Download or read book Solar Photovoltaic PV Manufacturing Expansions in the United States 2017 2019 written by Brittany L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Future of Photovoltaics Manufacturing in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological innovation and growth are critical to U.S. competitiveness in a global economy. One means of facilitating growth and improving competitiveness is to foster more robust innovation ecosystems through the development of public-private partnerships, industry consortia, and other regional and national economic development initiatives. Public-private partnerships, in particular, catalyze the commercialization of state and national investments in research and development. One of the major projects of the National Research Council's Board on Science Technology and Economic Policy (STEP) is to examine state and local investment programs designed to attract and grow knowledge-based industries. STEP analyzes state and regional innovation initiatives to gain a better understanding of the challenges associated with the transition of research into products, the practices associated with successful state and regional programs, and their interaction with federal programs and private initiatives. In April and July 2009, STEP convened two meeting to assess the future of the U.S. photovoltaic industry and the practical steps that the federal government and some state and regional governments are taking to develop the capacity to manufacture photovoltaics competitively. The Future of Photovoltaic Manufacturing in the United States captures the presentations and discussions of these meetings. This report explores the prospects for cooperative R&D efforts, standards, and roadmapping efforts that could accelerate innovation and growth of a U.S. photovoltaics industry. It includes both efforts to strengthen existing industries as well as specific new technology focus areas such as nanotechnology, stem cells, and energy in order to gain an improved understanding of program goals, challenges, and accomplishments.

Download or read book Expanding the Photovoltaic Supply Chain in the United States Opportunities and Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers U.S. infrastructure availability to meet demand for industries upstream of PV manufacturing. Our analysis considers both crystalline-silicon (c-Si) and thin-film PV, but focuses on c-Si. U.S. polysilicon production in 2017 was roughly equivalent to the total needed for 2017 U.S. PV demand, however, there were no U.S. producers of silicon wafers for PV applications in 2017, so we assume c-Si cell production relied on imported wafers. About 60% of the 2017 U.S. market for c-Si cells and 92% of modules (including thin-film) were imported. However, from 2017 to 2019, plans for new U.S. capacity were announced:1.6 GW of c-Si cells, 6.2 GW of c-Si modules, and 1.2 GW of thin-film modules. This would increase U.S. c-Si cell capacity tenfold and increase U.S. module (c-Si and thin-film) capacity threefold compared to the start of 2017. This could significantly impact U.S. supply chains for input materials. Therefore, we analyze a selection of the most expensive PV system components excluding c-Si cells: steel racking, aluminum frames and racking, inverters, flat glass, encapsulants, and backsheets. In 2017, the U.S. relied primarily on domestic steel, though U.S. production was below 80% capacity utilization. Since U.S. PV installations in 2017 represented less than 1% of total U.S. steel consumption, growth in PV installations could have modest benefits for local steel production without encountering supply constraints.Domestic primary aluminum production supplied 28% of total U.S. aluminum demand in 2017, though capacity was below 50% utilization. Since U.S. PV installations in 2017 represented less than 2% of total U.S. aluminum consumption, growth in PV installations or module assembly could occupy idle aluminum capacity if domestic aluminum became cost-competitive, without encountering supply constraints. In 2017, the U.S. relied primarily on domestic inverter production for all applications, where PV represents 15% of the market. However, the PV sector relied primarily on imported inverters though cybersecurity concerns have emerged regarding foreign-produced power electronics. If these concerns persist, it could stimulate higher domestic production. The U.S. flat glass market in 2017 relied primarily on domestic glass. In 2017, U.S. PV module production represented less than 1% of total U.S. flat glass consumption. Because glass is fragile, dense, and expensive to ship, growth in module production could represent growth for U.S. flat glass. We assume EVA to be the most common PV encapsulant. In 2017, the U.S. was a net exporter of EVA polymer, with a global advantage due to inexpensive shale-gas feedstocks. Less than 1% of U.S. EVA consumption was needed for domestic module production in 2017, but amount of EVA contained in 2017 U.S. PV installations represented 14% of total 2017 U.S. EVA consumption. Thus, growth of domestic module assembly could become a major driver of domestic EVA production. We analyze Tedlar as a primary material for PV backsheets due to its 30% market share and because the U.S. is the major global supplier of Tedlar. We estimate all Tedlar contained in U.S. PV installations was produced domestically. Given the uncertain longevity of alternative backsheet materials and emerging potential of transparent Tedlar, demand for Tedlar may increase further and motivate new capacity additions. Finally, we quantify the potential impact of PV demand growth for these components. We compare two scenarios where PV installations either double or increase tenfold. For each, we assume all demand uses domestic production or hold the percentage supplied by domestic production constant at 2017 levels. If all demand uses domestic production in the 2x scenario, U.S. PV demand would be a significant driver (less than 20%) in the markets for EVA and inverters. In the 10x scenario when all PV demand is met by domestic production, the flat glass, Tedlar, EVA, and inverter markets would be heavily affected.

Download or read book U s Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing written by Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every President since Richard Nixon has sought to increase U.S. energy supply diversity. Job creation and the development of a domestic renewable energy manufacturing base have joined national security and environmental concerns as reasons for promoting the manufacturing of solar power equipment in the United States. The federal government maintains a variety of tax credits and targeted research and development programs to encourage the solar manufacturing sector, and state-level mandates that utilities obtain specified percentages of their electricity from renewable sources have bolstered demand for large solar projects. The most widely used solar technology involves photovoltaic (PV) solar modules, which draw on semiconducting materials to convert sunlight into electricity. By year-end 2013, the total number of grid-connected PV systems nationwide reached more than 445,000. Domestic demand is met both by imports and by about 75 U.S. manufacturing facilities employing upwards of 30,000 U.S. workers in 2014. Production is clustered in a few states including California, Ohio, Oregon, Texas, and Washington. Domestic PV manufacturers operate in a dynamic, volatile, and highly competitive global market now dominated by Chinese and Taiwanese companies. China alone accounted for nearly 70% of total solar module production in 2013. Some PV manufacturers have expanded their operations beyond China to places like Malaysia, the Philippines, and Mexico. Overcapacity has led to a precipitous decline in module prices, which have fallen 65%-70% since 2009, causing significant hardship for many American manufacturers. Some PV manufacturers have closed their U.S. operations, some have entered bankruptcy, and others are reassessing their business models. Although hundreds of small companies are engaged in PV-related manufacturing around the world, profitability concerns appear to be driving consolidation, with fewer than a dozen firms now controlling half of global module production. In 2012, the United States imposed significant dumping and countervailing duties on imports of Chinese solar products after ruling that U.S. producers had been injured by dumped and subsidized solar equipment from China. In a second case, the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) ruled in 2014 and early 2015 that U.S. producers were being injured by imports of Chinese-made modules that avoided the duties imposed in 2012 by incorporating solar cells from Taiwan. While these duties may help U.S. production become more competitive with imports, the cost of installing solar systems might rise. Domestic demand for solar products may also be depressed by the end of various federal incentives. Unless extended, the commercial Investment Tax Credit for PV systems will revert to 10% from its current 30% rate after 2016, while the 30% credit for residential investments will expire.

Download or read book U S Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Industry Trends Global Competition Federal Support written by Michaela D. Platzer and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-06-11 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every President since Richard Nixon has sought to increase U.S. energy supply diversity. In recent years, job creation and the development of a domestic renewable energy manufacturing base have joined national security and environmental concerns as rationales for promoting the manufacturing of solar power equipment in the United States. The federal government maintains a variety of tax credits, loan guarantees, and targeted research and development programs to encourage the solar manufacturing sector, and state-level mandates that utilities obtain specified percentages of their electricity from renewable sources have bolstered demand for large solar projects. The most widely used solar technology involves photovoltaic (PV) solar modules, which draw on semiconducting materials to convert sunlight into electricity. By year-end 2011, the total number of grid-connected PV systems nationwide reached almost 215,000. Domestic demand is met both by imports and by about 100 U.S. manufacturing facilities employing an estimated 25,000 U.S. workers in 2011. Production is clustered in a few states, including California, Oregon, Texas, and Ohio. Domestic PV manufacturers operate in a dynamic and highly competitive global market now dominated by Chinese and Taiwanese companies. All major PV solar manufacturers maintain global sourcing strategies; the only U.S.-based manufacturer ranked among the top 10 global cell producers in 2010 sourced the majority of its panels from its factory in Malaysia. Some PV manufacturers have expanded their operations beyond China to places like the Philippines and Mexico. Overcapacity has led to a significant drop in module prices, with solar panel prices falling more than 50% over the course of 2011. Several PV manufacturers have entered bankruptcy and others are reassessing their business models. Although hundreds of small companies are engaged in PV manufacturing around the world, profitability concerns appear to be driving consolidation, with 10 firms now controlling half of global cell and module production. The Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission are investigating allegations that U.S. producers have been injured by dumped and subsidized imports from China. If significant duties are ultimately imposed, U.S. production could become more competitive with imports, but the cost of installing solar systems might rise. On the other hand, a number of federal policies that have helped to spur domestic demand for solar PV products have expired or reached their funding limits. These include the 1603 cash grant program and the advanced energy manufacturing tax credit; S. 591, which would extend the credit, has been introduced in the 112th Congress. Under current law, the Investment Tax Credit for PV systems will sunset at the end of 2016. The competitiveness of solar PV as a source of electric generation in the United States will likely be adversely affected both by the expiration of these tax provisions and by the rapid development of shale gas, which has the potential to lower the cost of gas-fired power generation and reduce the cost-competitiveness of solar power, particularly as an energy source for utilities. In light of these developments, the ability to build a significant U.S. production base for PV equipment is in question.~

Download or read book On the Path to SunShot Emerging Opportunities and Challenges in U S Solar Manufacturing written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides insights into photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP) manufacturing in the context of the U.S. Department of Energy's SunShot Initiative. Although global PV price reductions and deployment have been strong recently, PV manufacturing faces challenges. Slowing rates of manufacturing cost reductions, combined with the relatively low price of incumbent electricity generating sources in most large global PV markets, may constrain profit opportunities for firms and poses a potential challenge to the sustainable operation and growth of the global PV manufacturing base. In the United States, manufacturers also face a factors-of-production cost disadvantage compared with competing nations. However, the United States is one of the world's most competitive and innovative countries as well as one of the best locations for PV manufacturing. In conjunction with strong projected PV demand in the United States and across the Americas, these advantages could increase the share of PV technologies produced by U.S. manufacturers as the importance of innovation-driven PV cost reductions increases. Compared with PV, CSP systems are much more complex and require a much larger minimum effective scale, resulting in much higher total CAPEX requirements for system construction, lengthier development cycles, and ultimately higher costs of energy produced. The global lack of consistent CSP project development creates challenges for companies that manufacture specialty CSP components, and the potential lack of a near-term U.S. market could hinder domestic CSP manufacturers. However, global and U.S. CSP deployment is expected to expand beyond 2020, and U.S. CSP manufacturers could benefit from U.S. innovation advantages similar to those associated with PV. Expansion of PV and CSP manufacturing also presents U.S. job-growth opportunities.

Download or read book Rolled Glass written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic Risk Analysis in the Chemical and Petroleum Industry written by Nicola Paltrinieri and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-08-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic Risk Analysis in the Chemical and Petroleum Industry focuses on bridging the gap between research and industry by responding to the following questions: - What are the most relevant developments of risk analysis? - How can these studies help industry in the prevention of major accidents? Paltrinieri and Khan provide support for professionals who plan to improve risk analysis by introducing innovative techniques and exploiting the potential of data share and process technologies. This concrete reference within an ever-growing variety of innovations will be most helpful to process safety managers, HSE managers, safety engineers and safety engineering students. This book is divided into four parts. The Introduction provides an overview of the state-of-the-art risk analysis methods and the most up-to-date popular definitions of accident scenarios. The second section on Dynamic Risk Analysis shows the dynamic evolution of risk analysis and covers Hazard Identification, Frequency Analysis, Consequence Analysis and Establishing the Risk Picture. The third section on Interaction with Parallel Disciplines illustrates the interaction between risk analysis and other disciplines from parallel fields, such as the nuclear, the economic and the financial sectors. The final section on Dynamic Risk Management addresses risk management, which may dynamically learn from itself and improve in a spiral process leading to a resilient system. - Helps dynamic analysis and management of risk in chemical and process industry - Provides industry examples and techniques to assist you with risk- based decision making - Addresses also the human, economic and reputational aspects composing the overall risk picture

Download or read book Politics of Renewable Energy in China written by Chen Gang and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Chen Gang examines the real-world effectiveness of China's approach to the promotion of green technologies and practices, and discusses the political landscape in which it is situated.

Download or read book A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Energy Systems written by Trevor Letcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Energy Systems: With Special Focus on Photovoltaic Systems, the most advanced and research focused text on all aspects of solar energy engineering, is a must have edition on the present state of solar technology, integration and worldwide distribution. In addition, the book provides a high-level assessment of the growth trends in photovoltaics and how investment, planning and economic infrastructure can support those innovations. Each chapter includes a research overview with a detailed analysis and new case studies that look at how recent research developments can be applied. Written by some of the most forward-thinking professionals, this book is an invaluable reference for engineers. - Contains analysis of the latest high-level research and explores real world application potential in relation to developments - Uses system international (SI) units and imperial units throughout to appeal to global engineers - Offers measurable data written by a world expert in the field on the latest developments in this fast moving and vital subject

Download or read book Bifacial Photovoltaics written by Joris Libal and published by Institution of Engineering and Technology. This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules are able to utilize light from both sides and can therefore significantly increase the electric yield of PV power plants, thus reducing the cost and improving profitability. Bifacial PV technology has a huge potential to reach a major market share, in particular when considering utility scale PV plants. Accordingly, bifacial PV is currently attracting increasing attention from involved engineers, scientists and investors.

Download or read book Planning and Installing Photovoltaic Systems written by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2008 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth in photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing worldwide continues to increase. In parallel, appropriate standards and certification schemes are being developed. During this period, clear guidance is crucial for integrating this technology into working practices of professionals in the building sector. This bestselling guide has become the essential tool for any installer, engineer and architect, offering guidance, and detailing every subject necessary for successful project implementation, from the technical design to the legal and market issues of PV installation. Beginning with resource assessment and an outline of the core components, this guide comprehensively covers system design, economic analysis, installation, operation and maintenance of PV systems. The book includes a free CD-ROM which contains essential software and additional material. The second edition has been fully updated to reflect the state-of-the-art in technology and concepts and includes: a new chapters on marketing and the history of PV; new information on the photovoltaic market; new material on lightning protection; a new section on building integrated systems; and new graphics, data, photos and software.

Download or read book Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies written by Joel Jean and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Solar photovoltaics (PV) is the fastest-growing energy technology in the world today and an important tool for mitigating climate change. Crystalline silicon PV modules are now affordable, efficient, reliable, and dominant in the global market. So why do researchers and entrepreneurs continue to pursue new PV technologies? This book explores how market forces expose opportunities for new solar technologies. The authors explain how two emerging thin-film PV technologies--metal halide perovskites and colloidal quantum dots--can benefit from rapid scalability, reduced manufacturing and installation costs, and new modes of deployment. This book is targeted at students, early-career researchers, and industry newcomers seeking to maximize their impact in the field of emerging thin-film solar photovoltaics." -- Prové de l'editor.

Download or read book Renewables 2019 written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Floating PV Plants written by Marco Rosa-Clot and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy sources (RES) are one of the important instruments that human beings can use to tackle problems created by climate change. We expect a quick expansion of RES in the next few years. One important new technology is the floating photovoltaic (FPV) which is at its very beginning but which after only 10 years from its first proposal has already reached the target of 2 GWp of plants installed. This book explores the reasons for such growth and the advantages of this new technology. FPV plants are easily integrated into any human settlements and can use available fresh water as well as salt water near coastal areas. So their geographic potential is unlimited. Furthermore, their environmental impact is limited and the managing and decommissioning of plants are very cheap. The book offers a perspective on the many facets of this technology as well as an analysis of the economic aspect and of the final electricity cost which in a short time will go down to less than 50 $ per MWh. Contributions from different authors have helped in sectors such as the raft structure, the wave impact, and the environment problems. Investigates the installation of photovoltaic systems over the water's surface Offers theoretical and practical explanations on how to study, analyze and design photovoltaic energy systems Considers how the use of floating photovoltaic systems can work to fulfill domestic energy demand

Download or read book Decentralised Energy written by Christoph Burger and published by Ubiquity Press. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The energy system is undergoing a fundamental transformation – from fossil to renewable energy, from central power plants to distributed, decentralised generation facilities such as rooftop solar panels or wind parks, from utilities to private residents as producers of energy, and from analogue to digital. This book looks at the energy transformation from two complementary angles: governance and business model innovation. On the one side, governance is a decisive factor for the success of the transformation because it can act as an accelerator, or it can delay the process. On the other side, entrepreneurs and corporate decision-makers provide new business models for a decentralised energy world. Based on best practices, country studies and interviews with CEOs and founders of startups from all over the world, the “Global Game Changer” suggests eight key principles for political decision-makers to successfully implement the transformation, and six core competencies for corporate decision-makers to thrive in the new marketplace.

Download or read book Critical Materials Strategy written by Steven Chu and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the role of rare earth metals and other materials in the clean energy economy. It was prepared by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) based on data collected and research performed during 2010. In the report, DoE describes plans to: (1) develop its first integrated research agenda addressing critical materials, building on three technical workshops convened by the DoE during November and December 2010; (2) strengthen its capacity for information-gathering on this topic; and (3) work closely with international partners, including Japan and Europe, to reduce vulnerability to supply disruptions and address critical material needs. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.