Download or read book Solvency II A comparison of the standard model with internal models to calculate the Solvency Capital Requirements SCR written by Shahrok Shedari and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-09-14 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: -, University of Frankfurt (Main), language: English, abstract: The Solvency II Directive, which will come into effect from January 2016, is a very important project of the European insurance industry. It will set new rules to the European insurance business. Because of being the biggest insurance market of the world - European insurers generate more than € 1,100 bn p.a. and invest around € 8,600 bn in the economy - the new directive will also act as a signal for the worldwide regulation of insurance companies. So it is also intended to have a framework, which is in line with the international developments in solvency, risk management, supervisory and accounting. After 15 years of planning and development the regulation is now implemented step-by-step. The aim of the EU Solvency II Directive is to prevent insurers from becoming insolvent. For this purpose, among other things, a uniform capital adequacy for all European insurance companies is provided. Core of the proposed amendments with respect to the investment is that eligible capital at any time must be higher than the calculated risk. One of the main parts of the Solvency II project is the determination of the capital requirements. The idea is to asses both the assets and the liabilities with the aim of a more realistic modelling and assessments of the risk to which an insurer may be exposed to. The solvency capital requirements (SCR) for an one year horizon is then calculated on the 99.5% Value-at-Risk. The determined SCR answers the question how much capital is required today to cover losses, which may occur during the next 12 months, with a probability of 99.5%. For the calculation of the SCR the insurer can choose between standard model, internal models or a hybrid model. Since internal models allow a better assessment of the companies risk than the standard model, insurers are encouraged to implement such stochastic internal models. But the implementation of internal model is as well costly as sophisticated. That is why the European Commission with support of the Committee of Insurance and Occupational Pension Supervisors (CEIOPS) has established a scenario based standard model. The standard model defines in a first step different sub modules (e.g. market risk, operational risk) for which the capital requirements are calculated. The different SCR’s are “then aggregated under the assumption of a multivariate normal distribution with prespecified correlation matrices to allow for diversification effects”. [...]
Download or read book Internal Models and Solvency Two written by Paolo Cadoni and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Solvency II directive, insurance companies are required to calculate their Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) in order to prove to supervisors, policyholders and beneficiaries that they have a high enough level of funds to absorb significant losses and to make payments as they fall due. They have a choice between a standard formula and an internal model in calculating their SCR. Many companies favour internal models as they are more risk-sensitive, capture individual risk profiles and therefore reduce the capital requirements placed on insurance companies by Solvency II. However, internal models are subject to approval by supervisory bodies. Insurance companies need to demonstrate that their internal model meets the use test, statistical quality standards, calibration standards, validation standards and documentation standards. Internal Models and Solvency II clarifies the requirements for practitioners and senior executives by providing regulatory and practical insight into internal models. Perspectives from both the supervisory and industry side gives unique insight into the spirit and rationale of the requirements, and are complemented by practical solutions to the daily challenges faced when reviewing and implementing internal models. Edited by Paolo Cadoni, currently Technical Head of the Insurance Policy Department at the Prudential Regulation Authority, this book provides support and solutions for the managers charged with implementing and validating their companies' internal models, helping readers to ensure the compliance of their models. Insurance supervisors will also be able to use this book to clarify the requirements when reviewing internal model applications. Internal Models and Solvency II gives readers a wider understanding of the history, challenges, philosophy, and future prospects of Solvency II internal models
Download or read book Executive s Guide to Solvency II written by David Buckham and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A straightforward guide to the evolution, benefits, and implementation of Solvency II Providing a guide to the evolution, practice, benefits, and implementation of Solvency II, Executive′s Guide to Solvency II deftly covers this major European regulation which ensures that insurers can meet their risk–based liabilities over a one–year period to a 99.5% certainty. Part of the Wiley and SAS Business series, this book will guide you through Solvency II, especially if you need to understand the subtleties of Solvency II and risk–based capital in basic business language. Among the topics covered in this essential book are: Background to Solvency II Learning from the Basel Approach The Economic Balance Sheet Internal Models People, Process, and Technology Business Benefits of Solvency II Executive′s Guide to Solvency II has as its aim an explanation for executives, practitioners, consultants, and others interested in the Solvency II process and the implications thereof, to understand how and why the directive originated, what its goals are, and what some of the complexities are. There is an emphasis on what in practice should be leveraged upon to achieve implementation, specifically data, processes, and systems, as well as recognition of the close alignment demanded between actuaries, the risk department, IT, and the business itself.
Download or read book Solvency written by Arne Sandstrom and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-09-19 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now there were no published analyses of the recent solvency work conducted in Europe, specifically the risk categories proposed by the International Actuarial Association (IAA). Answering the insurance industry's demand in the wake of the EU Solvency II project, Solvency: Models, Assessment and Regulation provides a concrete summary and revie
Download or read book Solvency II in the Insurance Industry written by Maria Heep-Altiner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the EU-wide Solvency II framework for the insurance industry, which was implemented on January 1, 2016, after a long project phase. Analogous to the system for banks, it is based on three pillars and the authors analyze the complete framework pillar by pillar with a consistent data model for a non-life insurer, which was developed by the Research Group Financial & Actuarial Risk Management (FaRis) at the Institute for Insurance Studies of the TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences. The book leverages the long-standing and close cooperation between the University of Limerick (Ireland) and the Institute for Insurance Studies at TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences (Germany).
Download or read book Internal Models and Solvency II written by Paolo Cadoni and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Solvency for Actuaries and Risk Managers written by Arne Sandström and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 1084 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop shop for actuaries and risk managers, this handbook covers general solvency and risk management topics as well issues pertaining to the European Solvency II project. It focuses on the valuation of assets and liabilities, the calculation of capital requirement, and the calculation of the standard formula for the Solvency II project. The author describes valuation and investment approaches, explains how to develop models and measure various risks, and presents approaches for calculating minimum capital requirements based on CEIOPS final advice. Updates on solvency projects and issues are available at www.SolvencyII.nu
Download or read book Capital Requirements Disclosure and Supervision in the European Insurance Industry written by M. Starita and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capital Requirements, Disclosure, and Supervision in the European Insurance Industry provides an in-depth analysis of Solvency II's issues by combining both a theoretical approach and evidence of the empirical implications and effects on the European insurance industry.
Download or read book Luxembourg written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-06-24 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The insurance sector in Luxembourg is very large and serves as a European hub, specifically in the non-life (re)insurance sector and in unit-linked life insurance. Sector assets equaled EUR 289bn in June 2023, corresponding to 372 percent of GDP, significantly higher than in other European peers, Luxembourg insurance business is conducted mainly cross-border, both in the life and the non-life sector. The sector’s international role has been strengthened further after the Brexit vote when several U.K. insurers resettled to Luxembourg to continue cross-border business in the EEA through the passporting system. Business underwritten for domestic risks represents only 6 percent of the sector’s total technical provisions. Both the life and the non-life sector have undergone some consolidation recently, and most Luxembourgish insurers are subsidiaries of foreign groups.
Download or read book Lloyd s Law and Practice written by Julian Burling and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique features of the Lloyd’s Corporation and Market and their governing rules are complex and are often difficult to navigate even for the most seasoned practitioner. This book provides the reader with a definitive and detailed guide, and is essential for any practitioner dealing with Lloyd’s Insurance. After a brief historical account, the book provides a thorough legal description and analysis of Lloyd’s, which includes topics ranging from the constitution and membership requirements of Lloyd’s, UK and overseas regulation, the processes for placing and underwriting business and handling claims, chain of security, enforcement and disciplinary matters, compensation and the reconstruction and the renewal of the Lloyd’s market between 1990 and 1996. The book will be an invaluable reference tool for insurance practitioners and professionals dealing with Lloyd’s. Julian Burling is a barrister at Serle Court, and has been involved in advising on and implementing nearly all significant legal developments at Lloyd’s in the last 25 years.
Download or read book Macroprudential Solvency Stress Testing of the Insurance Sector written by Mr.Andreas A. Jobst and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, stress testing has become a central aspect of the Fund’s bilateral and multilateral surveillance work. Recently, more emphasis has also been placed on the role of insurance for financial stability analysis. This paper reviews the current state of system-wide solvency stress tests for insurance based on a comparative review of national practices and the experiences from Fund’s FSAP program with the aim of providing practical guidelines for the coherent and consistent implementation of such exercises. The paper also offers recommendations on improving the current insurance stress testing approaches and presentation of results.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation written by Célestin Monga and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation addresses the economics of structural transformation around the world. It deals with major themes, which include history and context, critical issues and concepts, methodological foundations, main theoretical approaches, policy issues, some illuminating country experiences of structural transformation, and important debates on the respective roles of the market and the state in that process. The historical record provides a challenge for economists to understand the success of the rising economic powers (some of them initially considered unlikely candidates for prosperity) and the stagnation or decline of others. Five major questions emerge: DT Why has so much divergence occurred among nations of the world since the Industrial Revolution, and particularly during the 20th century? DT Why has the pattern changed recently with the emergence of a few developing economies (e.g. the multi-polar world), and can it be sustained? DT What are the key drivers, strategies, and policies, to foster structural transformation in various different country contexts and in a constantly evolving global economy? DT How could low- and middle-income countries avoid development traps and learn from past experiences whilst exploiting the new opportunities offered by the Fourth Industrial Revolution? DT What is the role of various development stakeholders and other important players in facilitating sustained economic convergence among nations? This book addresses these questions, bringing the rigor, usefulness, and multi-disciplinary scope of the Oxford Handbook series to a critical topic in economics. The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation is an essential reference work and a stimulus to new research and creativity across all branches of the social sciences.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society written by Casualty Actuarial Society and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of members for the years 1914-20 are included in v. 1-7, after which they are continued in the Year book of the society, begun in 1922.
Download or read book International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards written by and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatises on Solvency II written by Meinrad Dreher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European system of insurance supervision under Solvency II constitutes a parallel to supervision of credit institutions under Basel III. At the heart of this new European insurance supervisory regime are the Solvency II Directive, the attendant regulation, and the EIOPA Regulation. The present volume, "Treatises on Solvency II", includes articles on the bases of European insurance supervision and the associated three pillars of solvency, governance, and disclosure, all viewed predominantly from a legal standpoint.
Download or read book Twin Peaks for Europe State of the Art Financial Supervisory Consolidation written by Olivia Johanna Erdélyi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses the truly interdisciplinary and highly controversial subject of international financial regulation and supervision, which has been at the center of academic, political, and public attention since the start of the current economic and financial crisis. Drawing on international financial regulatory and supervisory experience and in line with the European Monetary Union’s gradual transformation into a Genuine Economic and Monetary Union, it proposes the transformation of the European financial supervisory framework into a hybrid twin-peaks model to create the previously missing necessary legal foundation for the adoption of the so-called Group Support Regime (GSR). The latter is a relatively simple and transparent capital management tool for (re)insurance groups operating in a parent-subsidiary structure proposed by the European Commission under the new Solvency II insurance supervisory framework, which despite lengthy consideration was eventually rejected by Member States.
Download or read book Identifying Scenarios for the Own Risk and Solvency Assessment of Insurance Companies written by Philipp Aigner and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most insurers in the European Union determine their regulatory capital requirements based on the standard formula of Solvency II. However, there is evidence that the standard formula inaccurately reflects insurers' risk situation and may provide misleading steering incentives. In the second pillar, Solvency II requires insurers to perform a so-called “Own Risk and Solvency Assessment” (ORSA). In their ORSA, insurers must establish their own risk measurement approaches, including those based on scenarios, in order to derive suitable risk assessments and address shortcomings of the standard formula. The idea of this paper is to identify scenarios in such a way that the standard formula in connection with the ORSA provides a reliable basis for risk management decisions. Using an innovative method for scenario identification, our approach allows for a simple but relatively precise assessment of marginal and even non-marginal portfolio changes. We numerically evaluate the proposed approach in the context of market risk employing an internal model from the academic literature and the Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) calculation under Solvency II.
