cited in Sheehy, Chen, and Hurt . Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) reports a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 US universities. As in previous volumes, thesis titles are arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline. Any accredited university or college with a grad
Download or read book Large C 24 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by John C. Fetzer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-08-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polycyclische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (PAHs) gehören zu den ersten Chemikalien, die als krebserregend für den Menschen erkannt wurden. Erstmals werden in diesem Buch PAHs mit mehr als sieben Ringen auf modernem Stand systematisch abgehandelt. Spezielle Kapitel beschäftigen sich mit Probenvorbereitung und -handling; auch ein Vergleich verschiedener Analyseverfahren ist enthalten. Besonders nützlich für den Laboralltag ist ein ausführlicher Anhang mit Strukturformeln sowie UV-Absorptions- und Fluoreszenz-Emissionsspektren von fast 50 Verbindungen.
Download or read book Characterization of Soot Particles and Their Precursors Produced During the Combustion of Conventional and Alternative Fuels written by Thi Linh Dan Ngo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in biofuels has increased significantly in recent years as they could reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to carbon-neutral growth. The influence of using biofuels on their exhaust emissions (CO,CO_2,NO_x,HC, etc.) has been studied widely. However, the effects of the nature of these alternative fuels on the physical and chemical properties of the particles and aromatic species produced are not fully understood. As part of this thesis work, we aim to study the emissions of soot particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the combustion of conventional and alternative fuels (biofuels) relevant to the automotive and aerospace sectors, while trying to highlight their influence on the formation of such pollutants. To achieve this goal, two laboratory combustors, a swirled turbulent jet burner and a Combustion Aerosol STandard (CAST), were used as soot generators. In addition, we have combined various complementary in-situ laser techniques, laser-induced incandescence and fluorescence (LII/LIF), and ex-situ two-step laser mass spectrometry (L2MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In a swirled turbulent jet flame for five fuels (Diesel, n-butanol, 50/50 Diesel/n-butanol mixture, Jet A1 and Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene SPK), the LII and LIF profiles and properties of soot particles and their precursors with the height in the flame as well as their chemical composition were studied. Strong correlations between the results obtained with in-situ and ex-situ techniques have been demonstrated which allowed us to characterize these species spectrally and chemically. In addition, a new calibration method has been developed to directly deduce the soot volume fraction from the LII signal using the absolute radiance emitted from a light source having black body behavior. In parallel, experiments using the CAST device were conducted with aeronautical fuels (Jet A1 and SPK). In addition to the influence of the alternative fuel, the effects of a catalytic stripper (CS) on soot particles and volatile species were examined.
Download or read book Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry and Method Development in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography written by Jari Tuominen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Derivatives in Ambient Aerosols Using 1 D and 2 D Gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry Methods written by Zhong Ren and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Master s Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Download or read book Lettre du gentil homme volontaire sur ce qui s est pass en Piedmont d s le 26 de juillet jusques au 6 jour d Aoust 1628 Sous la conduitte de monsieur le marquis d Uxelles written by and published by . This book was released on 1628 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soot written by R. J. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel Exhaust Particulate by High Resolution Capillary Column Gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry written by Bruce A. Petersen and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Applications of Laser Diagnostics written by Yoshihiro Deguchi and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tighter regulations of harmful substances such as NOx, CO, heavy metals, particles, emissions from commercial plants and automobiles reflect a growing demand for lowering the anthropogenic burdens on the environment. It is equally important to monitor controlling factors to improve the operation of industrial machinery and plants. Among the many me
Download or read book The Analysis of Particulate and Vapor Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Samples Using Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometric Detection written by Kathleen P. Duggan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are products of the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous material emanating from many sources including forest fires, furnaces, and gasoline or diesel motor exhausts. Large PAHs have low vapor pressures and readily adsorb on to particulate matter. Particulates may remain in the atmosphere for prolonged periods of time and pose a threat to ecosystems if present at elevated levels. Smaller PAHs, such as naphthalene and fluorene, have relatively high vapor pressures and are more likely to be present in the vapor phase. Thus, it is important to determine PAH levels present in both the vapor phase and the particulate phase. Particulate-bound and vapor phase PAHs were collected at a low-, medium- and high-traffic area in Halifax, N.S. Pressure-assisted solvent extraction and sonication were chosen for extraction of PAHs from filters and polyurethane foams, respectively. HPLC/Fluorescence was the technique chosen for the identification and quantification of PAHs and GC/MS was used to monitor selectively air samples for alkylated PAHs in order to obtain possible fingerprints of the sources of these pollutants.
Download or read book The Identification and Quantitation of Complex Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures in Environmental Samples Using Comprehensive Two dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time of flight Mass Spectrometry written by Carlos Andres Manzano and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants and are mostly products of the incomplete combustion of organic material. PAHs are often found in environmental samples as a complex mixture of isomers. In addition, the same sources that produce complex PAH mixtures also produce other poorly characterized mixtures of organic compounds, commonly referred to as an unresolved complex mixture (UCM), that act as matrix interferences in the chromatographic analysis of samples. Conventional one-dimensional chromatographic techniques, such as gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS), are not sufficient for the analysis and quantitation of complex PAH mixtures present in environmental samples due to the high degree of overlap in compound vapor pressures, boiling points, and mass spectral fragmentation patterns. Therefore, the separation and quantitation of complex mixtures of individual PAH compounds in environmental samples requires high chromatographic resolution. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/ToF-MS) was used for this study. GCxGC/ToF-MS uses two different gas chromatographic columns, with different separation mechanisms, for the analysis of complex environmental samples. In theory, the peak capacity in GCxGC/ToF-MS is equivalent to the product of the individual peak capacities of each column used. However, in practice, this is rarely obtained because of the existing correlation between the two GC columns used. This dissertation is a compilation of three studies related to analytical method development for the identification and quantitation of complex PAH mixtures (including parent-PAHs, alkyl-PAHs, oxy-PAHs, nitro-PAHs, thio-PAHs, chloro-PAHs, bromo-PAHs and PAHs with molecular weight higher than 300 Da) that may be present in environmental samples using novel column combinations in GCxGC/ToF-MS. The use of a liquid crystal column (LC-50) in the first dimension, followed by a nano-stationary phase column (NSP-35) in the second dimension, was evaluated for the separation of a standard PAH mixture containing 97 different PAHs. Two standard reference materials purchased from NIST (NIST SRM1650b - Diesel Particulate Matter and NIST SRM1975 - Diesel Extract) were used, after extraction and cleanup, for method validation and comparison between the commonly used non-polar x polar column combination and the LC-50 x NSP-35 column combination with high orthogonality. As part of the method validation, an aliquot of NIST SRM1975 (Diesel extract), without sample cleanup was also analyzed for PAHs, showing that the LC-50 x NSP-35 column combination was accurate (with an average absolute percent difference of approximately 30%) for the identification and quantitation of complex PAH mixtures in environmental samples, with reduced sample preparation prior to analysis. In addition, the LC-50 x NSP-35 column combination was used for the analysis of PAHs sorbed to polystyrene pellets deployed in an urban bay area as passive water samplers because one-dimensional GC/MS was ineffective due to the presence of a strong unresolved complex mixture (UCM) and matrix interferences.
Download or read book Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Human Plasma by Solid Phase Extraction gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry written by Nor Amiera Mohd. Norizan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
