Download or read book Some Studies in Deconvoluting Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectra written by King-Fung Ho and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Some Studies in Deconvoluting Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectra" by King-fung, Ho, 何競豐, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled SOME STUDIES IN DECONVOLUTING COINCIDENCE DOPPLER BROADENING SPECTRA submitted by Ho King Fung for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in August 2001 Recent years have seen a renewed interest in the technique of Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS) in which one dimensional electronic momenta in materials are studied by means of both gamma ray energies emitted in the process of positron annihilation. Advantages of CDBS over conventional positron Doppler spectroscopy are its 40% improved resolution and its much reduced background at high momenta. The present work capitalizes on the fact that CDBS row data is in the form of a 2D image, with excellent prospects for implementing deblurring algorithms for the removal of the instrumental error of measurement that arise from the availability of an accurate point spread function in the 85 reference gamma ray line of Sr at 514keV. The generalized least square method with Tikonov-Miller regularization is introduced by incorporating a priori information of non- negativity into the mathematical regularization technique for solution of operator equations. By means of Monte-Carlo method, the simulated observed function and instrumental function have been generated and deconvoluted so as to obtain the optimal regularization parameter, size of matrices, number of counts and choice of derivative for the norm. Under the current resources, spectra which are as large as 1024x1024 matrix size can be deconvoluted in a reasonable period of time. The resulting "constrained regularization" method is found to achieve both stable computations and good resolution levels. It is shown that successful deconvolution of CDBS data is a promising area of endeavour with the potential for producing momentum distributions of a quality comparable to those of the angular correlation technique but with significantly faster data accumulation rates. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2977372 Subjects: Laser spectroscopy Spectrum analysis - Deconvolution

Download or read book Some Studies in Deconvoluting Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectra written by King-fung Ho and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Optimized Deconvoluted Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy and Deep Level Transient Spectroscopies with Applications to Various Semiconductor Materials written by Jingdong Zhang and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Development of Optimized Deconvoluted Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy and Deep Level Transient Spectroscopies With Applications to Various Semiconductor Materials" by Jingdong, Zhang, 張敬東, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIMIZED DECONVOLUTED COINCIDENCE DOPPLER BROADENING SPECTROSCOPY AND DEEP LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPIES WITH APPLICATIONS TO VARIOUS SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS Submitted by Zhang Jing Dong for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in September 2006 Both Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS) and Deep Level Spectroscopy (DLS) are techniques used to study defect structures in solids. The former is a non-destructive technique particularly useful for studying vacancy type defects in condensed matter. DLS, on the other hand, is an electrical characterization tool for investigating deep energy levels of defects inside the energy band gap of a semiconductor. In this thesis, the basic physics behind PAS and DLS was reviewed together with the various experimental set-ups required to implement them. A full description was provided of a newly constructed digital DLS spectrometer that can perform both DLTS (Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy) and DLOS (Deep Level Optical Spectroscopy). Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS) is one of the popular PAS techniques due to its ability to measure the high electron momentum components in bulk and defect states. At low momentum, however, it suffers from the problem of poor instrumental resolution. Various CDBS deconvolution algorithms have been investigated to enhance the resolution at low momentum. It was shown that the Richardson-Lucy (RL) algorithm gives CDBS deconvolution results approaching the quality of 1D angular correlation or annihilation radiation (ACAR) spectroscopy, with the advantages of retaining the high momentum components and requiring no complex tent function corrections. The RL-CDBS technique has been tested against theory and 1D-ACAR results for different metals and found to obtain slightly superior results than other existing algorithms while using far less computer resources. Major PAS studies have been carried out on bulk and 10MeV electron irradiated Si and 300keV and 1.5MeV SiC. For bulk Si, the different shapes of the low momentum densities for different directions have been well recovered using RL-CDBS. The different momentum distributions recovered for the Si-P monovacancy and the Si divacancy were shown to agree well with theoretical predictions. For the electron irradiated SiC the carbon vacancy V and the silicon vacancy V have been identified according to the electron energies and according to Si the high energy momentum components seen by CDBS. More complex semiconductor systems such electron irradiated GaN and hydrothermally grown ZnO have also been studied by RL-CDBS and Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy. Because GaN materials are widely used in opto-electronic industry the digitized DLS setup has been used to study the defect levels in electron irradiated GaN. For the CDBS and RL-CDBS studies on GaN, SiC and ZnO various methods of "fingerprinting" different defects such as "ratio curves," "difference curves" have been tested. The "autocorrelation function" method has also been used extensively and found to provide novel and useful information on the nature of defects. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3827901 Subjects: Deep level transient spectroscopy Positron annihilation Spectrum analysis - Deconvolution Se

Download or read book SOME MATHEMATICAL STUDIES IN L written by Kee-Tsz Woo and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Some Mathematical Studies in Least Square Deconvolution of Positron Doppler Broadening Spectra Using Huber Regularization" by Kee-tsz, Woo, 胡紀慈, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled SOME MATHEMATICAL STUDIES IN LEAST SQUARE DECONVOLUTION OF POSITRON DOPPLER BROADENING SPECTRA USING HUBER REGULARIZATION submitted by Woo Kee Tsz for the Degree of Master of Philosophy The University of Hong Kong December 2003 The successful deconvolution of data from Doppler Broadening of Annihilation Radiation (DBAR) Spectroscopy enables the production of electron momentum distributions of a quality comparable to those of the Angular Correction of Annihilation Radiation (ACAR) technique. DBAR has a significant advantage over ACAR in terms of shorter data collection times, relatively weak source strength requirements, and fewer geometrical experimental constraints. DBAR measurement is a convolution of spectral line profile and instrumental function. Previously developed deconvolution algorithms sometimes contain numerical instability. They can only partly eliminate or create spurious effects. For example, ripples were found in the generalized least squares method with non-negativity constraint. In the present study was extensively tested the deconvolution procedure involving the least square method with Huber regularization. This method can restore the spectral profile with the edges and corners, and makes effective and efficient use of the half-quadratic equivalent form of the objective function. Convoluted spectra with simple distributions such as Inverted parabola, Laplace, Lorentz and Triangular were simulated. Their subsequence deconvolution enabled the algorithm to be tested and the best form of regularizer and regularization parameters determined. This approach was found to be useful for the study of positron annihilation in real experimental DBAR spectra of six different polycrystalline metal samples, such as aluminum, cadmium, copper, magnesium, lead and zinc. The sharp breaks in the DBAR spectra representing the overlap between the Gaussian and parabolic contribution determine the Fermi wavevector. The resulting regularization method was found to produce good deconvoluted original distributions, with discontinuities in slope and improve spectra resolution approaching 1 mrad (ACAR equivalent). DOI: 10.5353/th_b2946855 Subjects: Positron annihilation Spectrum analysis - Deconvolution Least squares

Download or read book SOME POSITRON ANNIHILATION STU written by King-Fung Ho and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Some Positron Annihilation Studies on Highly Doped and Supersaturated N-type Silicon" by King-fung, Ho, 何競豐, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled SOME POSITRON ANNIHILATION STUDIES ON HIGHLY DOPED AND SUPERSATURATED N-TYPE SILICON Submitted by HO KING FUNG for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in July 2004 Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS) is a non-destructive technique that can be extensively used to probe the point defect structures found in solids. The basic physics behind PAS such as implantation, transport, vacancy trapping and annihilation are reviewed together with the various experimental techniques. Deconvolution algorithms have been applied to Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS) to improve the effective momentum resolution of the technique. The CDBS system instrumental resolution function is obtained using 85 the 514-keV line from Sr. The generalized least square method with Tikonov-Miller regularization, which incorporates a priori non-negativity constraints, is found to be very effective. Monte-Carlo simulations of CDBS have been used to optimize the deconvolution. The deconvolution technique, when applied to a series of well annealed polycrystalline metals, gives results that are found to be comparable quality-wise to those obtained by one dimensional Angular Correlation of Annihilation Radiation (ACAR). An attempt was made to evaluate the significance of ACAR data from positrons trapped in a crystal defect by defect studying the E-center (vacancy-dopant pair) in silicon. The Fourier transformation of the ACAR momentum distribution coming from positrons trapped at the E-center was studied. This gives in real-space the autocorrelation function of the positron-electron wavefunction product at the site of annihilation. Employing the ratio of the autocorrelation function for the E-center and bulk silicon, the positron binding energy to the E-center was estimated. It has been possible to approximately isolate that part of the E-centers' autocorrelation function that originates from the localized defect orbitals and to see spatial features relating to atomic positions in the E-center. Nonequilibrium processing consisting of ion implantation followed by annealing has been employed to produce supersaturated Antimony doped silicon. The defect structure of the ion implanted region and the post-implanted region have been studied using the Variable Energy Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (VEPAS) technique. Evidence is given that positrons are trapped into precipitates or get trapped at precipitate boundaries at annealing temperatures less than 600C. Surprisingly, new vacancy defects appear in the implanted region at annealing temperatures over 600C. This is tentatively attributed to the fact that Sb precipitates begin to dissolve at these temperatures into VSb type complexes. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3028710 Subjects: Positron annihilation Electron spectroscopy Silicon crystals - Defects

Download or read book Use of the Richardson Lucy Algorithm in Analyzing Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Data written by Dapeng Yu and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Use of the Richardson-Lucy Algorithm in Analyzing Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Data" by Dapeng, Yu, 于大鵬, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled USE OF THE RICHARDSON-LUCY ALGORITHM IN ANALYZING POSITRON ANNIHILATION SPECTROSCOPY DATA submitted by Yu Da Peng for the Degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in December 2006 Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) is a popular technique for studying defect structures of materials. It includes positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS) and coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopy (CDBS) techniques. A common phenomenon found in the spectra of all these techniques is the 'blurring' that results from the instrumental resolution function and stochastic noise, both of which lead to an 'ill-posed' problem on recovering the original data. Other specific characteristics of the PAS data make this inverse problem more complicated. For example, one-dimensional experimental DBS spectra have a long exponential tail on the low energy side of the annihilation peak and a constant background noise on the high energy side. On the other hand, CDBS spectra have the form of two-dimensional images with a cross shape noise centralized on the vertical and horizontal annihilation peaks resulting from random coincidences. Analysis of PALS data includes a reverse Laplace transform of the positron decay spectrum which is technically difficult. Although many researchers have applied different methods to this field for a long time, there is as yet no common and effective method which can be used for data analysis of all these three positron annihilation experimental techniques. For this work, the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm has been employed for studying both Monte Carlo simulated PAS spectra and experimental PAS data. Not only can it successfully remove the long low energy exponential tail found in DBS spectra and deal with the vertical and horizontal cross pieces and background noise found in CDBS spectra, its computational time in retrieving the underlying momentum density distribution is much less than other techniques. With regard to the PALS spectra, it was shown that after introducing the Gardner method to transform the Laplace integral into a convolution, the lifetime component distribution may be extracted through two successive Richardson-Lucy deconvolutions. Although the resulting lifetime component distribution was not perfectly extracted, it was found to be equally as good as other inversion techniques with the added advantage that more data points are used to describe the information of the lifetime and intensity distribution. All these results suggest that the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution method is not only accurate, but is the most effective and efficient method of analysis. As such, it is expected to become the most popular algorithm used in this field of research. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3861799 Subjects: Convolutions (Mathematics) Algorithms Positron annihilation Spectrum analysis

Download or read book Nuclear Medicine Physics written by Joao Jose De Lima and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a renowned international expert in the field, Nuclear Medicine Physics offers an up-to-date, state-of-the-art account of the physics behind the theoretical foundation and applications of nuclear medicine. It covers important physical aspects of the methods and instruments involved in modern nuclear medicine, along with related biological

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Positron Annihilation written by Werner Triftshauser and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When it comes to studying the structures and defects of materials, there is presently no technique that is superior to positron annihilation. The increasing demands for higher accuracy and reliability provide a constant stimulus to the field, and the present book relates the newest and most important scientific discoveries made in the field of positron annihilation.

Download or read book Positron Annihilation in Semiconductors written by Reinhard Krause-Rehberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book reports on recent investigations of lattice imperfections in semiconductors by means of positron annihilation. It reviews positron techniques, and describes the application of these techniques to various kinds of defects, such as vacancies, impurity vacancy complexes and dislocations.

Download or read book Positron Annihilation written by P. C. Jain and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physical Metallurgy written by David E. Laughlin and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 2963 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fifth edition of the highly regarded family of titles that first published in 1965 is now a three-volume set and over 3,000 pages. All chapters have been revised and expanded, either by the fourth edition authors alone or jointly with new co-authors. Chapters have been added on the physical metallurgy of light alloys, the physical metallurgy of titanium alloys, atom probe field ion microscopy, computational metallurgy, and orientational imaging microscopy. The books incorporate the latest experimental research results and theoretical insights. Several thousand citations to the research and review literature are included. - Exhaustively synthesizes the pertinent, contemporary developments within physical metallurgy so scientists have authoritative information at their fingertips - Replaces existing articles and monographs with a single, complete solution - Enables metallurgists to predict changes and create novel alloys and processes

Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Positron Spectroscopy of Solids written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lifetime of a positron inside a solid is normally less than a fraction of nanosecond. This is a very short time on a human scale, but is long enough to enable the positron to visit an extended region of the material, and to sense the atomic and electronic structure of the environment. Thus, we can inject a positron in a sample to draw from it some signal giving us information on the microscopic properties of the material. This idea has been successfully developed in a number of positron-based techniques of physical analysis, with resolution in energy, momentum, or position. The complex of these techniques is what we call now positron spectroscopy of solids. The field of application of the positron spectroscopy extends from advanced problems of solid-state physics to industrial applications in the area of characterization of high-tech materials. This volume focuses the attention on the physics that can be learned from positron-based methods, but also frames those methods in a wider context including other experimental approaches. It can be considered as a textbook on positron spectroscopy of solids, the sort of book that the newcomer takes for his approach to this field, but also as a useful research tool for the expert.

Download or read book Positrons in Solids written by P. Hautojärvi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In condensed matter initially fast positrons annihilate after having reached equi librium with the surroundings. The interaction of positrons with matter is governed by the laws of ordinary quantum mechanics. Field theory and antiparticle properties enter only in the annihilation process leading to the emergence of energetic photons. The monitoring of annihilation radiation by nuclear spectroscopic methods provides valuable information on the electron-positron system which can directly be related to the electronic structure of the medium. Since the positron is a positive electron its behavior in matter is especially interesting to solid-state and atomic physi cists. The small mass quarantees that the positron is really a quantum mechanical particle and completely different from any other particles and atoms. Positron physics started about 25 years ago but discoveries of new features in its interac tion with matter have maintained continuous interest and increasing activity in the field. Nowadays it is becoming part of the "stock-in-trade" of experimental physics.